广西钦州稔子坪矿褐煤地球化学特征：Ⅰ.饱和烃馏分的生物标志物组合   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曾凡刚  王铁冠  盛国英  彭平安 《地球化学》1994,23(3):300-308

稔子坪褐煤属于富含壳质组的腐殖型褐煤，腐殖质反射率Ｒ０＝０．４４％，壳质组以壳屑体为主，总烃丰度高达２３７３６×１０￣－６，多项热解参数（Ｔｍａｘ，Ｄ，ＩＨ和Ｐｇ）呈“腐泥型”有机质面貌，富氢组分含量和氢指数Ｉ＿Ｈ都说明该煤属于好的烃源岩。饱和烃馏分生物标志物组合与生源构成相对定量表明，陆生高等植物是主要的烃类生源母质，微生物（细菌）对原始有机母质的改造提高了“腐泥化”程度及生烃潜力，有利于早期生烃。  相似文献   

Reservoir geochemistry of the Tazhong oilfield in the Tarim Basin, China, Part Ⅰ. Geochemical characteristics and genetic classification of crude oils     

张敏黄光辉  胡国艺 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(4):328-331

According to the assemblage characteristics of saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers in crude oils and their geochemical implications, this study has proposed, for the first time, the criteria for the genetic classification of crude oils in the Tazhong area of the Tarim Basin, China. Crude oils from the area studied are classified as three genetic types： type-Ⅰ is characterized by the low contents of C29 norhopane, extremely abundant contents of gammacerane, low contents of rearranged sterane and relatively high contents of regular C28 sterane; the geochemical properties of type-Ⅱ crude oils are opposite to those of type-Ⅰ crude oils; the parameters for type-Ⅲ crude oils are intermediate between type-Ⅰ and type-Ⅱ. Results of oil correlation indicated that type-Ⅰ crude oils were derived from Cambrian-Lower Ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks, type-Ⅱ curde oils originated from Middle-Upper Ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks and type-Ⅲ crude oils are of mixed origin.  相似文献   

岩溶地区现代土壤与洞穴石笋中单甲基支链烷烃与烷基环己烷对比研究     

蒲阳  黄俊华  黄咸雨  阮小燕  崔景伟  谢树成 《沉积学报》2006,24(5):740-746

利用GC-MS（气相色谱—质谱仪）,对采自湖北清江流域和尚洞洞顶的土壤样品与洞内石笋样品进行分析,发现土壤中存在的七个系列单甲基支链烷烃在所有的石笋样品中均可以找到,呈现相似的分布模式,石笋中七个系列支链烷烃有可能来自洞穴滴水携带的土壤中的支链烷烃,但是也不能排除石笋原地生长的微生物的贡献。烷基环己烷的分布在土壤与石笋中呈现了相似的分布模式,但是主峰碳数有所变化,高碳数部分与低碳数部分的相对含量也发生了变化。主要原因可能是微生物选择性降解的结果,也有可能是土壤与石笋中微生物种类分布差异所造成的。本次研究初步显示了相对封闭稳定的洞穴沉积物与上覆土壤层中生物标志化合物的异同。   相似文献   

牛庄—八面河地区原油混源问题探讨及混合比计算     

郑亚斌  黄海平  周树青  杜秀娟 《沉积学报》2007,25(5):795-799

采用有机地球化学方法对牛庄—八面河地区混源油问题进行了研究。将来自沙三段成熟源岩的牛庄油田原油和来自沙四段源岩的八面河油田原油作为端元，通过伽马蜡烷含量/C30藿烷与藿烷/甾烷交会图、重排单芳甾/C27βS单芳甾比值和芳香甾含量交会图等方法，尝试计算了原油的混合比。计算结果显示从牛庄洼陷向八面河地区沙四段来源油的比例逐渐增加且两种方法计算的混合比一致。牛庄洼陷中心以沙三段来源油占绝对优势，八面河斜坡区则是以沙四段来源油为主，而王家岗地区则二者兼而有之。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地东部第四系低丰度高效气源岩地球化学特征及成藏机理     

