A comparative study of four vulnerability mapping methods in a detritic aquifer under mediterranean climatic conditions     

M. Draoui  J. Vias  B. Andreo  K. Targuisti  J. Stitou El Messari 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(3):455-463

This paper presents the results of a comparative study relating to the application of four vulnerability mapping methods, GOD, AVI, DRASTIC and SINTACS, in a pilot detritic aquifer situated in NW Morocco, known as the Martil–Alila aquifer. The principal objective of this work is to determine the most suitable such methods for this aquifer type within a Mediterranean context, and to show the effect of the rainfall variations that are characteristic of the Mediterranean climate on the degree of vulnerability. The methods applied distinguish five classes of vulnerability, these being irregularly divided up in space, with the division varying according to the method in question. The vulnerability maps obtained by the different methods strongly suggest that the eastern half of the aquifer is more vulnerable to contamination than the western half, for all hydrological situations. The effect of climatic conditions on the degree of vulnerability is well represented by the DRASTIC, according to which the aquifer is moderately to strongly vulnerable during humid hydrological years and weakly to moderately vulnerable during dry ones. For the other methods, this climatic effect is limited to the area occupied by the two predominant classes (“High” and “Low” for GOD and “High” and “Moderate” for SINTACS) while it is null for AVI. In conclusion, DRASTIC appears the most suitable for mapping the vulnerability to contamination of Mediterranean coastal detritic aquifers such as the Martil–Alila aquifer.  相似文献   

Deciphering potential groundwater zone in hard rock through the application of GIS   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

R. K. Prasad  N. C. Mondal  Pallavi Banerjee  M. V. Nandakumar  V. S. Singh 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(3):467-475

Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science, which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. It allows manipulation and analysis of individual layer of spatial data. It is used for analysing and modelling the interrelationship between the layers. This paper mainly deals with the integrated approach of Remote Sensing and geographical information system (GIS) to delineate groundwater potential zones in hard rock terrain. The remotely sensed data at the scale of 1:50,000 and topographical information from available maps, have been used for the preparation of ground water prospective map by integrating geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage-density and lineaments map of the study area. Further, the data on yield of aquifer, as observed from existing bore wells in the area, has been used to validate the groundwater potential map. The final result depicts the favourable prospective zones in the study area and can be helpful in better planning and management of groundwater resources especially in hard rock terrains.  相似文献   

Modeling of water–rock interactions in an aquitard of sandy clay in the coastal area near Beihai,China     

Zhou?XunEmail author  Yao?Jinmei  Zhang?Hua  Li?Rui  Xu?Fang 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(1):183-188

Unconsolidated sand, gravel and clay deposits near Beihai and in the Leizhou Peninsula in southern China form an unconfined aquifer, aquitard and a confined aquifer. Water and soil samples were collected from the two aquifers in the coastal Beihai area for the determination of chemical compositions, minerals and soluble ions. Hydrogeochemical modeling of three flow paths through the aquitard are carried out using PHREEQC to determine water–rock interactions along the flow paths. The results indicate that the dissolution of anorthite, fluorite, halite, rhodochrosite and CO₂, and precipitation of potash feldspar and kaolinite may be occurring when groundwater leaks through the aquitard from the unconfined aquifer to the confined aquifer. Cation exchanges between Na and Ca can also happen along the flow paths.  相似文献   

Groundwater recharge of carbonate aquifers of the Silesian-Cracow Triassic (southern Poland) under human impact     

Andrzej Kowalczyk  Andrzej J. Witkowski 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(2):235-246

A Triassic carbonate unit has been intensively drained by zinc and lead ore mines and numerous borehole fields since the nineteenth century. Its groundwater recharge has increased due to: pumping of water from boreholes, mining activity, and urbanization. An approach to determine the amounts of the recharge at a variety of spatial scales is presented in the paper. Different methods were used to identify and quantify recharge components on a regional and local scale: mathematical modelling was performed for four aquifers included in an aquifer system, an analytical estimation based on the assumption that an average recharge is equal to the average discharge of the hydrogeological system—for six man-made drainage centres, and the method of water level fluctuation (WLF) was applied in one observation borehole. Results of modelling have been supplemented by observation of environmental tracers (δ¹⁸O, δ²H, ³H), noble gases temperatures, and ⁴He_exc in groundwater. The regional aquifer’s current recharge according to estimations performed by means of modelling varies from 39 to 101 mm/year on average. Depending on the aquifer site the average precipitation ranges from 779 to 864 mm/year. In the confined part of the aquifer average recharge ranges from 26 to 61 mm/year. Within outcrops average recharge varies from 96 to 370 mm/year. Current recharge estimated by the analytical method for man-made drainage centres varies from 158 up to 440 mm/year. High values are caused by different recharge sources like precipitation, induced leakage from shallow aquifers, and water losses from streams, water mains and sewer systems. Pumping of water, mining and municipal activities constitute additional factors accounting for the intensified recharge.  相似文献   

Methodology of hydrogeological characterization of deep carbonate aquifers as potential reservoirs of groundwater. Case of study: the Jurassic aquifer of <Emphasis Type="Italic">El Maestrazgo</Emphasis> (Castellón,Spain)     

