Late Pleistocene deep-water circulation in the subantarctic eastern Atlantic     

Andreas Mackensen  Miriam Rudolph  Gerhard Kuhn 《Global and Planetary Change》2001,30(3-4)

We present three new benthic foraminiferal δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O, and total organic carbon time series from the eastern Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean between 41°S and 47°S. The measured glacial δ¹³C values belong to the lowest hitherto reported. We demonstrate a coincidence between depleted late Holocene (LH) δ¹³C values and positions of sites relative to ocean surface productivity. A correction of +0.3 to +0.4 [‰ VPDB] for a productivity-induced depletion of Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) benthic δ¹³C values of these cores is suggested. The new data are compiled with published data from 13 sediment cores from the eastern Atlantic Ocean between 19°S and 47°S, and the regional deep and bottom water circulation is reconstructed for LH (4–0 ka) and LGM (22–16 ka) times. This extends earlier eastern Atlantic-wide synoptic reconstructions which suffered from the lack of data south of 20°S. A conceptual model of LGM deep-water circulation is discussed that, after correction of southernmost cores below the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) for a productivity-induced artifact, suggests a reduced formation of both North Atlantic Deep Water in the northern Atlantic and bottom water in the southwestern Weddell Sea. This reduction was compensated for by the formation of deep water in the zone of extended winter sea-ice coverage at the northern rim of the Weddell Sea, where air–sea gas exchange was reduced. This shift from LGM deep-water formation in the region south of the ACC to Holocene bottom water formation in the southwestern Weddell Sea, can explain lower preformed δ¹³C_DIC values of glacial circumantarctic deep water of approximately 0.3‰ to 0.4‰. Our reconstruction brings Atlantic and Southern Ocean δ¹³C and Cd/Ca data into better agreement, but is in conflict, however, with a scenario of an essentially unchanged thermohaline deep circulation on a global scale. Benthic δ¹⁸O-derived LGM bottom water temperatures, by 1.9°C and 0.3°C lower than during the LH at deepest southern and shallowest northern sites, respectively, agree with the here proposed reconstruction of deep-water circulation in the eastern South Atlantic Ocean.  相似文献   

济阳坳陷车15井区浊积扇沉积及油气勘探意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

彭勇民宋传春  王登稳罗 群 黄捍东 《中国地质》2011,38(5):1289-1297

根据岩心、地震、测录井资料,在济阳坳陷车镇凹陷车15井区的沙三下砂砾体中识别出滑塌浊积扇和深水浊积扇。其中,车古25井以具水道补给的(有根的)滑塌浊积扇为特色;内扇及水道最发育,为碎屑流夹浊流的巨砾岩、中细砾岩(厚10～20 m)与砾质砂岩夹薄层深灰、灰色泥岩;崩塌成因的巨砾(大小1.06 m)反映了陡的斜坡;地震上呈楔状外形,内扇为弱反射,中扇与外扇为发散、亚平行的连续反射。车57井以粒度偏细且有根的深水浊积扇与深湖相互层为特色;中扇发育,为厚(5～11 m)的水道碎屑流细砾岩与砾质砂岩,夹深灰色泥岩;水道沉积表现为钟型测井曲线。顺水道方向滑塌浊积扇由北而南产生进积,向盆出现深水浊积扇;2类扇体沿主构造线串珠状排列,包裹于大片的深湖相中,呈现"深湖包扇"的沉积格局。不同类型浊积扇的识别及其边界的确定,对于该区隐蔽圈闭勘探具有重要意义。  相似文献   

基于ADCP反向散射强度估算悬沙浓度在洋山港的应用研究     

张志林  邓乾焕  朱巧云  钱峰 《水文》2011,31(2):62-68

洋山深水港地形差异大,流态复杂,在宽阔的西口门和窄深东口门,以传统方法同步开展悬沙输移监测十分困难。详述了在颗珠山汊道应用ADCP走航测沙的实现方法,结论显示,与传统代表垂线法成果相比,通过ADCP声反向散射信号计算的垂线平均含沙量,其对比标准差约为6%,随机不确定度在12%(置信水平为95%)左右,误差分布基本成正态,两种方法之间的断面输沙率相关系数达到0.96,可见,利用ADCP的声反向散射信号,只要标定得当,在洋山港区得到的垂线平均含沙量和断面输沙率是可信的,该技术将为洋山港区关键控制断面悬沙监测提供新思路。  相似文献   

利用AVO正反演技术识别深水凹陷气层   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

万欢  朱江梅  梁立锋  但志伟  任科英  刘秀娟 《物探化探计算技术》2013,35(5)

