化学生态调控对鳌山湾氮磷营养盐的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

辛福言  陈碧鹃  曲克明  崔毅  赵俊  过锋  袁有宪 《海洋学报》2002,24(3):136-141

鳌山湾,是一个营养类型特殊的海湾,湾中基本无径流输入,呈“C”字形,封闭性较强,水较浅,湾内主要有筏式扇贝养殖和底播贝类养殖,沿岸有滩涂池塘养殖.根据1996年11月至1998年5月的调查结果得知,鳌山湾海域为贫营养海域[1,2].为探讨贫营养海域进行化学生态调控的可能性,利用鳌山湾的封闭性,根据其水交换规律[3],于1999年6月首次对鳌山湾进行了全湾规模较大的化学生态调控试验,旨在有效提高鳌山湾的营养水平,为今后在贫营养海域合理发展海水养殖业提供科学依据,获得了十分理想的效果.  相似文献   

化学物质对硬壳蛤幼虫变态的诱导     

张涛  杨红生  周毅  何义朝  张福绥 《海洋科学》2005,29(12):59-67

用KCl、肾上腺素（EPI）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、L—DOPA和GABA（γ-氨基丁酸）进行了不同浓度不同处理时间对硬壳蛤（Mercenaria mercenaria L ）幼虫变态诱导实验。结果表明，KCl、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和DDOPA对硬壳蛤幼虫的变态均有诱导作用，而GABA的诱导作用不显著。KCl的最佳诱导浓度随处理时间不同而有所不同。处理时间为1～24，48，72h时KCl的最佳诱导浓度分别为33．56，20．13～26．85，13．42mmol／L。肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的诱导作用与浓度和处理时间均有关。肾上腺素的最佳处理浓度为100μmol／L，最佳处理时间均为8h，此时幼虫变态率提高最大，为36．97个百分点。当去甲肾上腺素的诱导浓度为100μmol／L，处理时间为8～16h时，幼虫变态率提高也较大，均大于18个百分点，死亡率增加，但均低于30个百分点，当去甲肾上腺素诱导浓度为500μmol／L时，虽然在8～16h的处理时间范围内，幼虫变态提高率也较大，均大于18个百分点，但当处理时间超过8h，在16～48h范围内，幼虫死亡率提高明显增大，均大于50个百分点。L-DOPA的适宜诱导浓度为10～50μmol／L，适宜处理时间为8～24h，此时幼虫变态率均提高30个百分点以上，最高可提高79．43个百分点。GABA的诱导作用较弱，最佳诱导浓度随处理时间的不同而有所不同，处理时间为24h和48h时，最佳诱导浓度为0．1μmol／L；处理时间为0．5～16h时，最佳诱导浓度为100μmol／L。  相似文献   

Composition and Useful Properties of Tailings of Marine Manganese Nodules and Crusts     

Zhimin Bai  John C. Wiltshire 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2005,23(1):13-24

Marine manganese nodules and crusts, when processed, yield tailings which may be utilized for environmental and economic benefit. The key to the reasonable and effective utilization of these tailings lies in making a systematic appraisal of their composition and properties. This article gives an introduction to the investigation of manganese tailings properties. The tailings have a high iron and/or manganese content, high surface area, high porosity, and fine grain size. Some tailings have a high rare earth element content which is valuable. They may also have high SO₃, arsenic, and uranium contents which are harmful. Depending on the process used to produce the tailings, there will likely be some differences in chemical composition, mineral assemblages, surface area and adsorption capability, pore diameter and volume, density and pH. In assigning potentially beneficial applications for these tailings, these differences should be taken into account to optimize utilization.  相似文献   

Environmental impact of chemical wastes produced by the salmon aquaculture industry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Haya  K.; Burridge  L. E.; Chang  B. D. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(2):492-496

  相似文献   

南极中山站大气气溶胶的化学组成及其来源的判别   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

黄自强  暨卫东  杨绪林  黄荣坦  汤荣坤  于涛  张功勋 《台湾海峡》2003,22(3):334-346

从1998年3月7日至1999年11月23日历时21个月，在南极中山站连续采集89个海洋气溶胶样品，本文提供全部样品的13种化学元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Fe、Al、Mn、Cr、V、K、Na、Ca、Mg含量的实测值．研究表明中山站气溶胶化学成份的含量具有季节性变化的特征．通过相关分析、因子分析、富集因子等方法判别不同时间段中山站气溶胶化学成份的来源。  相似文献   

