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51.
原油在储层介质中的加水裂解生气模拟实验 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
采用高温高压热模拟实验方法,开展了原油在砂岩和火成岩储层介质中的加水裂解生气模拟实验研究.结果表明,原油开始大量裂解的温度是400℃,随模拟温度增加,甲烷相对含量增大,乙烷以上重烃气尤其是丙烷相对含量减小.其中砂岩的油水混合物裂解生气主要发生在450~500℃之间,生气窗范围小,对应的烃气产率高,火成岩的油水混合物裂解生气主要发生在450~600℃之间,生气窗范围大,对应的烃气产率小.模拟烃气的组分碳同位素分馏显著,随模拟温度增加呈变重趋势.在裂解生气过程中,水解加氢和催化作用对烃气的组成、产率和碳同位素分布有重要影响。 相似文献
52.
吉林省药用赋形剂膨润土资源的优选研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对吉林省九台,小梨河,净月潭和露水河等产地的膨润土进行了质量优选研究。根据膨润土类型,蒙脱石含量,理化性能和浸出试验结果,发现净月潭灰白色钙基膨润土的品质最优,其次最小梨河浅黄色膨润土。 相似文献
53.
湘中锑(金)矿床成矿物质来源——Ⅰ.微量元素及其实验地球化学证据 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
为了查明湘中盆地中-低温梯(金)矿床的成矿物质来源,文章应用高分辨率ICP-MS、ICP-AES等方法对岩石与矿石进行了系统测定,并结合作者以往分析数据和实验地球化学结果,对该区盆地及周边基底地层与矿床中的微量元素分布特征及其水/岩反应效应进行了综合分析和系统研究。结果表明:Sb、Au等成矿元素在元古界基底碎屑岩中具有高的背景含量,在近似成矿条件下的水/岩反应实验中,成矿元素的淋出率达20%~90%,元古界基底碎屑岩中的金(锑、钨)矿床的周围蚀变围岩中出现明显的金负异常区。而盆地内泥盆系统地层中的高锑含量仅局限于锑矿床(化)及其蚀变围岩中;湘中锑(金)矿床中的矿石与基底碎屑岩具有相似的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线特征,以上微量元素地球化学特征充分证明该区锑(金)矿床锑、金等成矿物质主要来源于元古界底碎屑岩。 相似文献
54.
55.
Based on the mineral and chemical compositions of spoils taken from the Shilu Cu-Mo deposit and Hetai gold deposit, the leaching and batch experiments were made on spoils taken from these two deposits using the leaching column designed by the authors. The experimental results showed that it is not always true that the mine drainage is acidic. Its acidity depends on acid-buffering capacity of gangue, host rock and its alteration mineral assemblage. The composition of the drainage water is related with the interaction between superficial or underground water and solid materials in the spoils, including minerals, hydroxides and amorphous substances. The leaching extent of the element is related with its occurrence form in the deposit. The preferential flow results in leaching-out of heavy metals in large amounts. So it is important to prevent the generating of preferential flow in the system. The results will provide very important grounds for the comprehensive management of land and ecological rehabilitation of the mine site. 相似文献
56.
地震前兆时空非均匀性指标Cv值的实验检验 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
在双向加载条件下,对两种构造和介质不同的岩石标本进行变形实验,测量了标本表面不同部位的应变.在此基础上,利用王晓青和陈学忠等提出的描述地震前兆非均匀分布的参量————Cv值,分析了标本变形失稳过程中应变异常的分布,以期从实验角度检验Cv值方法并探讨其物理意义.研究表明,Cv值的变化与岩石变形特征的变化有关,是描述前兆分布非均匀性的一种有效指标;Cv值在失稳发生前先异常上升,然后下降,并在Cv值恢复过程中或恢复后伴随着失稳事件的发生.因此,Cv值是一种有效的预报指标. 相似文献
57.
Hiroshi Kobayashi Keiichi Tamura Shunsuke Tanimoto 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):1135-1141
In order to improve seismic design technology of bridges, it is necessary to evaluate the vibration characteristics of a bridge–soil system that consists of soil, foundation structure, pier and superstructure. However, there have been few experimental studies on seismic behavior of bridge–soil system. In this paper, we conducted the hybrid vibration experiment on seismic behavior of bridge–soil system, and examined the applicability of hybrid vibration experiment to study seismic response of bridge–soil system. Based on the experiment results, seismic response of bridge was quantitatively studied. 相似文献
58.
Comparison of Seismic Dispersion and Attenuation Models 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The frequency-dependent attenuation of seismic waves causes decreased resolution of seismic images with depth, and the difference in transmission losses induces amplitude variations with offset. Transmission losses may occur due to friction or fluid movement, or may result from scattering in thin-layer. Whatever the physical mechanism, they can often be conveniently described using an empirical formulation wherein the elastic moduli and propagation velocity are complex functions of frequency.We have compiled and compared algebraically and numerically eight different models involving complex velocity: the Kolsky-Futterman model, the power-law model, Kjartansson's model, Müller's model, Azimi's second and third model, the Cole-Cole model, and the standard linear-solid model.For two different parameter sets, the attenuation and phase velocity are computed in the seismic frequency band, and the plane-wave propagation of a Ricker wavelet for the other models is compared with that for the Kolsky-Futterman model. The first parameter set consists of parameters for each of the models calculated from expressions given in the appendix. These expressions make the different models behave similarly to the KF model. The second parameter set consists of model parameters that are numerically adapted to the KF model.By selecting proper parameters, all models, except the standard linear-solid model, show behavior similar to that of the Kolsky-Futterman model. The SLS model behaves differently from the other models as the frequency goes to zero or infinity. Broadband measurement data is needed to select a specific model for a given seismic experiment. 相似文献
59.
Introduction Concerning about research on grouped-earthquake seismogenic and occurrence, at present it is only limited on the stage of the theoretical analysis and numerical model. For instance, ZHANG (1987) simulated the grouped-earthquake generation and physical mechanism making use of spring-block principle. Applying for non-linear dynamic model, referring to Chinese continental plate as object, LI, et al (1997) performed the numerical simulation on the seismogenic and occurring of group… 相似文献
60.
Reservoir models have large uncertainty because of spatial variability and limited sample data. The ultimate aim is to use simultaneously all available data sources to reduce uncertainty and provide reliable reservoir models for resource assessment and flow simulation. Seismic impedance or some other attribute provides a key source of data for reservoir modeling. These seismic data are at a coarser scale than the hard well data and it not an exact measurement of facies proportions or porosity. A requirement for data integration is the cross-covariance between the well and seismic data.The size-scaling behavior of the cross correlation for different measurement scales was nvestigated. The size-scaling relationship is derived theoretically and validated by numerical studies (including an example with real data). The limit properties of the cross-correlation coefficient when the averaging volume becomes large is shown. After some averaging volume, the volume-dependent cross-correlation coefficient reaches a limit value. This plateau value is controlled mainly by the large-scale behavior of the cross and direct variograms.The cross correlation can increase or decrease with volume support depending on the relative importance of long- and short-scale covariance structures. If the direct and cross variograms are proportional, there is no change in the cross correlation as the averaging volume changes. Our study shows that the volume-dependent cross-correlation coefficient is sensitive to the shape of the cross variogram and differences between the direct variograms of the well data and seismic data. 相似文献