陈中红  ;吴孔友  ;赵卫卫 《西安地质学院学报》2007,(1):41-46

对柴达木盆地东部地区第四系鸭湖和盐湖剖面进行了露头取样，并利用Rock-Eval生油岩评价、色谱质谱等实验分析测试技术对样品进行了地球化学特征分析。实验结果表明，样品有机碳含量变化不大，ω（TOC）为0．15％～O．75％，ω（S1＋S2）为（0．24～2．5）×10^-3。第四系气源岩中的有机质类型多以Ⅲ型有机质为主，少数为Ⅱ型，极少数为Ⅰ型。有机质主要来源于陆源生物为主的腐殖型和含腐泥腐殖型，是典型的低丰度有机质气源岩。C29甾烷异构化参数C28αββ／（αββ＋ααα）、C29ααα20S／（20S＋20R）分布分别为0．34～0．38、0．27～0．33，C31升藿烷22S／（22S＋22R）分布为0．49～0．56，显示第四系样品多处于未熟状态。巨厚的气源岩沉积厚度、第四纪寒冷的气候和高盐度的水体环境及有效的生储盖组合是形成第四系大型生物气藏的有利条件。  相似文献   

中国边缘海海洋沉积生态环境反演中的生物标志物     

王越奇  宋金明  袁华茂  李学刚  段丽琴  邢建伟 《地质论评》2023,69(3):1085-1105

中国边缘海是海—陆—气圈进行物质和能量交换最活跃的海域之一,重建中国边缘海海洋生态环境演变对深入探析人类活动和气候变化的耦合作用意义重大,海洋沉积物生物标志物为定性/定量揭示海洋生态环境演变提供有效手段,可为预测人类活动影响下的海洋生态环境演变趋势提供科学支撑。本文总结归纳目前海洋沉积物中常用的古菌、细菌和真核来源生物标志物在海陆来源、化学结构、分布规律与功能等方面的特征,分析了不同生物标志物类型在重建海洋温度、酸碱度、氧化还原环境和浮游植物演变过程中的应用状况,剖析了多参数生物标志物在重建中国边缘海生态环境演变中存在的问题。总体而言,利用生物标志物重建中国边缘海生态环境演变的研究大多还停留在定性描述水平;由于对生物标志物母源生物及其适应机制认识不足会导致对生物标志物指标的解译存在偏差,进而影响海洋环境重建结果的准确性;此外,多种重要海洋环境演变参数并未建立起有效的生物标志物指标。未来的海洋生态环境重建研究应从结合新技术新方法厘清生物来源,整合大数据分析方法构建有更精确对应关系的校正公式以实现定量反演和准确预测,同时结合功能微生物群落筛选出更具独特性的新型生物标志物等方面开展研究。  相似文献   

Biogeochemistry and microfossils of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous,Anabar Bay,Laptev Sea     

V.A. Kashirtsev  B.L. Nikitenko  E.B. Peshchevitskaya  E.A. Fursenko 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(4):386-404

A detailed analysis of organic matter from the Oxfordian-Lower Valanginian interval of the Nordvik section (Anabar Bay) allows the definition of three geochemical horizons (terpane, diasterene, and hopane), which are characterized by specific geochemical compounds and their ratios. These horizons are correlated with several stages in the evolution of microfossils associated with ecological and geochemical changes in sea paleobasin. Our study shows a good correlation among the variation in many geochemical parameters, the composition of microfossil assemblages, and the transgressive-regressive phases of the paleobasin evolution. Moderately shallow-water facies was reconstructed using micropaleontological, palynological, and lithological data from the upper and lower parts of the section, where the terpane and hopane horizons were identified. Both horizons are characterized by a general dominance of hopanes over other polycyclic biomarkers, the presence of compounds with the biological configuration and organic matter of mixed terrestrial-marine origin, the presence of benzohopanes and retene, an indicator of the conifer resins. This is also reflected in the composition of palynological assemblages, which are dominated by terrestrial palynomorphs, with rare conifer pollen grains. Relatively deep-water facies were identified in the middle part of the section (diasterene horizon). A distinctive geochemical feature of this interval is high relative abundances of diasterenes and 4-methyldiasterenes. The lower subhorizon is characterized by the highest values of the pristane/n-C₁₇ ratio and relatively light δ¹³C values of noncarbonate carbon. The aromatic fractions have anomalously high concentrations of methyltrimethyltridecylchromans (MTTCs), which are interpreted to be derived mostly from chlorophyll of prasinophytes. The terpenoid distribution is marked by the presence of neohop-13(18)-enes, which probably originated from the activity of methanotrophic bacteria. The above geochemical parameters indicate high photic zone productivity (which is confirmed by the composition of palynological assemblages with abundant dinocysts and prasinophytes) that favored the accumulation of organic matter in dysaerobic conditions, which periodically occurred in the bottom of paleobasin. The alternation of dysaerobic and low-oxic bottom water conditions is easily reconstructed from the analysis of microbenthic communities. The analysis of biogeochemical, micropaleontological, paleontological, and palynological data on the Upper Volgian-lowermost Berriasian organic-rich shales revealed a very good source rock potential for this part of the section, as indicated by relatively high concentrations of organic matter of mixed bacterial-algal genesis and stagnant conditions during deposition and diagenesis. However, this potential was not realized because of the extremely “mild” thermobaric conditions that existed within the Mesozoic strata of the present-day Anabar Bay. At the same time, our results and analysis of the available data allow an optimistic assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous deposits on the Laptev Sea shelf.  相似文献   