M. Mejías  J. Garcia-Orellana  J. L. Plata  M. Marina  E. Garcia-Solsona  B. Ballesteros  P. Masqué  J. López  C. Fernández-Arrojo 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(3):521-536

A methodology for the characterization of deep carbonate aquifers has been developed and applied to El Maestrazgo Jurassic aquifer in Castellón, Spain. Characterization of these aquifer formations, located at more than 300 m deep, consisted of a previous phase of compilation, analysis and synthesis of the existing information about the area, followed by a coordinated combination of different speciality studies: geology, stratigraphy, structural analysis, hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geophysics and remote sensing. Geological studies included geological mapping, definition of stratigraphical units and facies and structural analysis. The aim of the hydrogeology study was to define aquifer formations, recharge area, aquifer points inventory and groundwater flow directions for the establishment of piezometric and water quality observation nets. Special techniques were applied, like thermal infrared aerial images and the evaluation of submarine groundwater discharge by means of natural radium isotopes. Hydrochemical techniques, including majority elements characterization and stable isotopes (¹⁸O, ²H and ³H) determination, allowed classifying hydrochemical facies and establishing a renewal pattern for water within the system. Geophysics was useful in determining the aquifer geometry, the features of the basement and the petrophysical characteristics of the geological formations. Preliminary results show an important tectonic complexity and the possibilities for groundwater uses in the area of study.  相似文献   

辽宁省海洋环境保护与海岸带可持续开发利用     

刘现明 《海岸工程》1995,14(4):33-36

在分析综合辽宁省海岸带调查和沿海经济贝类污染监测资料基础上，根据辽宁海岸带水质，沉积物和生物污染现状及发展趋势。针对所存在的问题，讨论了辽宁省海洋污染特别是赤潮对海洋资源的破坏，并在组织机构，地方立法，海岸带环境保护规划，污染源控制与整体环境改进，监测方案等方面提出了建设海上辽宁、加强辽宁省海洋环境保护与海岸可持续开发利用的建议。  相似文献   

浙江省海岛沿岸水域微生物生态分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

史君贤  陈忠元 《海洋学研究》1996,14(2):35-43

文章报道了浙江海岛沿岸水域中异养细菌、氨化细菌和反硝化细菌的数量分布及异养细菌的种群组成。结果表明：本调查海区异养细菌的数量较多，其数量分布范围在２．０４×１０４～８．３６×１０６个／ｄｍ３之间；氨化细菌数量分布范围在３．０×１０３～１．１×１０６个／ｄｍ３之间；反硝化细菌的数量分布范围在３．０×１０２～１．１－１０６个／ｄｍ３之间。细菌的数量与环境中营养盐的浓度之间存在密切关系。在不同的海区异养细菌的种群组成存在一定的差异，在浙北海区，革兰氏阴性菌所占比例为４１．６％，在浙中海区为４６．９％，在浙南海区为６４．９％。  相似文献   

南海区重点岸段海岸侵蚀现状成因分析与防治对策   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘孟兰  郑西来  韩联民  林端  罗一丹  方宏达  柯东胜  彭晓娟  陈嘉辉 《海洋通报》2007,26(4):80-84

在2003年与2006年对南海区琼州海峡两岸重点岸段(雷州市徐闻县龙塘镇赤坎村岸段、海南省海口市镇海村岸段和新海村岸段)的海岸侵蚀进行了现场监测,测量了侵蚀的长度、宽度和面积。对两年现场测量结果进行比较分析,结果表明:海岸侵蚀长度的平均速度为200m/a,宽度的平均速度为20m/a,面积的平均速度为4000m2/a。应用了地质分析、水动力分析、极端海洋气候影响分析等新的理论和方法重点分析了海岸侵蚀的成因,并提出了一些对策,供相关部门参考。  相似文献   

亚热带沿海景观的旅游保护性开发及建设探讨--以福建沿海为例     

翁毅  周永章  张伟强  储德平 《台湾海峡》2006,25(2):285-294

依据地貌学和风景学的角度,福建沿海景观以闽江口和九龙江口为界可分为3个景观亚区,并具有多样性与复杂性、动态性与脆弱性和关联性与分异性等特征.本文运用景观生态的原理研究沿海景观的构成与格局,在沿海景观的分类和特征概括的基础上,探讨福建沿海景观旅游开发与建设的模式.通过维护沿海景观系统的稳定,优化沿海各景观亚区的分布格局,提高沿海景观的整体舒适性和挖掘文化景观的内涵等应对措施以实现福建沿海旅游的科学发展.  相似文献   

深圳发展东部滨海旅游度假区的前景探析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨群  盛红 《海岸工程》2003,22(3):70-75

深圳具备优良的海滨旅游资源，但其滨海旅游特色一直体现得不够充分，滨海度假旅游品牌在全国以至海外的影响力还很有限。深圳最近对东部滨海地区的发展进行了总体规划，根据深圳东部滨海地区发展现状和发展规划，就开发深圳东部滨海旅游度假胜地、将东部滨海旅游度假区打造成为具有国际水准的、以滨海休闲度假为特色的黄金海岸旅游胜地提出了的几点建议。  相似文献