Fluid Inclusion Studies of Comb Quartz and Stibnite at the Hishikari Au–Ag Epithermal Deposit,Japan     

《Resource Geology》2018,68(3):326-335

Fluid inclusion microthermometry was conducted on late‐stage barren comb quartz and the latest stibnite at the Hishikari deposit to characterize the hydrothermal activity responsible for vein formation. Eight fluid inclusion assemblages (i.e. fluid inclusions trapped at the same time, ‘FIAs’) were studied to determine the formation fluid temperatures and salinities for the comb quartz in the Shosen No. 2 vein, Sanjin ore zone, and the stibnite in the Seisen No. 1–1 vein, Yamada ore zone. The average homogenization temperatures (the formation temperatures) of the seven FIAs from the comb quartz were between 207 and 230°C, while the average homogenization temperature (the formation temperature) of an FIA from the stibnite was 113°C. The measured fluid salinities of the seven FIAs from the comb quartz were low, ranging between 0.0 and 1.1 wt% NaCl equiv., indicating that dilute fluids were responsible for the comb quartz formation. By comparison with previous microthermometric data, the formation temperatures of the studied comb quartz were higher than those of columnar adularia and comb quartz at most other veins (generally around 200°C) but were similar to those of columnar adularia at Keisen veins (230°C) in the same ore zone. The higher formation temperatures both in the Shosen and the Keisen veins in the Sanjin ore zone indicate that the fractures corresponding to the vein system at the Sanjin ore zone were main conduits for hot ascending fluids. The low formation temperature of stibnite in the latest stage (113°C) indicates that stibnite precipitation occurred during a waning stage of hydrothermal activity. Combined with previous thermodynamic data on antimony solubilities, the large discrepancy between the formation temperature of the comb quartz (200–230°C) and that of the stibnite suggests that the stibnite may have precipitated as a result of a drastic cooling of the hydrothermal system.  相似文献   

Exhumation of the Mesozoic Guojialing Granodiorite: Implication for the Preservation of Gold Deposits in the Jiaobei Terrane,China     

《Resource Geology》2018,68(1):51-64

Preservation conditions are very important for mineral systems and a suitable exhumation process is critical for endogenetic deposits, especially for those deposits formed in orogenic settings, where deposits are inclined to erode away due to strong uplift. The G uojialing batholith, intruding into the L inglong granites and the J iaodong G roup right before regional gold mineralization, is one of the most important gold ore‐hosting M esozoic intrusions in the J iaobei terrane. Gold deposits and the intrusion together underwent similar tectonothermal evolutionary processes. Exhumation and denudation process of the G uojialing granodiorite was constrained by biotite geobarometry and apatite fission track (FT ) analysis. Biotite geobarometric data yields an emplacement depth of 3.0 km, while denudation since 110 M a was calculated from the FT data at about 2.7 km. FT inverse modeling revealed a rapid uplift since ca 100 Ma. Compared with the gold ore‐forming depth which is confined between 2.5 and 9.5 km by fluid inclusion studies, great gold potential in the depths is inferred in the J iaobei terrane. Our result is consistent, to some extent, with the hypothesis of a M esozoic paleoplateau in E ast C hina.  相似文献   

Ore-bearing fluids of the Eldorado gold deposit (Yenisei Ridge,Russia)     

N.A. Gibsher  A.A. Tomilenko  A.M. Sazonov  T.A. Bul’bak  M.O. Khomenko  M.A. Ryabukha  E.O. Shaparenko  S.A. Sil’yanov  N.A. Nekrasova 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(8):983-996

