Life‐cycle reliability of RC bridge piers under seismic and airborne chloride hazards     

Mitsuyoshi Akiyama  Dan M. Frangopol  Hiroshi Matsuzaki 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(15):1671-1687

Over the last two decades, the probabilistic assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) structures under seismic hazard has been developed rapidly. However, little attention has been devoted to the assessment of the seismic reliability of corroded structures. For the life‐cycle assessment of RC structures in a marine environment and earthquake‐prone regions, the effect of corrosion due to airborne chlorides on the seismic capacity needs to be taken into consideration. Also, the effect of the type of corrosive environment on the seismic capacity of RC structures has to be quantified. In this paper, the evaluation of the displacement ductility capacity based on the buckling model of longitudinal rebars in corroded RC bridge piers is established, and a novel computational procedure to integrate the probabilistic hazard associated with airborne chlorides into life‐cycle seismic reliability assessment of these piers is proposed. The seismic demand depends on the results of seismic hazard assessment, whereas the deterioration of seismic capacity depends on the hazard associated with airborne chlorides. In an illustrative example, an RC bridge pier was modeled as single degree of freedom (SDOF). The longitudinal rebars buckling of this pier was considered as the sole limit state when estimating its failure probability. The findings show that the life‐cycle reliability of RC bridge piers depends on both the seismic and airborne chloride hazards, and that the cumulative‐time failure probabilities of RC bridge piers located in seismic zones can be dramatically affected by the effect of airborne chlorides. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An experimental and numerical investigation on the deformation of overlying coal seams above double-seam extraction for controlling coal mine methane emissions   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Liu Ying-keZhou Fu-bao  Liu LangLiu Chun  Hu Shen-yong 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(2):139-149

This study investigates the deformation and the resultant pressure relief of highly gassy coal seams where a double seam mining operation takes place at lower depths at the Wulan Coal Mine, China. In order to predict the depressurization effect in the overlying coal seams, we simulate the extraction process by constructing a scaled model in the laboratory using similar rock materials. Analyses of experimental results concluded that due to the mining-induced stress redistribution, the pressure within target coal seams, which were 109 m above the mined seams, could be fully relieved to attain the statutory approval for gas drainage.In addition to scaled-model studies, computational modeling studies were conducted using UDEC (Universal Distinct Element Code), which showed that the features of deformation resulting from the double-seam extraction were different from that of in the case of single-seam extraction. The results of the numerical studies revealed that in addition to the panel margin on the air return side, areas near the intake entry could also be considered as borehole drilling positions. Besides, it was found that the gob of the extracted seams below the gassy one provided a “buffering effect” for the would-mined protective coal seam and that the depressurization effect was largely weakened.The laboratorial findings are instructive to the field practice of methane drainage. During the mining operation, a “displacement comparison method” was adopted to measure the dilated amount of protected coal seams, and as expected, the maximum dilation percentage was much more than 0.2% — the critical value upon which the target coal seam is appropriately depressurized to allow gas drainage to be safely and effectively implemented.  相似文献   

兰州市滑坡地质灾害危险性研究          下载免费PDF全文

王云龙  文宝萍 《中国地质》2011,38(6):1593-1598

兰州是中国省会城市中地质灾害较为频发的地区之一,其地质灾害主要受地质、地形和人类活动等因素的影响。本文在分析兰州市区滑坡发育的控制因素和主要影响因素的基础上,以地理信息系统(GIS)为平台、采用专业数理统计软件SPSS中的逻辑回归模型(Binary Logistic)计算评价区内各单元格地质灾害的发生概率,通过GIS平台和SPSS软件之间数据格式的交换,利用GIS软件的空间分析功能,对兰州市滑坡灾害危险性进行了区划。研究结果与滑坡分布规律一致,对兰州市的地质灾害防治具有实际意义。  相似文献   

黄土边坡剥落病害的发育特征及其发育程度评价     

叶万军  杨更社  常中华  顾华雄 《工程地质学报》2011,19(1):37-42

黄土边坡剥落病害影响黄土边坡的坡面稳定及环保美观.以黄延高速公路黄土路堑边坡剥落病害为背景,采用现场调查结合理论分析的方法,研究了黄土边坡剥落病害的发育特征;将发育特征与可拓工程方法相结合,实现了黄土边坡剥落病害发育程度的评价.研究结果表明:(1)黄土中节理裂隙分布密度大于6条·m-1时,极易发生剥落,小于2条·m-1...  相似文献   

基于模糊数学的地质灾害危险性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈新建  段钊  赵法锁  赵宪民 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2011,22(3):90-94

