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991.
高速铁路轨道的稳定性和平顺性是高速铁路正常运营的关键,因此对运营期高速铁路的轨下结构持续地开展变形监测是十分必要的.当前我国对轨道板变形的检测主要是依靠人工肉眼观察式的现场检查和常规水准测量方式进行监测,效率低下,难以在有限的天窗时间内完成辖区内轨道结构的全覆盖检测.基于此,从理论分析和实验测试两方面探讨机械光栅式测缝... 相似文献
992.
通过对“十五”数字化水温分钟值与模拟水温整点值自2008年以来针对省内及周边地区发生的5．0级以上地震前后的水温动态特征进行对比分析,结果表明：“十五”数字化水温分钟值动态在省内及周边地区发生地震前出现短临、临震异常,比模拟水温整点值明显,“十五”数字化水温异常的特点是：在震前出现周期形态消失或周期突跳畸变,震后周期形态恢复较快。“十五”数字化观测采样率高,震前短临、临震异常特征明显,对临震预报预测具有较高的实用价值。 相似文献
993.
简述了川东TS—HNT地区飞仙关组鲕粒储层的地质特征及其储集性能,并介绍了鲕滩储层的测井响应特征。飞仙关组鲕滩储层以孔隙（洞）型为主,具有溶蚀孔洞发育、局部有少量裂缝、储层孔隙结构复杂等特点。准确的确定储层物性参数和岩性是测井解释评价的基础。通过对钻井取芯资料和测井资料的分析研究,对储层四性关系进行分析,建立了适合本区的储层参数测井解释模型,提高了储层物性参数的计算精度;针对研究区鲕滩碳酸盐岩储层孔隙结构复杂、孔渗关系变化多样的特点,以常规测井资料为基础,结合岩芯分析数据及试气投产资料,给出了储层综合测井解释成果,且测井解释结果与实际情况相一致。 相似文献
994.
ABSTRACTSeries of observed flood intervals, defined as the time intervals between successive flood peaks over a threshold, were extracted directly from 11 approximately 100-year streamflow datasets from Queensland, Australia. A range of discharge thresholds were analysed that correspond to return periods of approximately 3.7 months to 6.3 years. Flood interval histograms at South East Queensland gauges were consistently unimodal whereas those of the North and Central Queensland sites were often multimodal. The exponential probability distribution (pd) is often used to describe interval exceedence probabilities, but fitting utilizing the Anderson-Darling statistic found little evidence that it is the most suitable. The fatigue life pd dominated sub-year return periods (<1 year), often transitioning to a log Pearson 3 pd at above-year return periods. Fatigue life pd is used in analysis of the lifetime to structural failure when a threshold is exceeded, and this paper demonstrates its relevance also to the elapsed time between above-threshold floods. At most sites, the interval medians were substantially less than the means for sub-year return periods. Statistically the median is a better measure of the central tendency of skewed distributions but the mean is generally used in practice to describe the classical concept of flood return period.
Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Associate editor I. Nalbantis 相似文献
995.
Reconstruction of a flash flood with large wood transport and its influence on hazard patterns in an ungauged mountain basin 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
V. Ruiz‐Villanueva J. M. Bodoque A. Díez‐Herrero M. A. Eguibar E. Pardo‐Igúzquiza 《水文研究》2013,27(24):3424-3437
The reconstruction of past flash floods in ungauged basins leads to a high level of uncertainty, which increases if other processes are involved such as the transport of large wood material. An important flash flood occurred in 1997 in Venero Claro (Central Spain), causing significant economic losses. The wood material clogged bridge sections, raising the water level upstream. The aim of this study was to reconstruct this event, analysing the influence of woody debris transport on the flood hazard pattern. Because the reach in question was affected by backwater effects due to bridge clogging, using only high water mark or palaeostage indicators may overestimate discharges, and so other methods are required to estimate peak flows. Therefore, the peak discharge was estimated (123 ± 18 m3 s–1) using indirect methods, but one‐dimensional hydraulic simulation was also used to validate these indirect estimates through an iterative process (127 ± 33 m3 s–1) and reconstruct the bridge obstruction to obtain the blockage ratio during the 1997 event (~48%) and the bridge clogging curves. Rainfall–Runoff modelling with stochastic simulation of different rainfall field configurations also helped to confirm that a peak discharge greater than 150 m3 s–1 is very unlikely to occur and that the estimated discharge range is consistent with the estimated rainfall amount (233 ± 27 mm). It was observed that the backwater effect due to the obstruction (water level ~7 m) made the 1997 flood (~35‐year return period) equivalent to the 50‐year flood. This allowed the equivalent return period to be defined as the recurrence interval of an event of specified magnitude, which, where large woody debris is present, is equivalent in water depth and extent of flooded area to a more extreme event of greater magnitude. These results highlight the need to include obstruction phenomena in flood hazard analysis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
996.
