Influence of pore size and geometry on peat unsaturated hydraulic conductivity computed from 3D computed tomography image analysis     

F. Rezanezhad  W. L. Quinton  J. S. Price  T. R. Elliot  D. Elrick  K. R. Shook 《水文研究》2010,24(21):2983-2994

In organic soils, hydraulic conductivity is related to the degree of decomposition and soil compression, which reduce the effective pore diameter and consequently restrict water flow. This study investigates how the size distribution and geometry of air‐filled pores control the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of peat soils using high‐resolution (45 µm) three‐dimensional (3D) X‐ray computed tomography (CT) and digital image processing of four peat sub‐samples from varying depths under a constant soil water pressure head. Pore structure and configuration in peat were found to be irregular, with volume and cross‐sectional area showing fractal behaviour that suggests pores having smaller values of the fractal dimension in deeper, more decomposed peat, have higher tortuosity and lower connectivity, which influences hydraulic conductivity. The image analysis showed that the large reduction of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity with depth is essentially controlled by air‐filled pore hydraulic radius, tortuosity, air‐filled pore density and the fractal dimension due to degree of decomposition and compression of the organic matter. The comparisons between unsaturated hydraulic conductivity computed from the air‐filled pore size and geometric distribution showed satisfactory agreement with direct measurements using the permeameter method. This understanding is important in characterizing peat properties and its heterogeneity for monitoring the progress of complex flow processes at the field scale in peatlands. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Theoretical analyses of acidization dissolution front instability in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks     

Chongbin Zhao  B. E. Hobbs  A. Ord 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(13):2084-2105

This paper presents an instability theory that can be used to understand the fundamental behavior of an acidization dissolution front when it propagates in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks. The proposed theory includes two fundamental concepts, namely the intrinsic time and length of an acidization dissolution system, and a theoretical criterion that involves the comparison of the Zhao number and its critical value of the acidization dissolution system. The intrinsic time is used to determine the time scale at which the acidization dissolution front is formed, while the intrinsic length is used to determine the length scale at which the instability of the acidization dissolution front can be initiated. Under the assumption that the acidization dissolution reaction is a fast process, the critical Zhao number, which is used to assess the instability likelihood of an acidization dissolution front propagating in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks, has been derived in a strictly mathematical manner. Based on the proposed instability theory of a propagating acidization dissolution front, it has been theoretically recognized that: (i) the increase of the mineral dissolution ratio can stabilize the acidization dissolution front in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks; (ii) the increase of the final porosity of the carbonate rock can destabilize the acidization dissolution front, while the increase of the initial porosity can stabilize the acidization dissolution front in fluid‐saturated carbonate rocks; (iii) the increase of the mineral dissolution ratio can cause an increase in the dimensionless propagation speed of the acidization dissolution front; (iv) the increase of the initial porosity can enable the acidization dissolution front to propagate faster, while the increase of the final porosity can enable the acidization dissolution front to propagate slower in the acidization dissolution system. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Magnetic pore fabric analysis: a rapid method for estimating permeability anisotropy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Pfleiderer  H. C. Halls 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,116(1):39-45

  相似文献   

孔隙压变化对岩石错动面滑动行为影响的实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

李建国  宋瑞卿 《地震地质》1994,16(1):53-59

应用摩擦实验装置，在法向压力σ＿ｎ＝１０～１２０ＭＰａ下研究了孔隙压变化速率对岩石错动面滑动行为的影响。当孔隙压增压速率较大时，具粘滑振荡特性的岩石错动面仍将发生粘滑振荡，当孔隙压增压速率较小时，错动面发生稳定滑动，当增压速率介于上述两者之间时，错动面则呈粘滑－稳滑转化。以上结果对地震前兆和地震控制研究有重要意义  相似文献   

氯化钠－溴水封闭溶样碘量法测定矿石中的金   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

薛光 《岩矿测试》1994,(2)

采用ＮａＣｌ－溴水为溶剂、封闭溶样法分解试样，泡塑抽滤吸附以及碘量法测定矿石中Ａｕ。方法简单快速、准确、不污染环境，适用于测定矿石中０．ｘ～ｘｘｇ／ｔ的Ａｕ。  相似文献   