陕西省引汉济渭工程跨越秦岭构造剥蚀山地和断陷盆地,地质环境条件差,发育地质灾害点72处。选取地质环境条件、地质灾害发育现状和地质灾害预测为评价指标,分别赋予隶属度值;将工程剖分为284个评价单元,采用模糊数学综合评判法计算每个单元的隶属度值,确定危险性小的单元255个,危险性中等的单元29个;说明工程主要位于危险性小的区段。  相似文献   

淮北袁店煤矿101、102采区煤层底板突水危险性综合评价     

郑飞  王来斌  沈金山  髙锡擎 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(10):51-55

为有效控制煤层底板带压开采突水发生,同时解决突水系数法评价底板突水的局限性,引入灰色模糊聚类法综合评价煤层底板突水危险性。以袁店煤矿101、102采区为例,通过对10煤层水文地质条件、底板充水水源和充水通道深入分析,提取评价煤层底板突水危险性关键指标,综合考虑岩溶裂隙发育、地质构造、隔水层厚度、裂隙含水层富水性、灰岩含水层厚度5个突水主控因素,并进行底板突水危险性分区。结果表明：101采区底板突水危险性较小,102采区危险性较大。建议对102采区局部富水地段进行注浆加固,以达到防治突水的目的。  相似文献   

海洋灾害地质学发展的历史回顾及前景展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶银灿 《海洋学研究》2011,29(4):1-7

海洋灾害地质学是近半个世纪以来逐步发展起来的1门新兴学科.本文论述了这一学科产生与发展的背景,简要回顾了国内外海洋灾害地质调查研究的历史,展望了学科的发展前景.作者认为,海洋灾害地质学学科的进一步发展,必需要融入“全球变化”和“全球系统科学”的概念;要加强海洋灾害地质学基础理论研究;既要重视海岸带灾害地质研究,又要面对...  相似文献   

北京“7·16”暴雨诱发地质灾害成因分析     

许凤雯  狄靖月  李宇梅  王志  包红军  刘海知 《气象》2020,46(5):705-715

从2018年7月16日北京暴雨过程雨情和地质灾害灾情出发,介绍了此次过程的地质灾害气象预警及检验;并基于北京区域地质灾害易发度信息,结合多源融合定量降水估测(QPE)驱动CREST水文模型模拟径流量与土壤湿度特征、过程雨强特征,分析了北京本次地质灾害气象成因。结果表明,北京北部和西部处于地质灾害中、高易发区,区(县)小时累计面雨量达到50 mm以上易发生灾害,降水持续24 h后是地质灾害的高发时段,灾害常发生于雨强较大峰值后的15 h内;基于雨强-降水持续时间推求的地质灾害致灾临界雨量阈值对北京地区地质灾害气象预警有一定的借鉴意义;基于水文模型的北京区域径流量、坡面径流深、土壤湿度等水文过程要素模拟对预警也有较好的指导意义。  相似文献   

An analysis of land use pattern in the industrial development city using high resolution satellite imagery     

John Prince Soundranayagam  P. Sivasubramanian  N. Chandrasekar  K.S.P. Durairaj 《地理学报》2011,21(1):79-88

The spatial differentiation of land use changes of Tuticorin is studied using high resolution LISS III satellite imagery and Maximum Likelihood algorithms. The classification accuracy of 95.2% was obtained. In this study, the land use of Tuticorin is classified as settlement, salt pan, agricultural land, wasteland, water bodies and shrubs. The settlement area is increased to 4.6 km2 during the year 2001 and 2006. The settlement area change is mainly driven by growth of industries and migration of people from peripheral villages. Shrub is increased to 3.63 km2 in the six year period. Water logging due to growth of shrubs in Tuticorin leads to several environmental and health hazard. This study warrants proper urban planning for Tuticorin for sustainable use of resource and environment.  相似文献   

矿山地质灾害链及其断链减灾实践研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王卓理  耿鹏旭  王海荣 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(5)

矿山地质灾害链是由采空区灾害链、矸石灾害链、矿井水灾害链、矿井瓦斯灾害链和高温热害灾害链等组成,它是由煤炭开采活动引发的灾害链,结构上属于树枝状灾链。分析了矿山地质灾害链的链式效应特点以及地质灾害链之间的协同作用、时间和空间分布的复杂多样性以及承灾体类型的多样性等。矿山地质灾害链的承灾体随着灾害链的延伸类型趋多,在其减灾措施中宜在上游的链环上采取措施,以便获得较好的经济效益。针对矿山地质灾害链的特点提出了控制灾害链源头的发生和危害、切断灾害链等措施,并在平顶山煤矿山进行了实践。  相似文献