Two-stage exhumation of subducted Saxothuringian continental crust records underplating in the subduction channel and collisional forced folding (Krkonoše-Jizera Mts., Bohemian Massif)     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2016

The Krkonoše-Jizera Massif in the northern part of the Variscan Bohemian Massif provides insight into the exhumation mechanisms for subducted continental crust. The studied region exposes a relatively large portion of a flat-lying subduction-related complex that extends approximately 50 km away from the paleosuture. wide extent of HP-LT metamorphism has been confirmed by new P-T estimates indicating temperatures of 400–450 °C at 14–16 kbar and 450–520 °C at 14–18 kbar for the easternmost and westernmost parts of the studied area, respectively. A detailed study of metamorphic assemblages associated with individual deformation fabrics together with analysis of quartz deformation microstructures and textures allowed characterisation of the observed deformation structures in terms of their subduction-exhumation memory. An integration of the lithostratigraphic, metamorphic and structural data documents a subduction of distal and proximal parts of the Saxothuringian passive margin to high-pressure conditions and their subsequent exhumation during two distinct stages. The initial stage of exhumation has an adiabatic character interpreted as the buoyancy driven return of continental material from the subduction channel resulting in underplating and progressive nappe stacking at the base of the Teplá-Barrandian upper plate. With the transition from continental subduction to continental collision during later stages of the convergence, the underplated high-pressure rocks were further exhumed due to shortening in the accretionary wedge. This shortening is associated with the formation of large-scale recumbent forced folds extending across the entire studied area.  相似文献   

Incipient metamorphism and deformation in the Variscides of SW Dyfed, Wales: first steps towards isotopic equilibrium   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

D. J. SLATER  B. W. D. YARDLEY  B. SPIRO  R. J. KNIPE 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1994,12(3):237-248

Incipient metamorphism accompanying thrusting, folding and cleavage development has been investigated in a varied sequence of Palaeozoic sediments near the Variscan front in SW Dyfed, Wales. The aim was to evaluate a critical stage in the progression from heterogeneous sediment, whose detrital phases are neither in equilibrium with one another, nor with pore fluids, through indurated sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock comprising newly formed crystals that equilibrated with one another as they grew. Quartz veins are widely developed in the area, especially in the more psammitic lithologies, while finer grained rocks became cleaved during tectonic deformation. Mineralogical constraints and fluid inclusion measurements suggest maximum temperatures around 200-310d? C (slightly higher in the Marloes-Musselwick Thrust Sheet than in other parts of the structural succession) at depths of the order of 6-13 km. Quartz veins yield distinctly heavier oxygen isotopic compositions than detrital quartz grains in the adjacent wall rocks, although care must be taken in interpreting the data because slivers of detrital grains may become incorporated into veins, while matrix detrital grains may incorporate veinlets or rims of newly formed quartz. It is concluded that vein quartz grew in isotopic equilibrium with a fluid phase whose isotopic composition was primarily controlled by exchange with phyllosilicates, not detrital quartz grains. Vein and matrix quartzes from the Marloes-Musselwick Thrust Sheet are distinctly lighter (δ¹⁸O_veins=+14 to +18% and δ¹⁸O_matrix=+11 to +14%) than those from other thrust sheets (δ¹⁸O =+17 to +20% and +14 to +17%, respectively). We conclude that vein quartz and phyllosilicate grains in cleavage domains probably attained equilibrium with a locally buffered pore fluid at the peak of metamorphism, but many relict grains of different chemical and isotopic composition remained elsewhere in the rock. Local fluid migration along veins and through cleavage lamellae facilitated the attainment of equilibrium, but there is little evidence for large-scale infiltration of externally derived fluids. With further metamorphism the quartz in these rocks would attain an isotopic composition intermediate between that of the heavy vein material and light detritus which coexist here.  相似文献   

Gymnospermes s.l. du Jurassique supérieur du massif Manamana,Sud-Ouest de Madagascar: une nouvelle paléoflore gondwanienne     

Georges Barale  Otto Appert 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2007,100(2):199-214

Fossil plants from Upper Jurassic sediments belonging to the Gymnosperms s.l. have been studied in the Manamana massif from the southwestern part of Madagascar. The levels are Upper Oxfordian in age on the basis of the palaeontological content, especially with ammonites. The majority of fossil plants are devoided of organic matter but in some cases collodion peels have been made to present epidermal characters. The cuticle of Brachyphyllum madagascariense nov. sp. has been observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). This new flora is constituted by Pteridospermales and Coniferales. Fragmentary fronds of Pteridospermales have been collected of Pachypteris sp. A and Pachypteris sp. B. Some epidermal characters are described. Coniferales are represented by leafy stems. The diagnosis of Brachyphyllum madagascariense nov. sp. is given with morphological and epidermal characters. Others conifers have been determined: Brachyphyllum sp. A, Brachyphyllum sp. B, Elatocladus sp., Cupressinocladus sp., Cyparissidium sp.. Araucarites sp. remains are probably isolated fertile scales of a female cone. Complete cones of Conites sp. are also present.Comparisons of the systematic composition are made with other Gondwana floras of the same age from Antarctica, South America, Madagascar, India, South Africa, New Zealand and Australia. This flora shows xerophytic adaptations. With the Filicales described by Appert (1973a, b) from the same localities, it is now the most diverse flora from the Upper Jurassic of Madagascar, despite the lack of Cycadales, Bennettitales and Angiosperms.  相似文献   

