陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿床黄铁矿标型特征          下载免费PDF全文

刘爽  刘新会  魏宽义 《地质找矿论丛》2005,20(Z1):20-23

金矿床中黄铁矿的化学元素、晶体形态、粒度等标型特征与其形成的物理化学环境及介质条件密切相关.通过对陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿区主要载金矿物黄铁矿在韧性剪切变形-构造分异热液期与脆性剪切变形-构造分异热液期化学元素含量对比,以及黄铁矿形态、粒度分析,研究黄铁矿与金矿物关系.丁家林-太阳坪金矿黄铁矿形态以{100}、{210}单晶及{100} {210}聚晶为其标型.黄铁矿在空间分布特征来看,深部成矿的可能性不大.应沿丁家林-太阳坪脆-韧性剪切带寻找金矿.  相似文献   

CCSD HP-UHP变质岩石英脉和东海水晶中有机包裹体的发现及其意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

徐莉 孙晓明翟伟  梁业恒汤倩 梁金龙 《地质学报》2007,81(5):654-658,I0002

荧光显微镜下观察、激光拉曼和显微红外测试,首次在CCSDHP-UHP变质岩石英脉和东海水晶中发现了含有沥青和烃类的有机包裹体,进一步证实大别-苏鲁超高压变质带曾经历了快速的俯冲与折返过程,俯冲板块沉积物中的有机质未能充分地演化和成熟。俯冲板块在进变质过程中强烈脱水,释放出含烃流体,并被在板块抬升及其伴随的减压重结晶和退变质过程中形成的石英脉和水晶体所俘获。  相似文献   

Bedform morphology of salmon spawning areas in a large gravel-bed river     

Timothy P. Hanrahan   《Geomorphology》2007,86(3-4):529-536

While the importance of river channel morphology to salmon spawning habitat is increasingly recognized, quantitative measures of the relationships between channel morphology and habitat use are lacking. Such quantitative measures are necessary as management and regulatory agencies within the Pacific Northwest region of the USA, and elsewhere, seek to quantify potential spawning habitat and develop recovery goals for declining salmon populations. The objective of this study was to determine if fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning areas in the Snake River, Idaho, USA, were correlated with specific bedform types at the pool–riffle scale. A bedform differencing technique was used to objectively quantify the longitudinal riverbed profile into four distinct pool–riffle units that were independent of discharge. The vertical location of thalweg points within these units was quantified with a riffle proximity index. Chinook salmon spawning areas were mapped and correlated with the pool–riffle units through the use of cross-tabulation tables. The results indicate that 84% of fall Chinook salmon spawning areas were correlated with riffles (χ² = 57.5, df = 3, p < 0.001), with 53% of those areas located on the upstream side of riffle crests. The majority of Snake River fall Chinook salmon spawning occurred at elevations greater than 80% of the difference in elevation between the nearest riffle crest and pool bottom. The analyses of bedform morphology will assist regional fish managers in quantifying existing and potential fall Chinook salmon spawning habitat, and will provide a quantitative framework for evaluating general ecological implications of channel morphology in large gravel-bed rivers.  相似文献   

Morphology of step-pools in a wilderness headwater stream: The importance of standardizing geomorphic measurements   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Aaron Nickolotsky  Robert T. Pavlowsky   《Geomorphology》2007,83(3-4):294

The morphology of step-pools and cascades reflect the geological and climatic factors affecting channels in mountain watersheds. This study uses longitudinal and cross-section surveys to describe a headwater stream in the Boston Mountains of the Ozarks Plateau region in Arkansas and develop morphological relationships for comparisons with other regions. In the Bowers Hollow Creek watershed (3.5 km²), located within the boundaries of the Upper Buffalo Wilderness Area, step height and wavelength relationships are generally similar to those reported from other regions. Step-pool reaches were widely distributed in a discontinuous manner throughout the watershed. Average values of the sampled reaches are: reach slopes, 0.105 m/m; width, 6.10 m; crest particle sizes, 440 mm; step heights, 0.87 m; and step wavelengths, 6.62 m. The mean step steepness for the watershed was 0.13, whereas the mean length of a reach step to height ratio was 9:1. A comparison of morphological definitions found that the values of step height and steepness can vary by > 30% according to how step parameters are defined. Step height is particularly sensitive; thus, comparison of step height-based relationships from published data requires great care.  相似文献   

X-ray diffraction investigation of native Si-Fe alloy minerals from Luobusha, Tibet     

Li Guowu  Shi Nicheng  Xiong Ming  Ma Zhesheng  Bai Wenji  Fang Qingsong 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2007,1(1):21-25

The origin of native Si-Fe alloy mineral is thought to be related with mantle and aerolite. The native Si-Fe alloy minerals from podiform chromites of the Luobusha ophiolite in the Yarlong Zangbo suture zone were examined by a new method for powder-like diffractograms of small single crystals, using an SMART APEX-CCD area-detector X-ray diffractometer. The powder diffraction pattern shows that the minerals are composed of FeSi, FeSi₂, β-FeSi₂ and native silicon. The association of these minerals suggests that the crystallization order of the mineral may be from early to late FeSi→FeSi₂→native silicon, accompanied by gradually increasing deoxidization. Translated from Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 2005, 24(5): 453–456 [译自: 岩石矿物学杂志]  相似文献   

Fossil nothofagaceous leaves from the Eocene of western Antarctica and their bearing on the origin, dispersal and systematics of Nothofagus     

Li HaoMin  Zhou ZheKun 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(10):1525-1535