针对深水凹陷莺二段地质条件复杂,地震资料信噪比较低、烃检困难等难点,利用琼东南盆地陵水凹陷地气勘探阶段的钻孔资料及测井资料,应用zoeppritz方程进行射线数字模拟,研究该区典型气层及水层段的反射特征和AVO特征,对深水区坡折带低信噪比资料进行了保幅去噪及道集拉平处理,对常规的碳氢指示因子进行了改进.经结果表明:改进的碳氢指示因子对第三类及第四类AVO异常检测卓有成效,第四类AVO异常对于深水勘探有重要意义.  相似文献   

湖相深水块状砂岩特征、成因及发育模式——以南堡凹陷东营组为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

鲜本忠  万锦峰  董艳蕾  马乾  张建国 《岩石学报》2013,29(9):3287-3299

块状砂岩因其厚度大、储层物性较好而成为深水沉积油气勘探开发中最重要的目标。沉积构造相对简单,但变化迅速且组构特征多变。为了探索不同块状砂岩的成因及其联系,建立预测性地质模型,首先将南堡凹陷东营组深水块状砂岩分为2类8种岩相和10种岩相组合,其中单期砂层顶部常含漂浮状砾石,形态多变、内外源均有。本区块状砂岩成分成熟度差,结构成熟度不稳定,粒度累积概率曲线反映了3种搬运过程:多流体改造型、三角洲前缘继承型和混杂快速冻结型。成因分析认为,块状砂岩以砂质碎屑流搬运为主,真正碎屑流和颗粒流次之,并见部分砂质滑塌成因;常与浊流、泥流、泥质滑塌沉积伴生,发育5种相序组合,其中砂质碎屑流-浊流、砂质碎屑流-泥流组合最常见。高密度流体内沉积物浓度分层与特殊的流速剖面共同控制下塑性层流与牛顿紊流间的界面控制了漂浮状砾石搬运和沉积。最后,建立了陡坡带外源型、陡坡带内源型和缓坡地内源型深水沉积过程及块状砂岩发育模式,为断陷盆地深水沉积砂岩储层的预测提供了新思路。  相似文献   

珠江口盆地白云凹陷沉积演化模式与油气成藏关系探讨          下载免费PDF全文

吴伟中  夏斌  姜正龙  罗张屏 《沉积与特提斯地质》2013,33(1):25-33

在现有的钻井、测井、地球物理及古生物等资料的基础上,应用储层沉积学、层序地层学等方法,深入研究了白云凹陷沉积充填演化模式及其展布规律。由于受重大构造事件、气候、物源供给、古地理和海平面变化等多种因素的影响,白云凹陷形成了独特的三层结构及多类型盆地叠置的沉积体系,其对深水油气形成及其分布富集特征等均具有深刻的影响和制约。同时,笔者在上述研究的基础上,还综合分析了白云深水区烃源岩生烃潜力、储盖组合及深水扇沉积体系与油气运聚成藏之间的成因耦合关系。白云凹陷深水扇圈闭成藏的烃源应以恩平组烃源岩的贡献为主,凹陷主体应以深水扇储层及其形成的各种圈闭为目标,周边以23.8Ma以前的浅水砂岩储层及其大型披覆构造为勘探重点,以期获得深水油气勘探的新突破。  相似文献   

琼东南盆地陵南低凸起深水钻井岩心的稀土元素地球化学特征及其意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙志鹏  翟世奎  修淳  刘新宇  宗统  罗威  刘晓锋  陈奎  李娜 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(12):81-95

