采动及渗流作用下隔水土层破坏规律研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张杰  杨涛  田云鹏  王斌 《岩土力学》2015,36(1):219-224

为了研究土层隔水层在采动及渗流作用下的破坏规律,采用了固-液耦合相似材料模拟试验研究和土层破坏理论分析。试验表明,在采用的长壁间隔式开采中,浅埋煤层中的组合关键层破断后进入裂隙带,隔水土层协调运动进入弯曲下沉带。该开采方法改变了岩层的运动破坏规律,抑制了采动裂隙在隔水土层中的发展,避免了导水裂隙与含水层贯通,达到了保护土层的采动隔水性目的。土层变形、破坏理论分析表明,组合关键层的破断距亦即对应土层的跨距,在弯曲下沉过程中没达到变形破坏极限跨距,不会产生导水裂隙,满足保持隔水性能的判据。现场开采实践证明,试验工作面开采后未出现潜水渗漏。该方法并已成功实现多个工作面的保水开采。  相似文献   

皖北矿区环境地质问题及防治     

陈松  桂和荣  孙林华  马艳平 《中国煤炭地质》2009,(7):41-44

在分析研究区自然地理环境和地质构造的基础上,采用大量调查数据对皖北矿区环境地质问题进行了系统的分析,分析结果表明：区内主要有地面塌陷、水资源破坏、土地资源破坏、瓦斯突出、水土流失等环境地质问题。通过对各类环境地质问题的现状、形成原因和危害的进一步研究,提出了采取＂一疏二平三改造＂的方法对塌陷进行治理,煤矸石的综合利用,瓦斯、水的防治与利用等防治措施,并对矿区环境防治的投资、管理提出建议。  相似文献   

断裂对盖层封气综合能力破坏程度的研究方法及其应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王伟  付广  胡欣蕾 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,47(3)

为了研究断裂在油气成藏与分布中的作用,在分析盖层封气综合能力及其研究方法的基础上,利用天然气在剩余压力作用下通过盖层向外渗滤散失压力梯度的大小,表征盖层封气综合能力的好坏;依据被断裂破坏前后盖层封气综合能力差值与被断裂破坏前盖层封气综合能力的比值,建立了一套断裂对盖层封气综合能力破坏程度的定量研究方法。以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷南堡5号构造东二段泥岩盖层为例,对NP5-2断裂对东二段泥岩盖层封气综合能力的破坏程度进行了定量研究。结果表明:南堡5号构造NP5-2断裂对东二段泥岩盖层封气综合能力的破坏程度较高,除L6测线处为弱破坏程度和L1、L5、L8测线处为中等破坏程度外,其余5条测线处均可达到较强和强破坏程度;且NP5-2断裂对东二段泥岩盖层封气综合能力的破坏程度西部强于东部,这与东二段泥岩盖层之下储气层中目前已发现的天然气主要分布在断裂东部相吻合。该方法用于定量研究断裂对盖层封气综合能力破坏程度是可行的。  相似文献   

Potential anticancer activity analysis of piscidin 5-like from Larimichthys crocea     

Libing Zheng  Jiayin Qiu  Huihui Liu  Changfeng Chi  Longshan Lin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(3):53-60

Antitumor activity is one characteristic function of some certain antimicrobial peptides(AMPs) found in recent years. In the present study, we attempted to detect potential anticancer activity of a recombinant piscidin 5-like from Larimichthys crocea(r Lc-P5L) which owned widely antibacterial and strong antiparasitic activity in vitro.The light microscope observation indicated r Lc-P5L was of antitumor activity to He La cells, 293 T cells and L929 cells. MTT assay showed the toxic sensitivity of...  相似文献   

基于断层滑动数据反演的燕山中西段晚中生代古构造应力场:对华北克拉通破坏峰期应力状态的启示     

高健翁  林逸  张长厚  丁照月  侯丽玉  黄滢竹 《现代地质》2019,33(5):919-936

在燕山中西段晚中生代岩体中的116个观测点中共采集到2 321组断层和破裂面滑动数据,利用Tensor软件进行古构造应力状态反演。将反演结果与区域构造变形及构造演化过程研究结果相结合,发现研究区在侏罗纪末-白垩纪初以来存在5期可识别的构造应力场:(1)晚侏罗世末-早白垩世初近N-S向挤压应力场(D1,148~127 Ma);(2)早白垩世NW-SE向挤压应力场(D2,143~127 Ma);(3)垂向挤压主导的多向水平伸展应力场(D3,120~110 Ma);(4)NE-SW向挤压(D4);(5)E-W向挤压的应力场(D5)。D1和D2可能分别与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋消减关闭作用的远程构造效应,以及古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块下的俯冲作用有关,且这两大构造系统在该时期可能同时作用于燕山地区。D3期应力场可能反映源自壳下深部地幔活动引起的垂向挤压动力作用。D4、D5期应力场相对较弱,其动力学背景尚待今后研究进一步分析。本区古构造应力场研究结果表明,华北克拉通破坏峰期期间,主要的伸展作用并不完全符合西太平洋板块后撤主导的被动伸展裂谷模型,而是表现为深部地幔活动引起的垂向挤压作用主导的水平方向多向伸展。  相似文献   