脊柱骨折PKP术中骨水泥灌注量的影像学研究          下载免费PDF全文

邓刚  张藜莉  张淑慧  吴戈  邓茂松  金光暐  尹晓明  刘建新  曾庆玉 《CT理论与应用研究》2016,25(5):555-561

目的:对单个胸腰椎椎体新鲜压缩骨折经皮穿刺椎体后凸成形术(PKP)手术患者影像检查进行分析,探索一种术前通过影像检查预测PKP术中骨水泥最佳灌注量的方法、标准及准确计算方式可行性。方法:收集2013年3月~2014年11月期间42例胸腰椎外伤后单个椎体新鲜压缩骨折并进行PKP手术患者,每例患者在术前不超过1周期间内都进行CT和MRI检查。回复性分析相关患者影像数据,并对每例患者影像资料进行多种后处理,对重建图像进行统计比较。结果:42例发生部位分别为T10椎体2例、5例T11、9例T12、11例L1、7例L2、5例L3和L4椎体3例。42个伤椎平均骨折压缩率为14.3±1.2%,PKP手术骨水泥灌注量为1.6~6.3 m L不等。结论:尝试通过术前CT和MRI检查的后处理预测PKP手术骨水泥最佳灌注量是可行的,能够达到更好的治疗效果,同时避免相关并发症。   相似文献   

中国东部晚白垩世恐龙化石集群埋藏特征及国内外对比   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王能盛  旷红伟  柳永清  彭楠  许欢章朋  汪明伟  王宝红  安伟 《古地理学报》2015,17(5):593-610

运用埋藏学与沉积地质学的研究方法与手段,对中国东部晚白垩世具有恐龙化石集群埋藏盆地中恐龙骨骼化石的埋藏地层层序与年代、埋藏骨骼化石特征、骨骼化石埋藏类型及其埋藏成因等进行了分析与总结,并将其产出时代、埋藏相、埋藏特征与国外进行了对比研究。研究认为:中国东部与国外相比,虽然化石产出的具体时期有所差异,但从恐龙种群、埋藏相及沉积地层学等方面均具有相似性,反映了晚白垩世全球古环境、古生态及古气候的相似性。(1)中国晚白垩世恐龙骨骼化石埋藏事件可分为早期与晚期2个阶段:早期的Cenomanian期与晚期的Santonian-Maastrichtian期。而国外晚白垩世恐龙骨骼化石埋藏事件只发生在晚期,在美洲及蒙古国发生在Campanian晚期,在欧洲则为Campanian-Maastrichtian期的过渡时期及Maastrichtian期。(2)中国埋藏骨骼化石种属以鸟脚类鸭嘴龙科与兽脚类恐龙为主,它们埋藏于紫红色地层中,埋藏环境主要为冲积扇与河流环境;美洲以鸭嘴龙科为主,欧洲与蒙古国的种群各地不相同,都埋藏于紫红色岩石地层中,埋藏环境主要为河流—泛滥平原。骨骼在不同沉积相组合地层中埋藏学特征各异,与古地理、古生态及古环境密切相关。(3)结合盆地中的化石埋藏学特征与盆地演化特征,总结了恐龙化石埋藏类型主要有原地埋藏与异地埋藏,盆地古地理格局变动、火山活动、古温度升高及古地震等事件的综合作用是可能的埋藏成因,并提出了恐龙化石的埋藏模式。此研究为揭示中国东部乃至全球晚白垩世的古地理、古气候及古生态环境及恐龙灭绝原因的探讨提供了新的材料与证据。  相似文献   

Sodium and potassium in the bones of penguin and skua revealed by EPR and SR-XRF technique     

谢周清  徐思琦  黄宇营  何伟  金嗣昭  孙立广 《极地研究(英文版)》2010,21(1):22-30

Penguin and skua in the maritime Antarctic have high salt loadings in the body due to almost exclusive diet consumption of marine invertebrates. However, the storage and turnover of sodium and potassium in these animals are poorly investigated. Here we determined the concentration and microscopic distribution of the two elements in the bones of penguin and skua. The average concentrations of sodium and potassium in penguin bone were comparable with that in skua bone (0.18% and 0.82% for penguin bone; 0.19% and 0.76% for skua bone in dry weight). The ratios of sodium to calcium and potassium to calcium (0.0330 and 0.0075 for penguin, 0.0335 and 0.0082 for skua in average by weight) were somewhat higher than the reported ratios for terrestrial animals, indicating these marine animals' bone enrichment of salt. The ratios of sodium to potassium in average by weight were 6.75 and 4.65 for penguin and skua, respectively. This value is much lower compared with the bulk sea water ratio of about 27.0, implying that potassium is favorable to reside in the bone rather than sodium. Both sodium and potassium were found to significant correlation with the content of organic materials in bone based upon the intensity of native signal determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). It was estimated that almost all of potassium is kept within the organic phases, while about 30% of sodium is stored in organic phases and the other 70% within mineral phase. The microscopic distributions of potassium in the cross-section and/or surface were revealed by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) technique. The ratio of potassium to calcium based upon the SR-XRF intensity counter varied considerably from the surface to the interior, and on the surface the highest concentration of potassium was observed in the middle section with decreasing amounts toward the edge. This indirectly documented that exchange of potassium between fluid and bone organic phase maybe occur.  相似文献   

