鲁西纯橄岩捕虏体中富硅质熔（流）体的交代作用：对中生代岩石圈地幔减薄的意义   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

许文良王冬艳  王清海高山 林景仟 《地质学报》2004,78(1):72-80

鲁西中生代辉长-闪长质岩石中纯橄岩捕虏体的岩石学、矿物化学及微量元素地球化学研究表明,纯橄岩捕虏体代表了古老岩石圈地幔的残留;地幔纯橄岩捕虏体中存在两种类型的交代作用,一是以填隙型金云母为代表的早期富含CO_2和H_2O的不活动流体的交代作用;二是以斜方辉石交代脉和网络状斜方辉石为代表的晚期富硅质熔(流)体的交代作用。后者代表了起源于软流圈的富硅质熔(流)体对古老岩石圈地幔的一种化学侵蚀。这对认识华北地块东部中生代岩石圈地幔的性质以及岩石圈减薄机制具有重要意义。  相似文献   

L'hétérogénéité du manteau supérieur à l'aplomb du volcan de Nyos (Cameroun) révélée par les enclaves ultrabasiques     

Robert Temdjim  Pierre Boivin  Gilles Chazot  Claude Robin  Émilie Rouleau 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(14):1239-1244

Volcanic deposits from the lake Nyos (Cameroon) contain ultrabasic xenoliths: lherzolites, harzburgites and websterites, sometimes containing amphibole. Major and trace element compositions of clinopyroxene and amphibole allow the recognition of an old depletion event followed by two episodes of incompatible-element enrichment. One is high in light rare-earth elements, while the other one is low in these elements, but high in U and Th. Their relative chronology is not yet established. To cite this article: R. Temdjim et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

Carbonatite melt–CO₂ fluid inclusions in mantle xenoliths from Tenerife, Canary Islands: a story of trapping, immiscibility and fluid–rock interaction in the upper mantle     

Maria Luce Frezzotti  Tom Andersen  Else-Ragnhild Neumann  Siri Lene Simonsen 《Lithos》2002,64(3-4):77-96

Three types of fluid inclusions have been identified in olivine porphyroclasts in the spinel harzburgite and lherzolite xenoliths from Tenerife: pure CO₂ (Type A); carbonate-rich CO₂–SO₂ mixtures (Type B); and polyphase inclusions dominated by silicate glass±fluid±sp±silicate±sulfide±carbonate (Type C). Type A inclusions commonly exhibit a “coating” (a few microns thick) consisting of an aggregate of a platy, hydrous Mg–Fe–Si phase, most likely talc, together with very small amounts of halite, dolomite and other phases. Larger crystals (e.g. (Na,K)Cl, dolomite, spinel, sulfide and phlogopite) may be found on either side of the “coating”, towards the wall of the host mineral or towards the inclusion center. These different fluids were formed through the immiscible separations and fluid–wall-rock reactions from a common, volatile-rich, siliceous, alkaline carbonatite melt infiltrating the upper mantle beneath the Tenerife. First, the original siliceous carbonatite melt is separated from a mixed CO₂–H₂O–NaCl fluid and a silicate/silicocarbonatite melt (preserved in Type A inclusions). The reaction of the carbonaceous silicate melt with the wall-rock minerals gave rise to large poikilitic orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene grains, and smaller neoblasts. During the metasomatic processes, the consumption of the silicate part of the melt produced carbonate-enriched Type B CO₂–SO₂ fluids which were trapped in exsolved orthopyroxene porphyroclasts. At the later stages, the interstitial silicate/silicocarbonatite fluids were trapped as Type C inclusions. At a temperature above 650 °C, the mixed CO₂–H₂O–NaCl fluid inside the Type A inclusions were separated into CO₂-rich fluid and H₂O–NaCl brine. At T<650 °C, the residual silicate melt reacted with the host olivine, forming a reaction rim or “coating” along the inclusion walls consisting of talc (or possibly serpentine) together with minute crystals of NaCl, KCl, carbonates and sulfides, leaving a residual CO₂ fluid. The homogenization temperatures of +2 to +25 °C obtained from the Type A CO₂ inclusions reflect the densities of the residual CO₂ after its reactions with the olivine host, and are unrelated to the initial fluid density or the external pressure at the time of trapping. The latter are restricted by the estimated crystallization temperatures of 1000–1200 °C, and the spinel lherzolite phase assemblage of the xenolith, which is 0.7–1.7 GPa.  相似文献   

Metasomatic Mechnanism of Weathering—Pedogenesis of Carbonate Rocks：I.Mineralogical and Micro—Textural Evidence     