The Eldorado low-sulfide gold-quartz deposit, with gold reserves of more than 60 tons, is located in the damage zone of the Ishimba Fault in the Yenisei Ridge and is hosted by Riphean epidote-amphibolite metamorphic rocks (Sukhoi Pit Group). Orebodies occur in four roughly parallel heavily fractured zones where rocks were subject to metamorphism under stress and heat impacts. They consist of sulfide-bearing schists with veins of gray or milky-white quartz varieties. Gray quartz predominating in gold-bearing orebodies contains graphite and amorphous carbon identified by Raman spectroscopy; the contents of gold and amorphous carbon are in positive correlation. As inferred from thermobarometry, gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Raman spectroscopy of fluid inclusions in sulfides, carbonates, and gray and white quartz, gold mineralization formed under the effect of reduced H₂O-CO₂-HC fluids with temperatures of 180 to 490 °C, salinity of 9 to 22 wt.% NaCl equiv, and pressures of 0.1 to 2.3 kbar. Judging by the presence of 11% mantle helium (³He) in fluid inclusions from quartz and the sulfur isotope composition (7.1-17.4‰ δ³⁴S) of sulfides, ore-bearing fluids ascended from a mantle source along shear zones, where they “boiled”. While the fluids were ascending, the metalliferous S- and N-bearing hydrocarbon (HC) compounds they carried broke down to produce crystalline sulfides, gold, and disseminated graphite and amorphous carbon (the latter imparts the gray color to quartz). Barren veins of milky-white quartz formed from oxidized mainly aqueous fluids with a salinity of < 15 wt.% NaCl equiv at 150-350 °C. Chloride brines (> 30 wt.% NaCl equiv) at 150-260 °C impregnated the gold-bearing quartz veins and produced the lower strata of the hydrothermal-granitoid section. The gold mineralization (795-710 Ma) was roughly coeval to local high-temperature stress metamorphism (836-745 Ma) and intrusion of the Kalama multiphase complex (880-752 Ma).  相似文献   

Sugarloaf Mountain,central Arizona,USA: A small-scale example of Miocene basalt-rhyolite magma mixing to yield andesitic magmas     

Ellen J. Craig  R.V. Fodor 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2018,78(1):116-139

Sugarloaf Mountain is a 200-m high volcanic landform in central Arizona, USA, within the transition from the southern Basin and Range to the Colorado Plateau. It is composed of Miocene alkalic basalt (47.2–49.1?wt.% SiO₂; 6.7–7.7?wt.% MgO) and overlying andesite and dacite lavas (61.4–63.9?wt.% SiO₂; 3.5–4.7?wt.% MgO). Sugarloaf Mountain therefore offers an opportunity to evaluate the origin of andesite magmas with respect to coexisting basalt. Important for evaluating Sugarloaf basalt and andesite (plus dacite) is that the andesites contain basaltic minerals olivine (cores Fo_76-86) and clinopyroxene (～Fs_9-18Wo_35-44) coexisting with Na-plagioclase (An_48-28Or_1.4–7), quartz, amphibole, and minor orthopyroxene, biotite, and sanidine. Noteworthy is that andesite mineral textures include reaction and spongy zones and embayments in and on Na-plagioclase and quartz phenocrysts, where some reacted Na-plagioclases have higher-An mantles, plus some similarly reacted and embayed olivine, clinopyroxene, and amphibole phenocrysts.Fractional crystallization of Sugarloaf basaltic magmas cannot alone yield the andesites because their ～61 to 64?wt.% SiO₂ is attended by incompatible REE and HFSE abundances lower than in the basalts (e.g., Ce 77–105 in andesites vs 114–166?ppm in basalts; Zr 149–173 vs 183–237; Nb 21–25 vs 34–42). On the other hand, andesite mineral assemblages, textures, and compositions are consistent with basaltic magmas having mixed with rhyolitic magmas, provided the rhyolite(s) had relatively low REE and HFSE abundances. Linear binary mixing calculations yield good first approximation results for producing andesitic compositions from Sugarloaf basalt compositions and a central Arizona low-REE, low-HFSE rhyolite. For example, mixing proportions 52:48 of Sugarloaf basalt and low incompatible-element rhyolite yields a hybrid composition that matches Sugarloaf andesite well ? although we do not claim to have exact endmembers, but rather, viable proxies. Additionally, the observed mineral textures are all consistent with hot basalt magma mixing into rhyolite magma. Compositional differences among the phenocrysts of Na-plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole in the andesites suggest several mixing events, and amphibole thermobarometry calculates depths corresponding to 8–16?km and 850° to 980?°C. The amphibole P-T observed for a rather tight compositional range of andesite compositions is consistent with the gathering of several different basalt-rhyolite hybrids into a homogenizing ‘collection' zone prior to eruptions. We interpret Sugarloaf Mountain to represent basalt-rhyolite mixings on a relatively small scale as part of the large scale Miocene (～20 to 15 Ma) magmatism of central Arizona. A particular qualification for this example of hybridization, however, is that the rhyolite endmember have relatively low REE and HFSE abundances.  相似文献   