对饱和粘性土渗透规律的新认识及其应用     

Su Qingshan  Hou Jie  Duan tment of Hydrogeology  Engineering Geology) 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1994,(1)

通过实验，对饱和粘性土的渗透规律进行研究，得到几点新认识。利用此认识建立了饱和粘性土越流补给量的计算公式，并在实际应用中得到验证。  相似文献   

滇东-黔西地区晚二叠世煤岩及煤层气储层物性分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

顾成亮 《贵州地质》2001,18(3):163-167,148

本文以丰富的地质资料对滇东－黔西地区晚二叠世煤岩分布的割理（裂隙）,吸附、孔隙溶积、镜质组含量、含气性、灰分产率等进行了较为系统的研究,初步建立了煤炭与煤层气储层物性的关系,提出了镜质组含量的煤炭类型有较好的煤层气储集物性条件。  相似文献   

第三系红层中石膏溶蚀特性及其对工程的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

魏玉峰  聂德新 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(2):62-64

第三系红层中石膏分布比较广泛,大量的实验证明,石膏发生溶蚀的主要是含Ca2 的物质,并且溶蚀速率和与水接触的方式以及水头压力大小有直接关系。结合现场资料,将渗透系数K=10-5cm s作为石膏在第三系红层泥岩封闭下发生溶蚀的判据。同时针对水利工程中石膏溶蚀以及对砼的腐蚀性提出了相应的防治措施。  相似文献   

云南白水台钙华水池中水化学日变化及其生物控制的发现   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

刘再华  李强  孙海龙  汪进良  吴孔运 《水文地质工程地质》2005,32(6):10-15

为弄清云南白水台泉及其下游钙华水池中水化学的日变化,选取1号泉及其流经的两个钙华水池(6号和10号)作为研究对象并对其水温、pH值和电导率进行了自动监测。根据Ca2 、HCO3-与电导率存在的线性关系,用WATSPAC软件计算了水中方解石的饱和指数和PCO2。监测发现:泉水不存在显著的水化学日动态变化,而两个钙华水池表现出显著的日动态变化。其中10号钙华水池在白天温度较高时水中的CO2大量逸出并通过水下水生植物的光合作用加速了水中碳酸钙的沉积。6号钙华水池水生植物生长茂盛,其叶片和部分枝干露出水面,因而光合作用主要发生在空中,所以此处水化学表现为白天pH值降低和电导率升高的反常现象,即由温度主导的根呼吸作用,在白天释放更多的CO2进入水体而使沉积下来的碳酸钙重新溶解。  相似文献   

Factors affecting arsenic concentration in groundwaters from Northwestern Chaco-Pampean Plain,Argentina     

María Gabriela García  Ondra Sracek  Diego Sebastián Fernández  Margarita del Valle Hidalgo 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(7):1261-1275

The concentration of arsenic measured in groundwater from three aquifers in the study area located in the Eastern Tucuman province, Argentina, mostly depends on the lithology, but the spatial and temporal variations of concentrations seem to be also controlled by pH changes, climatic factors, and human perturbations. The highest concentrations of As (more than 1,000 μg L⁻¹) were found in the shallow aquifer, made of As-rich loess, while the lowest concentrations were measured in the deep confined aquifer, consisting of alternating layers of alluvial sands/gravels and clays. Intermediate values were measured in the semiconfined aquifer made of the fluvial sediments deposited in the Salí River valley, that alternate in the upper part of the sedimentary sequence with layers of loess. Because most of As in the loess is considered to be adsorbed onto Fe-oxyhydroxide coatings, the increase of pH in the flow direction (west-east) leads to increasing arsenic concentrations towards the eastern border of the study area. The decomposition of organic wastes poured into the Salí River or associated with local and diffuse sources of contamination in the eastern part of the study area depletes dissolved oxygen, which leads to the reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides, and to the subsequent release of the adsorbed and co-precipitated As. This process mainly affects shallow groundwater and the upper part of the semiconfined aquifer. Geochemical and hydrological data also suggest that rising water table levels at the end of the wet season may also lead to reductive dissolution of As-rich Fe oxyhydroxides in the shallow aquifer.  相似文献