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51.
The Egyptian older and younger granitic rocks emplaced during pre- and post-collision stages of Neoproterozoic Pan-African orogeny, respectively, are widely distributed in the southern Sinai Peninsula, constituting 70% of the basement outcrops. The Wadi El-Akhder, southwestern Sinai, is a mountainous terrain exposing two granitoid suites, namely the Wadi El-Akhder Older Granites (AOG) and the Homra Younger Granites (HYG). The AOG (granodiorites with subordinate tonalite compositions) have geochemical characteristics of medium-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous to mildly peraluminous granitoids formed in an island-arc environment, which are conformable with well-known Egyptian older granitoids rocks, whereas the HYG display calc-alkaline to slightly alkaline nature, peraluminous syeno-, monzogranites and alkali feldspar granites matching well those of the Egyptian younger granites. With respect to the AOG granitoids, the HYG granites contain lower Al2O3, FeO*, MgO, MnO, CaO, TiO2, Sr, Ba, and V, but higher Na2O, K2O, Nb, Zr, Th, and Rb. The AOG are generally characterized by enrichment in LILE and LREE and depletion in HFSE relative to N-MORB values (e.g., negative Nb and Ta anomalies). The geochemical features of the AOG follow assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) trends indicative of extensive crustal contamination of magma derived from a mantle source. The chemical characteristics of the AOG are remarkably similar to those of subduction-related granitoids from the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS). The compositional variations from monzogranites through syenogranites to alkali feldspar granite within HYG could not be explained by fractional crystallization solely. Correlating the whole-rock composition of the HYG to melts generated by experimental dehydration melting of meta-sedimentary and magmatic rocks reveals that they appear to be derived by extended melting of psammitic and pelitic metasediments, which is similar to the most of younger granitic suites in the ANS. 相似文献
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53.
A garnet population in Yellowknife schist, Canada 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
R. KRETZ 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1993,11(1):101-120
Abstract Data are presented on a garnet population in a specimen of garnet-biotite-plagioclase-quartz schist from the cordierite zone of an Archaean thermal dome in the Southern Slave Province of the Canadian Shield. Garnet crystals are bounded by planar dodecahedral faces and by trapezohedral faces which on the 10-μm scale are corrugated. Crystal distribution, as revealed by dissection of a small cubic volume of rock, is random. The size distribution is normal, with a mean diameter of 0.81 mm and a standard deviation of 0.32 mm. In the largest crystal of the population (mean radius 0.83 mm), [Mn] = 100 Mn/(Fe + Mg + Mn + Ca) decreases from 14.5 at the centre to 7.5 and then increases in the outer margin to 8.5; [Fe] increases continuously from 67 at the centre to 77 at the surface; [Mg] increases from 12.5 to 13.5 and then falls sharply to 11; [Ca] remains unchanged at 4.0 and then drops to 3.3. Progressively smaller crystals have progressively lower [Mn] and higher [Fe] concentrations at their centres, while all crystals have the same margin composition. Growth vectors extending from given concentration contours to crystal surfaces are of equal length regardless of the size of the crystal in which the vector is located. A garnet-forming model is presented in which reaction was initiated by a rise in temperature. Nucleation sites were randomly selected. The nucleation rate increased with time and then declined. Crystal faces advanced at a constant linear rate, which implies an increase in volume proportional to surface area. Initially, the composition of garnet deposited on crystal surfaces was determined by van Laar equations of equilibrium, which demanded the withdrawal of Mn and Fe from within chlorite crystals. This transfer reaction was then accompanied by an ion exchange reaction which moved Mn and Fe to garnet surfaces from biotite, in exchange for Mg. The exchange reaction provides an explanation for the high overall concentration of Mn and Fe in garnet and for the observed Mn and Mg reversals in the margins of crystals. The increase of garnet volume in the garnet population is found to be parabolic, i.e. Vαα5. 相似文献
54.
具有重要岩石学和构造学意义的科马提岩,最吸引人同时又最令人困惑的特征之一是它的鬣刺结构和分层构造。本文从喷出地表的岩桨冷凝时温度分布、熔体性质与结晶作用的密切联系,把科马提岩浆喷发形成的岩流作为一个冷凝整体。通过与金属铸锭浇注成形和矿石冶炼生产的比较,发现它们在冷凝固结过程中温度场特征、熔体的性质、结晶能力和结晶方式都有十分相似的特点,并以此为出发点详细解析了科马提岩的鬣刺结构和岩石分层构造的形成 相似文献
55.
胶东金矿成矿系列硫同位素研究 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:24
胶东金矿的早晚两期成矿系列中,岩浆成因或在岩浆期即有天然水和表生矿质加入的矿床,δ^34S值均有自早而晚依次降低的规律。为重熔岩浆分异成矿理论和成矿系列的建立提供了重要证据。焦家式和某些晚期矿床,在形成矿液后有表生硫加入,扰乱了这一规律性。胶东群中的硫同位素没有达到均匀化,副变质岩偏重,而斜长角闪岩偏轻,接近陨石硫值,是近似原始岩浆的产物。 相似文献
56.
土地类型系列制图的几个理论问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实际存在的不同尺度地域分异规律是土地类型系列制图的客观基础。多种尺度制图构成的土地类型系列制图可以全面揭示区域土地类型的形成因素、分布规律和空间结构特征,也为不同层次土地规划管理之间的相互补充、协调提供了重要基础。 相似文献
57.
中国饮食文化的区域分化和发展趋势 总被引:30,自引:2,他引:30
现代地理学主要研究地球表层的“地体”与“地象”的区域特征和地域分异的时空发展规律。以食品和菜肴为“地体”,与餐饮有关的文化作为“地象”出发,本文通过饮食文化的地域分异、菜系的形成,中国四大菜系的比较研究,阐述中国饮食文化的区域特征和地域分化的时空发展规律,并预测其发展趋势。 相似文献
58.
以岷江冲积物、黄壤残积物发育成的水稻土为对照,研究了紫色砂岩泥岩母质发育成的紫色水稻土氧化铁的形态及其含量和转化。揭示了紫色水稻土具有无定形铁含量,铁活化度较高,氧化铁的转化作用较弱等独特的发生特性。 相似文献
59.
60.
喀拉通克铜镍硫化矿区二、三号矿床的两个岩体为隐伏的中-基性岩体,受北西向断裂的控制,侵位于石炭统南明水组上段之下部地层中,为岩浆熔离型铜镍硫化矿床。矿物成分以磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿、黄铜矿为主。有用元素除铜、镍外,尚伴生有金、银、铂、色、钴、硫可综合利用。它国内外同类型矿床相比,具有成岩、成矿时代新,岩体基性程度低、铜大于镍等特点,因而又具有新的地质找矿意义。 相似文献