A geochemical analysis of rare-earth elements(REEs) in 97 samples collected from the core of deep-water Well LS-A located at the Lingnan Low Uplift Area of the Qiongdongnan Basin is conducted, with the purpose of revealing the changes of sedimentary source and environment in the study region since Oligocene and evaluating the response of geochemical characteristics of REEs to the tectonic evolution. In the core samples, both ∑REE and ∑LREE(LREE is short for light-group REEs) fluctuate in a relatively wide range, while ∑HREE(HREE is short for heavy-group REEs) maintains a relatively stable level. With the stratigraphic chronology becoming newer, both ∑REE and ∑LREE show a gradually rising trend overall. The ∑REE of the core is relatively high from the bottom of Yacheng Formation(at a well depth of 4 207 m) to the top of Ledong Formation, and the REEs show partitioning characteristics of the enrichment of LREE, the stable content of HREE, and the negative anomaly of Eu to varying degrees. Overall the geochemical characteristics of REEs are relatively approximate to those of China's neritic sediments and loess, with significant "continental orientation". The ∑REE of the core is relatively low in the lower part of Yacheng Formation(at a well depth of 4 207–4 330 m), as shown by the REEs partitioning characteristics of the depletion of LREE, the relative enrichment of HREE, and the positive anomaly of Eu; the geochemical characteristics of REEs are approximate to those of oceanic crust and basalt overall, indicating that the provenance is primarily composed of volcanic eruption matters. As shown by the analyses based on sequence stratigraphy and mineralogy, the provenance in study region in the early Oligocene mainly resulted from the volcanic materials of the peripheral uplift areas; the continental margin materials from the north contributed only insignificantly; the provenance developed to a certain extent in the late Oligocene. Since the Miocene, the provenance has ceaselessly expanded from proximal to distal realm, embodying a characteristic of multi-source sedimentation. In the core strata with 31.5, 28.4, 25.5, 23, and 16 Ma from today, the geochemical parameters of REEs and Th/Sc ratio have significant saltation, embodying the tectonic movement events in the evolution of the Qiongdongnan Basin. In the tectonic evolution history of the South China Sea, the South China Sea Movement(34–25 Ma BP, early expansion of the South China Sea), Baiyun Movement(23 Ma BP), late expansion movement(23.5–16.5 Ma BP), expansion-settlement transition, and other important events are all clearly recorded by the geochemical characteristics of REEs in the core.  相似文献   

关于南海北部深水重力流沉积问题的讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞雄  柳保军  颜承志  刘军  李元平 《海洋学报》2012,34(3):114-119

深水沉积主要泛指陆架以外的沉积,尤以沉积物重力流成因的沉积受到深水油气勘探界的关注,它的沉积成因、过程和相组成均与河流、三角洲、浅海等牵引流沉积有很大的差异。当前南海北部大规模深水勘探已经全面展开,正确认识深水重力流沉积具有重要意义,但由于我国油气勘探对深水重力流沉积缺乏勘探实践,目前对深水重力流沉积有不同的理解,如深水重力流沉积一定要在多深的水下沉积,深水重力流沉积的判识一定要有深水环境的标志,深水重力流沉积作用保留在地层中的沉积层理构造特征一定是重力流流态的等。通过南海北部深水实钻资料和沉积体系的研究,认为深水重力流沉积具有偶发而动、沿坡搬运、择低而积、有限分布的特点。陆架坡折带以外的粗陆源碎屑沉积以重力流沉积成因为主,低位体系域的重力流更易于发育砂岩储层。陆坡区深水重力流沉积的特点表明储层识别是深水勘探的关键工作。  相似文献   

Three new records of deep-water goniasterids (Echinodermata: Asteroidea: Goniasteridae) from China seas     

肖宁  廖玉麟 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(5):1036-1044

In this paper,three deep-water species of the family Goniasteridae,Ceramaster misakiensis(Goto,1914),Nymphaster arthrocnemis Fisher,1913 and Pontioceramus grandis Fisher,1911,are recorded for the first time from Chinese waters based on collections deposited in the Marine Biological Museum,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The specimens examined were collected during the period 1956 to 1978 from the East China and South China Seas at depths of 184 to 472 m.Diagnosis,detailed figures,and the geographic distributions are provided.A revised list of Goniasteridae recorded from Chinese waters is proposed.  相似文献   

桂西南柳桥地区深水相二叠系-三叠系界线剖面   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

蒙有言  冯庆来  何卫红  顾松竹  金雨溪  张凡 《地层学杂志》2005,29(4):323-332

桂西南柳桥地区上二叠统为厚约84m的浅灰—灰白色块状海绵蓝藻生物灰岩(生物礁),之上为浅灰绿色—暗灰色薄层状含远洋浮游生物硅质岩、含泥质硅质岩、硅质泥岩(大隆组),这套深水相的沉积岩夹有大量浅灰白色的粘土岩。上覆的三叠系罗楼组底部为黄色泥岩,夹多层灰白色粘土岩,往上渐变为灰色薄层状含大量双壳类、菊石化石的钙质泥岩、泥灰岩。柳桥地区晚二叠世末期沉积岩和中基性火山岩的特征显示其是在地壳裂解、快速沉降、相对海平面快速上升过程中迅速淹没台地边缘的生物礁而形成的深水相海盆,造成深水盆地与浅水台地并存,具有多岛洋的地理分布格局。东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面的露头完整,对剖面的岩石学特征、生物化石组合特征等方面的详细研究显示,该地区一直处于连续沉积的深水环境中,没有发生沉积间断,界线上下的岩石特征和生物组合特征较清楚。  相似文献