Fossil leaves resembling Nothofagaceae have been investigated from the Eocene of western Antarctica and a new form genus Nothofagofolia is proposed for these kinds of fossils. Some new specimens belonging to this form genus are described. They were collected from the Fossil Hill locality of Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, western Antarctica. Two new species, two new combinations and an unnamed species are reported. A number of published Nothofagus leaf fossils from the same locality are discussed and revised. As a result of these studies of Nothofagus leaf morphology, we conclude that (1) Nothofagus probably originated in high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere during the middle-late Late Cretaceous and diversified, dispersed gradually to the lower latitudes of the same hemisphere; (2) leaf morphological characters are significant for the systematics of the family Nothofagaceae, especially at the intrageneric level; and (3) extant species of Nothofagus known from southern temperate areas have more primitive leaf morphological characters and lower leaf ranks than those from tropical mountains as well as those of the Fagaceae and Betulaceae. Supported by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology & Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaoentology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 013106), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30670159) and the Fund of Innovation Program by Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  相似文献   

Morphology of the Itapeva to Tramandai transgressive dunefield barrier system and mid‐ to late Holocene sea level change     

Patrick A. Hesp  Sergio Rebello Dillenburg  Eduardo Guimaraes Barboza  Luiz C. P. Clerot  Luiz J. Tomazelli  Ricardo Norberto Ayup Zouain 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2007,32(3):407-414

The surface morphology of the transgressive dunefield barrier extending from Itapeva to Tramandai along the northern littoral of Rio Grande do Sul, is examined and an attempt is presented to link morphological changes across the barrier to Holocene sea level changes. The 4·5 km wide Holocene barrier displays two typical morphologies: an inner part dominated by large‐scale, continuous alongshore, overlapping dunefield phases comprising sand sheets, dunes, deflation plains and precipitation ridges; and an outer part dominated by discontinuous, medium‐ to small‐scale, triangular to lobate transgressive dunefield phases, cut by both active and relict (palaeo‐) creeks or washouts. Holocene sea level in the region rose to c. +1 to +3 m above present reaching a maximum around 5100 years bp and then progressively fell to the present level. We argue that the effect on barrier development was to suppress the development of a drainage system during the rising and maximum stages, and encourage the development of an organized drainage system in the form of regularly spaced washouts during the falling period, and that this change in sea level from rising to falling therefore produced the large‐scale differences in barrier morphology. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Transport and deposition of large woody debris in streams: a flume experiment   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Christian A. Braudrick  Gordon E. Grant 《Geomorphology》2001,41(4)

Large woody debris (LWD) is an integral component of forested streams of the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere, yet little is known about how far wood is transported and where it is deposited in streams. In this paper, we report the results of flume experiments that examine interactions among hydraulics, channel geometry, transport distance and deposition of floating wood. These experiments were carried out in a 1.22-m-wide×9.14-m-long gravel bed flume using wooden dowels of various sizes as surrogate logs. Channel planforms were either self-formed or created by hand, and ranged from meanders to alternate bars. Floating pieces tended to orient with long axes parallel to flow in the center of the channel. Pieces were deposited where channel depth was less than buoyant depth, typically at the head of mid-channel bars, in shallow zones where flow expanded, and on the outside of bends. We hypothesize that the distance logs travel may be a function of the channel's debris roughness, a dimensionless index incorporating ratios of piece length and diameter to channel width, depth and sinuosity. Travel distance decreased as the ratio of piece length to both channel width and radius of curvature increased, but the relative importance of these variables changed with channel planform. Large pieces can move further than our debris roughness models predict if greater than 50% of the active channel area is deeper than the buoyant depth of the piece, or if momentum is high enough to carry pieces across shallows. Our debris roughness model allows first-order prediction of the amount of wood transport under various channel geometries.  相似文献   

Structure refinement of astrophyllite   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马喆生  李国武  施倪承  周湖云  叶大年 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2001,44(6):508-516

The crystal structure of astrophyllite K₂Na(Fe, Mn, Mg,□)₇[Ti₂(Si₄O₁₂)₂|O₃](OH, F)₄ has been refined. The dimensions of the triclinic unit cell are: a = 0.5359(2) nm,b = 1.1614(4) nm, c = 1.1861(4) nm, α= 113.16(2)°, β= 103.04(2)°,γ= 94.56(2)°,V = 0.6495(5) nm³, Z= 1, space group P1, R=0.057 for 5308 reflections |F_o|>3σ|F_o|. According to structural and compositional differences the monoclinic astrophyllite K₂NaNa(Fe, Mn)₄Mg₂Ti2[Si₄O₁₂]₂(OH)₄(OH, F)₂ and astrophyllite should be considered as two different mineral species. Astrophyllite, monoclinic astrophyllite, bafertisite and lamprophyllite contain heteropolyhedral sheets which topologically are related with Si, O sheets of mica where one or several SiO₄ tetrahedra are replaced by TiO _n polyhedra. Therefore this heterophyllotitanosilicate series represents a kind of functional substitution in inorganic crystals.  相似文献   

黄铁矿的微量元素及热电性和晶体形态分析   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14  

胡楚雁 《现代地质》2001,15(2):238-241

金矿床中黄铁矿的微量元素、热电性、晶体形态等标形特征与其形成的物理化学环境及介质条件密切相关。该标型特征在判别不同矿化类型、揭露金矿床空间的变化规律、评价矿体和预测深部矿体等方面都具有一定的代表性和典型性。同时 ,黄铁矿微量元素的分析方法具有易于采样、易于分析、经济有效、方便实用的特点 ,是金矿找矿矿物学研究及应用中行之有效的方法。  相似文献