基于TLS的恐龙骨骼化石风化监测研究     

刘瑞峰  段奇三  张丽霞  刘洪亮  姚英强  商婷婷  王心兵 《地球学报》2020,41(4):554-560

本文针对恐龙骨骼化石保护中化石风化状态难以监测的问题,采用地面三维激光扫描(TLS)方法获取化石表面的精细三维点云数据,通过间隔7个月前后两期三维数据对比,分析化石表面因风化作用产生的变化。选取山东诸城恐龙化石产地2处恐龙骨骼化石进行了两期数据采集并对化石表面整体及其裂缝进行分析,发现在监测周期内,监测对象整体无明显变化,局部存在斑状变化(偏差达0.7 mm),主要裂缝区域变化小于0.2 mm。实验结果表明本文采取的监测方法可以监测化石亚毫米级变化,对同类化石风化监测提供了参考。  相似文献   

藏西南仲巴一带古人类活动遗迹的发现与研究     

张振利  李广栋  孙肖  张计东  刘洪章  专少鹏  李先  魏文通 《贵州地质》2006,23(1):12-19

于2000-2005年在藏西南地区进行1：25万区域地质调查中,先后发现了古人类活动遗迹点13处,共采集到各类石器、古陶片、骨片等1697件,为雪域高原古人类发展演化研究提供了十分珍贵的资料。经研究认为,主要为中石器文化时代的产物,部分有新石器文化的叠加,仅个别为旧石器文化时代的产物。  相似文献   

半滑舌鳎骨形态发生蛋白2基因的克隆、表达分析及启动子活性分析     

马骞  范艳君  庄志猛  柳淑芳 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(2):76-84

骨形态发生蛋白2（BMP2）在脊椎动物的骨形成、尤其是诱导成骨方面具有至关重要的作用。本研究克隆了半滑舌鳎（Cynoglossussemilaevis）BMP2基因的cDNA序列,分析其在半滑舌鳎成鱼的组织表达差异及其在早期发育阶段的定位和表达变化趋势,并检测了其启动子活性。研究结果表明,半滑舌鳎BMP2基因cDNA全长为2048bp,编码422个氨基酸。BMP2mRNA在半滑舌鳎成鱼的14个组织中具有广泛的分布,并在脊髓中表达量最高。此外,BMP2基因在早期胚胎发育阶段（原肠期）具有极高水平的表达,其表达量约为其他发育阶段表达量的10倍。整体原位杂交检测结果表明,BMP2mRNA在1日龄仔鱼主要在冠状幼鳍、心和肝表达,在脊索有微量表达;随后,3日龄仔鱼的BMP2mRNA主要表达于脊索。通过对BMP2基因5''上游调控区片段进行启动子活性分析,发现了-179～+109片段可能包含启动子活性增强原件,生物信息学预测该片段包含的锌指转录因子等可能参与了BMP2的转录调控。  相似文献   

珊瑚羟基磷灰石人工骨物理化学性质研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李兆麟  李文  薄遵昭  尹庆水  张余  于波  邸文 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2007,26(1):52-56

将天然矿物材料珊瑚经自行设计的创新工艺流程“热液交换反应”合成出珊瑚羟基磷灰石(CHA)。利用扫描电镜、电镜图像处理、扫描电镜能谱、化学分析、ICP-AES和X射线衍射等方法测定其物理化学性质,并应用于临床。自行研制的CHA人工骨色白,孔隙率为25.87%~53.58%,与人骨及原珊瑚的孔隙率近似,莫氏硬度为3~4,抗压强度4.87~12.31MPa。化学成分:CaO=53.13%~64.09%,P2O5=35.52%~46.48%),CaO/P2O5=1.143~1.804。ICP-AES分析共测定24种微量元素,除Ca、P、K、Na、Al及Sr含量较高外,Pb、Co、Ni、Ba、Mn、Cr、Th、V、Cu、Ti、Mo、Zn、Mg、Nb、Be、Sc、Na和Li等,其质量分数均在(n~10n)×10-6范围,为人体所能承受含量。测试结果表明,人工骨色泽、孔隙结构和化学成分与人骨相近,具良好的生物相容性和骨传导性。临床应用60余例,无毒,无副作用,成骨能力强,是一种良好的骨移植替代品。  相似文献