粉色水晶内针状包裹体的成分与分布特征研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

胡哲  郭颖 《岩矿测试》2018,37(3):306-312

粉色水晶内部的针状包裹体常被认为是三组呈三方对称的金红石或蓝线石,至今未有定论。本文选取含有针状包裹体的4颗星光粉晶,利用宝石学显微镜、激光拉曼光谱仪及紫外可见分光光度计对样品进行观察与测试,以确定包裹体的分布特征及矿物种类。无损拉曼测试发现包裹体的特征振动峰949 cm-1、999 cm-1与蓝线石标准峰相匹配,可确定针状包裹体为蓝线石或与其极为相近的矿物。放大检查发现,包裹体直径约0.5μm,长度可达毫米级,近定向分布,整体上呈汇聚状,在某些位置可粗略分为三组,同组针状包裹体近似平行分布。造成六射星光的三组蓝线石立体相交,未观察到明显的三方对称关系,与水晶的结晶习性无直接关系,故认为蓝线石为先成包裹体,在水晶的生长过程中被捕获。紫外可见分光光谱仅显示粉色蓝线石的特征吸收,表明大量的粉色蓝线石包裹体对粉色水晶的粉色有一定贡献。  相似文献   

秘鲁Don Javier斑岩铜钼矿床流体包裹体特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵宏军  王可勇  邱瑞照  陈秀法  卢民杰  王军  杨日红 《矿床地质》2018,37(5):1065-1078

Don Javier斑岩铜钼矿床位于南美安第斯成矿带中段,秘鲁中南部-智利北部巨型斑岩铜钼金多金属成矿带上,矿区主要出露Yarabamba超群花岗闪长岩岩基和英安斑岩岩体,矿体呈筒状,主要赋存在英安斑岩体及其围岩中,受NW向断裂构造控制。在野外地质调查的基础上,文章对矿床流体包裹体特征进行研究,并结合矿体产出形态特征,对成矿流体来源及演化进行探讨。对黄铁矿-石英和黄铜矿(辉钼矿)-石英2个成矿阶段的石英流体包裹体研究结果表明,成矿阶段矿石中发育富气相-液相、气液两相及含NaCl子矿物三相3种类型的原生流体包裹体,流体包裹体均一温度为287～499℃,含NaCl子矿物包裹体的盐度w(NaCleq)为30%～42%,密度为1.08～1.21 g/cm3,成矿流体属于中高温、高盐度的NaCl-H_2O体系,为岩浆热液来源的成矿流体。流体包裹体特征还表明,流体的沸腾作用是引起成矿流体中矿质发生沉淀富集的重要成矿机制。  相似文献   

安徽茶亭铜金矿床赋矿石英闪长玢岩黑云母成分特征及成岩成矿指示意义     

肖庆玲  周涛发  袁峰  王世伟  谢祖军  刘静 《矿床地质》2018,37(6):1179-1194

安徽宣城茶亭矿床位于长江中下游成矿带东南缘的南陵-宣城盆地内,是近年来该盆地内新发现的大型斑岩型Cu-Au矿床。石英闪长玢岩是茶亭矿床主要的赋矿岩石,文章从石英闪长玢岩的造岩矿物黑云母入手,利用EMPA及LA-ICP-MS等原位微区分析方法,对黑云母进行了详细的矿物化学分析,旨在查明赋矿石英闪长玢岩形成的物理化学条件,并探讨其成岩成矿意义。分析结果表明:茶亭赋矿石英闪长玢岩中黑云母具有高w(TiO_2)、低w(Al_2O_3)的特征,整体富Mg、贫Fe。黑云母温压计算结果表明,在不同深度上,石英闪长玢岩具有相似的结晶温度及压力,其结晶温度为746～773℃,压力为44～85 MPa,对应深度为1.7～3.3 km,平均为2.47 km,显示石英闪长玢岩侵位深度相对较浅。黑云母中高的氧化系数(0.613～0.864)、高Mg#(0.557～0.864),以及w(MgO)介于14.73%～15.86%,均显示石英闪长玢岩为壳幔混源,并且以幔源为主。黑云母成分显示石英闪长玢岩形成于较高氧逸度条件下。浅部岩体具有较高的X_(Mg)值,表明浅部岩体氧逸度较高,可能指示随着岩浆的不断演化,残余岩浆的氧逸度不断降低。同时,石英闪长玢岩黑云母相对一般斑岩型铜矿具有较高的w(Cu),并且高Cl、低F。这些特征均有利于茶亭Cu-Au矿床的形成。  相似文献   

内蒙古丰镇市泉子沟斑岩钼矿床成岩成矿年代学及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张明玉  李铁刚  陈公正  吴晓光  赵正  黄凡  吴昊  王国瑞  许立权  张彤 《矿床地质》2018,37(2):339-354