Environmental characteristics of the Mandovi-Zuari estuarine system in Goa   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S.Z. Qasim  R. Sen Gupta 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1981,13(5):557-578

  相似文献   

南海西南部晚更新世以来元素地球化学特征的古环境意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

乔培军  邵磊  杨守业 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2006,26(4):59-65

对南海西南部近湄公河三角洲中陆坡上的MD01-2392站样品进行的地球化学分析表明,该站的沉积物主要为湄公河带来的陆源碎屑,并且其物源四十万年来没有发生明显变化。分别用元素TiO2、CaO估算出沉积物中陆源碎屑的含量及CaCO3的含量,结果显示CaCO3在间冰期时高,而在冰期时低,表现出“大西洋旋回”的特征。陆源碎屑含量与CaCO3含量相反,显示出南海CaCO3旋回属于稀释旋回。元素的Ti标准化值表明,该站沉积物源区在冰期时化学风化弱,而在间冰期时相对较强,说明间冰期时物源区存在相对温暖湿润的气候环境。  相似文献   

Risk assessment of TBT in the Japanese short-neck clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) of Tokyo Bay using a chemical fate model     

Fumio Horiguchi  Kisaburo Nakata  Naganori Ito  Ken Okawa 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,70(4):589

A risk assessment of Tributyltin (TBT) in Tokyo Bay was conducted using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) method at the species level using the Japanese short-neck clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. The assessment endpoint was defined to protect R. philippinarum in Tokyo Bay from TBT (growth effects). A No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) for this species with respect to growth reduction induced by TBT was estimated from experimental results published in the scientific literature. Sources of TBT in this study were assumed to be commercial vessels in harbors and navigation routes. Concentrations of TBT in Tokyo Bay were estimated using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, an ecosystem model and a chemical fate model. MOEs for this species were estimated for the years 1990, 2000, and 2007. Estimated MOEs for R. philippinarum for 1990, 2000, and 2007 were approximately 1–3, 10, and 100, respectively, indicating a declining temporal trend in the probability of adverse growth effects.A simplified software package called RAMTB was developed by incorporating the chemical fate model and the databases of seasonal flow fields and distributions of organic substances (phytoplankton and detritus) in Tokyo Bay, simulated by the hydrodynamic and ecological model, respectively.  相似文献   

An overview of the Oyashio ecosystem   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Yasunori Sakurai   《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2526

The Oyashio shelf region and the seasonally ice-covered areas north of Hokkaido are highly productive, supporting a wide range of species including marine mammals, seabirds and commercially important species in the western subarctic Pacific. The fishes include gadids, such as walleye pollock and Pacific cod, and subarctic migratory pelagic fishes such as chum salmon and pink salmon. It is also an important summer feeding ground for subtropical migrants such as the Japanese sardine, Japanese anchovy, Pacific saury, mackerels, Japanese common squid, whales and seabirds. In recent decades, some components of the Oyashio ecosystem (i.e., phytoplankton, mesozooplankton, gadid fish, and subtropical migrants) have shown changes in species abundance or distribution that are correlated with environmental changes such as the 1976/1977 and 1988/1989 regime shifts. The First Oyashio Intrusion moved northward from the mid-1960s until the late 1970s, when it moved southward until the 1980s, after which it returned to the north again after the mid-1990s. The sea-surface temperature in spring decreased after the late 1970s, increased after the late 1980s, and remained high during the 1990s. The extent of ice cover in the Sea of Okhostk also decreased during the latest warming in the 1980–1990s but has increased again since the late 1990s. This and other variabilities affect the Oyashio ecosystem and the surrounding region.  相似文献   

珠江口水域化学耗氧量、溶解氧、无机磷与有机磷的三维水质数学模拟   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

林卫强  李适宇 《海洋学报》2003,25(3):129-137

珠江沿岸城市排污量大,对污染源治理能力十分有限,大量污染物通过河流或直接排放到珠江口,河口区半封闭的地形及潮水顶托使得污染物不易输送出外海,致使珠江口水质恶化,原有海洋生态环境遭到破坏,反过来制约了经济的发展.  相似文献