爆生气体的准静态破岩特性     

宗琦 《岩土力学》1997,18(2):73-78

在分析爆生气体膨胀规律的基础上，建立了炮孔周围岩石中的准静态应力场，探讨了爆生气体的爆破致裂作用和扩腔作用。  相似文献   

煤层开采覆岩破坏的层析成像研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

冯锐  林宣明 《地球物理学报》1996,39(1):114-124

用电磁波层析技术对邵武煤矿煤层开采后的覆岩破坏进行了探测，分析了吸收系数、介电常数和电导率的关系及数值范围，根据地质资料进行了综合解释．所得结果较准确地重现了地下结构的形态、裂隙带的位置和煤层开采后的变化过程，指导了对破碎带的成功堵漏，解决了生产中的一个难题．  相似文献   

PHC管桩静载荷试验破坏模式初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱家文  石振明 《上海国土资源》2002,(3):49-53

通过对PHC管桩静载荷试验曲线形态、Q－S曲线特征点和桩顶柔度分析，归纳出几点地基破坏和桩身破坏的不同特征，提出一种预测单桩极限承载力的方法。  相似文献   

Instantaneous global ozone balance including observed nitrogen dioxide     

Susan Solomon  Harold S. Johnston  Marta Kowalczyk  Ivan Wilson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1980,118(1):58-85

The catalytic destruction of stratospheric ozone by the oxides of nitrogen is believed to be an important part of the global ozone balance. The lack of sufficient measurements of NO _x concentrations has impeded efforts to quantify this process. Recent measurements of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide from ground-based stations as well as aircraft and balloons have provided a first approximation to a global distribution of NO₂ vertical columns at sunset. These observed vertical columns have been translated into time-dependent vertical NO₂ profiles by means of a one-dimensional atmospheric photochemical model. Using recent observations of air temperature and ozone along with this information, the independent instantaneous (one second) rates of ozone production from oxygen photolysis P(O₃), of ozone destruction from pure oxygen species (Chapman reactions) L(O _x ), and of ozone destruction by nitrogen oxides L(NO _x ) were estimated over the three-dimensional atmosphere. These quantities are displayed as zonal average contour maps, summed over various latitude zones, summed over various altitude bands, and integrated globally between 15 and 45 km. Although the global summation between 15 and 45 km by no means tells the complete story, these numbers are of some interest, and the relative values are: P(O₃), 100; L(O _x ), 15; L(NO _x ), 45±15. It is to be emphasized that this relative NO _x contribution to the integrated ozone balance is not a measure of the sensitivity of ozone to possible perturbations of stratospheric NO _x ; recent model results must be examined for current estimates of this sensitivity.  相似文献   

Destruction of the Northern Margin of the North China Craton in Mid-Late Triassic: Evidence from Asthenosphere-derived Mafic Enclaves in the Jiefangyingzi Granitic Pluton from the Chifeng Area, Southern Inner Mongolia     

LIU Jianfeng  LI Jinyi  CHI Xiaoguo  ZHENG Peixi  HU Zhaochu  ZHANG Xiaowei 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):1071-1092

The petrology, geochronology and geochemistry of the mafic enclaves in the Mid-Late Triassic Jiefangyingzi pluton from Chifeng area, southern Inner Mongolia, in China are studied to reveal their petrogenetic relationship with the host pluton. Furthermore, the coeval magmatic assemblage and its petrogenesis on the northern margin of the North China craton(NCC) are studied synthetically to elucidate their tectonic setting and the implications for the destruction of the NCC. Zircon U-Pb dating reveals that the mafic enclaves formed at 230.4 ± 2.2 Ma, which is similar to the age of the host pluton. The most basic mafic enclaves belong to weak alkaline rocks, and they display rare earth element(REE) and trace element normalized patterns and trace element compositions similar to those of ocean island basalt(OIB). In addition, they have positive εNd(t) values(+3.84 to +4.94) similar to those of the Cenozoic basalts on the northern margin of the NCC. All of these geochemical characteristics suggest that the basic mafic rocks originated from the asthenosphere. Petrological and geochemical studies suggest that the Jiefangyingzi pluton and the intermediate mafic enclaves were formed by the mixing of the asthenosphere-derived and crust-derived magmas in different degrees. The Mid-Late Triassic magmatic rocks on the northern margin of the NCC could be classified into three assemblages according to their geochemical compositions: alkaline series, weak alkaline–sub-alkaline series and sub-alkaline series rocks. Petrogenetic analyses suggest that the upwelling of the asthenosphere played an important role in the formation of these Mid-Late Triassic magmatic rocks. Basing on an analysis of regional geological data, we suggest that the northern margin of the NCC underwent destruction due to the upwelling of the asthenosphere during the Mid-Late Triassic, which was induced by the delamination of the root of the collisional orogeny between Sino-Korean and Siberian paleoplates in Late Permian.  相似文献