泉子沟斑岩钼矿床位于内蒙古丰镇市,地处华北克拉通北缘内蒙古台隆凉城断隆内。矿区出露一套燕山期花岗质杂岩体——红娘山杂岩体,主要由中粗粒花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩组成,钼矿体主要赋存于似斑状花岗岩中。文章在详细的野外地质调查基础上,对泉子沟矿床的成岩成矿时代进行了详细研究,并探讨了地质意义。5件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os模式年龄介于(158.8±2.2)Ma~(161.5±2.2)Ma之间,其加权平均值为(159.8±1.0)Ma(MSWD=0.92),等时线年龄为(161.7±3.1)Ma(MSWD=1.40)。红娘山杂岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为:中粗粒花岗岩结晶年龄为(173±1)Ma(MSWD=0.88),似斑状花岗岩侵位年龄为(162±1)Ma(MSWD=0.40),石英斑岩结晶年龄为(160±2)Ma(MSWD=1.90)。辉钼矿Re-Os和锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,泉子沟钼矿床形成于晚侏罗世早期,成矿与似斑状花岗岩关系密切。泉子沟钼矿床的辉钼矿w(Re)介于16.49×10~(-6)~32.87×10~(-6),暗示成矿物质主要来自下地壳。  相似文献   

内蒙古兴和县曹四夭超大型斑岩钼铅锌金成矿系统年代学及其地质意义     

范海洋  李铁刚  武文恒  张明玉  黄凡  赵正  张彤  许立权  李香资  权知心 《矿床地质》2018,37(2):355-370

曹四夭斑岩钼矿床位于内蒙古兴和县,是华北克拉通北缘最大的钼矿床。该矿床中部发育斑岩型钼矿体,外围和上部产出热液脉型铅锌金矿体。文章选取1件与斑岩钼矿化共生的绢云母样品进行了40Ar-39Ar定年,获得40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为(144.4±1.2)Ma,相应的39Ar/36Ar-40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为(146.4±2.2)Ma(MSWD=0.31),将等时线年龄认作绢云母的Ar封闭年龄,表明曹四夭斑岩钼矿化发生在约146 Ma前。选取14件脉型铅锌矿石中的闪锌矿、黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿样品开展了Rb-Sr定年,获得4件闪锌矿的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(145.1±3.0)Ma(MSWD=0.63);5件黄铁矿的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(145.2±1.3)Ma(MSWD=0.53);4件闪锌矿、5件黄铁矿和1件磁黄铁矿的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(145.3±1.0)Ma(MSWD=0.43)。硫化物Rb-Sr定年结果表明曹四夭矿床脉型铅锌矿化形成于约145 Ma前。本次绢云母40Ar-39Ar和硫化物Rb-Sr定年结果表明,曹四夭矿床斑岩型钼矿化和脉型铅锌金矿化为同期产物,两者均形成于晚侏罗世末期,属于同一个斑岩成矿系统。曹四夭矿床硫化物的w(Rb)和w(Sr)分别为0.1867×10~(-6)~1.305×10~(-6)和0.3175×10~(-6)~6.935×10~(-6),Sr同位素初始比值(87Sr/86Sr)i介于0.709 919~0.711 951之间,平均值0.710 952,结合前人获得的辉钼矿Re含量,认为曹四夭矿床的成矿物质主要来源于地壳。  相似文献   

延边农坪富金斑岩铜矿床花岗闪长斑岩年代学、地球化学及其地质意义     

乔石磊  马星华 《矿床地质》2018,37(2):387-402

农坪金铜矿床位于吉林省珲春市春化境内,是一座中型富金斑岩型矿床。文章采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法,对农坪含矿花岗闪长斑岩进行了锆石U-Pb分析,获得加权平均年龄为(95.6±1.6)Ma,表明花岗闪长斑岩形成于晚白垩世。地球化学分析显示,农坪含矿斑岩富碱(5.6%~6.7%),高Mg#(47~55)、富集LILE和LREE,亏损HFSE和HREE,高Sr/Y(32~57)、(La/Yb)N(10~21)比值,具有埃达克质岩石的特点,岩浆的形成可能存在壳幔混合及分离结晶作用。结合区域大地构造背景和同一构造带上其他矿床的形成时代和特征,笔者认为农坪矿床是晚白垩世古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆斜向俯冲背景下陆缘弧岩浆作用及热液活动的产物。  相似文献