R. Domínguez M. 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3):460-478
Abstract The estimation and review of discharge flow rates in hydraulic works is a fundamental problem in water management. In the case of dams with large regulating capacity, in order to estimate return periods of discharge flow rates from the spillways, it becomes necessary to consider both peak flow and volume of the incoming floods. In this paper, the results of the validation for several methods of assessing design floods for spillways of dams with a large flood control capacity are presented; the validation is performed by comparing the maximum outflows (or the maximum levels reached in the reservoir) obtained from the routing of the design floods with those obtained from the routing of the historical annual maximum floods. The basin of Malpaso Dam, Mexico, is used as the case study. Editor D. Koutsoyiannis Citation Domínguez, M.R. and Arganis, J.M.L., 2012. Validation of methods to estimate design discharge flow rates for dam spillways with large regulating capacity. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (3), 460–478. 相似文献
997.
针对现有单站电离层行波扰动指数(Single Receiver TID Index,SRTI)探测中尺度电离层行波扰动时探测周期范围有限的问题,本文提出了一种改进的SRTI方法,以提高探测扰动周期的适用范围.介绍了利用SRTI和改进的SRTI探测中尺度电离层行波扰动的原理,从理论上分析比较了二者探测扰动周期范围的能力,并采用美国加州南部的5个IGS站2012年年积日189的GPS观测数据,对电离层扰动进行了分析.结果显示在21∶30—23∶00LT时,扰动观测序列存在周期为15min和39min的扰动波,但是现有SRTI方法只探测到了前者,而改进的SRTI法很好地探测到了两个周期的扰动波,表明其对短周期和较长周期的扰动均具有较好的灵敏性.利用改进的SRTI法计算的扰动观测序列,应用傅里叶变换相位差分法估计了电离层扰动的传播参数,其结果总体上与前人研究成果一致,这表明改进的SRTI法完全可以应用于电离层行波扰动的研究中,而且由于计算简单,在处理大量数据时具有一定优势. 相似文献
998.
This paper presents a simple and stable procedure for the estimation of periods and dampings of piled shear buildings taking soil–structure interaction into account. A substructuring methodology that includes the three-dimensional character of the foundations is used. The structure is analyzed as founded on an elastic homogeneous half-space and excited by vertically incident S waves. The strategies proposed in the literature to estimate the period and damping are revised, and a modified strategy is proposed including crossed impedances and all damping terms. Ready-to-use graphs are presented for the estimation of flexible-base period and damping in terms of their fixed-base values and the system configuration. Maximum shear forces together with base displacement and rocking peak response are also provided. It is shown that cross-coupled impedances and kinematic interaction factors need to be taken into account to obtain accurate results for piled buildings. 相似文献
999.
利用1970年以来积累的仪器记录地震目录资料,基于G-R关系的应变积累释放模型,研究了鄂尔多斯块体周缘的应变积累释放分期特征及其所处的应变状态。结果表明,块体周缘的应变积累释放具有明显的两阶段分期特征,其周缘整体的应变释放和积累的分界线大致在公元2000年左右。块体周缘以及块体北缘、东缘、西缘目前均处于应变积累状态,应变积累时间均超过10年,未来将进入应变释放阶段,应变释放强度最大的为块体北缘、其次是块体的东缘和西缘;释放的应变量分别相当于6.5级和6.0级左右地震强度。南缘仍处于应变积累释放的起伏阶段。 相似文献
1000.
文章利用通辽地区10个站点1971—2007年37a逐日雷暴统计资料,建立雷暴日数及雷暴次数的时间序列。通过趋势分析、小波分析等统计方法对通辽地区的雷暴特征进行分析,得出了通辽地区雷暴的地理分布特征、年代际及年际变化特征、月际变化特征、日变化特征、初雷和终雷日及持续期变化特征、震荡周期性等结果。 相似文献