新疆三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系原油形成过程及勘探意义          下载免费PDF全文

吴红烛  黄志龙  张成林  涂小仙  罗权生  孔宏伟  范谭广  张新顺 《高校地质学报》2015,21(1):124

新疆三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷牛圈湖构造带马25井石炭系火山岩储层中发现了原油和固体沥青共存,通过储层多级分离抽提和原油地球化学分析,并对这些原油(或固体沥青)的形成过程与其勘探意义进行了研究,结果表明这些原油和沥青可能主要来自下石炭统烃源岩,具有较低姥植比和伽玛蜡烷含量、高丰度三环萜、高Ts/Tm比值和重族组分碳同位素(δ13C-28.0‰)特征;现今油藏原油富含生物降解标志物(25-降藿烷),同时却无明显其它生物降解特征(正构烷烃、甾藿烷等保存完整),反映多期充注特征,即二叠纪中晚期成藏后遭受生物降解,白垩纪后期又再次充注形成;下石炭系有效烃源岩的存在预示着本区具有深部下石炭统源岩贡献的油气藏勘探前景。  相似文献   

辽西金羊盆地北票组油砂饱和烃地球化学特征——以SZK02井为例   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

张坤  李永飞  唐友军  郜晓勇  孙守亮  周铁锁  孙鹏 《地质通报》2015,34(10):1929-1937

在金羊盆地SZK02钻孔中,相继发现4件岩心样品有油气显示,对该井已发现的油砂采用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱技术进行了分析测试。荧光薄片鉴定显示,岩石粒间普遍被油质沥青浸染,油砂生物标志化合物特征总体表现为正构烷烃丰富、姥植比高、重排藿烷和重排甾烷含量高,指示为偏氧化性的湖沼相沉积环境,有机质演化处于成熟-高成熟阶段。依据生物标志物特征,油砂可分为2种类型:Ⅰ类油砂位于SZK02井较浅部,以高重排补身烷、Ts、C30重排藿烷及未知结构的C30-早洗脱重排藿烷的组合为特征;Ⅱ类油砂位于SZK02井较深部,以较高含量的8β-升补身烷、相对低的Ts/Tm值,五环三萜烷中C30藿烷为主峰的组合为特征。初步的油源对比结果认为,其来源于2种不同类型的烃源岩贡献。  相似文献   

燕辽裂陷带辽西拗陷中元古界高于庄组生物标志化合物特征及意义     

孙守亮  李永飞  张涛  陈树旺  唐友军  郜晓勇  孙求实  孙月成  周铁锁  宗文明  石蕾 《地质与资源》2021,30(3):341-349

燕辽裂陷带辽西拗陷多口钻井钻遇油气显示,使得该地区中-新元古界的古老海相地层再次成为油气勘探及研究的焦点.采用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱技术,对辽凌地1井中元古界高于庄组岩心样品开展烃源岩生物标志化合物研究,据此分析了其生源信息、沉积环境及生烃潜力.综合分析认为,辽凌地1井高于庄组属于差-中等烃源岩,有机质类型II₁型,整体处于成熟-高成熟阶段,已大量生排烃.高于庄组烃源岩饱和烃的正构烷烃碳数分布呈前单峰型,主峰碳多为nC₁₇,具有C₂₇规则甾烷优势,指示其母质输入以低等生物为主.综合萜烷类化合物分布特征,推测高于庄组生源主要为低等菌藻类.另外,较高的伽马蜡烷含量、较低的Pr/Ph比值,反映出高于庄组烃源岩主体形成于咸水还原环境,个别层位可能为强还原环境.  相似文献