朱立军  李景阳 《中国地球化学学报》2002,21(4):334-339

On the basis of mineralogical ,geochemical and micro-textural studies of the typical sections of the red weathering crust of carbonate rocks in the subtropical karst areas of Guizhou Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region,we have found,either on a microscopic or on a mac-roscopical scale and in different positions of the sections,the most direct and most important mineralogical and micro-textural evidence for the development of metasomatism in the process of weathering-pedogenesis of numerous carbonate rocks.This paper also has expounded for the first time and systematically the mechanism of metasomatism involved in the process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and proposed the sequence of mineral metasomatic evolution in the process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks.  相似文献   

南海北缘新生代构造演化的深部制约(I):幔源包体   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14  

徐义刚  黄小龙  颜文  刘颖  陈小明 《地球化学》2002,31(3):230-242

对南海北缘新生代玄武岩中幔源包体的研究揭示了该地区上地幔的不均一性和复杂的地幔过程。部分橄榄岩中单斜辉石(Cpx)具有极低的Ti含量(<160μg/g),这与这些样品中较高的Cpx含量(8%～12%)不匹配。主元素成分变化趋势以及Cpx中HREE分异现象,暗示该区上地幔经历了变压熔融。地幔熔融始于深部的石榴子石稳定区并延续到浅部的尖晶石稳定区(总熔融程度达23%)。这些熔融残余受到了硅酸盐和含水流体的交代。橄榄岩的微量元素组成指示南海北缘地幔具有大陆裂谷型地幔的特征,而与俯冲带之上的地幔楔或受俯冲作用影响的地幔有很大的差别。包体的平衡温度和橄榄石中Fo之间的负相关关系暗示岩石圈地幔具成分分层结构。该地幔的下部由大洋型橄榄岩组成,而地幔顶部为类似于太古宙-元古宙地幔的富斜方辉石方辉橄榄岩。这一岩石圈结构与该地区岩石圈的减薄和软流圈对老岩石圈的置换有关。深源岩石记录的信息支持南海海盆是陆缘扩张引起的主动盆地的观点。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of peridotite xenoliths in alkali basalts from Jeju Island, Korea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SEONG HEE  CHOI  JONG IK  LEE  CHUNG-HWA  PARK  JACQUES  MOUTTE 《Island Arc》2002,11(4):221-235

Abstract   Ultramafic xenoliths in alkali basalts from Jeju Island, Korea, are mostly spinel lherzolites with subordinate amounts of spinel harzburgites and pyroxenites. The compositions of major oxides and compatible to moderately incompatible elements of the Jeju peridotite xenoliths suggest that they are residues after various extents of melting. The estimated degrees of partial melting from compositionally homogeneous and unfractionated mantle to form the residual xenoliths reach 30%. However, their complex patterns of chondrite-normalized rare earth element, from light rare earth element (LREE)-depleted through spoon-shaped to LREE-enriched, reflect an additional process. Metasomatism by a small amount of melt/fluid enriched in LREE followed the former melt removal, which resulted in the enrichment of the incompatible trace elements. Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of the Jeju xenoliths display a wide scatter from depleted mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB)-like to near bulk-earth estimates along the MORB–oceanic island basalt (OIB) mantle array. The varieties in modal proportions of minerals, (La/Yb)_N ratio and Sr-Nd isotopes for the xenoliths demonstrate that the lithospheric mantle beneath Jeju Island is heterogeneous. The heterogeneity is a probable result of its long-term growth and enrichment history.  相似文献   

勘察加岛弧岩浆岩研究进展     

刘海洋  薛颖瑜  孙卫东 《岩石学报》2020,36(2):560-574

西太平洋分布了全球大部分的洋内俯冲带,也是全球沟-弧-盆体系最发育的地区。勘察加(Kamchatka)半岛位于俄罗斯远东地区,地处太平洋西北部(51°~60°N、155°~164°E),是全球环太平洋岛弧的重要组成部分。前人对勘察加岛弧岩石地幔源区性质、熔融过程、岩浆结晶分异及熔/流体交代过程进行了详细的研究,并获得了丰硕的成果。最新的研究进展表明:(1)勘察加岛弧前缘火山和中部火山的源区主要为亏损地幔,而弧后区域则存在较为富集的地幔贡献;(2)勘察加岛弧不同区域的地幔源区流体性质具有一定的差异,导致从前缘火山至中部火山,地幔熔融程度逐渐降低;(3)勘察加岛弧不同区域岩石地球化学成分存在差异,而且,沿穿弧剖面某些元素或同位素(如δ11 B)表现出系统变化的特征,反应了俯冲板片流体通量和流体性质的差异;(4)勘察加半岛部分多期次火山(如Klyuchevskoy火山)地球化学成分复杂,可能反应了源区熔融条件的不同和岩浆结晶分异过程;(5)勘察加岛弧北部与阿留申岛弧近直角相交,导致异常的构造背景,促使该区域形成了具有埃达克质特征的岛弧岩浆。  相似文献   

地幔交代作用：研究进展、问题及对策   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

喻学惠 《地球科学进展》1995,10(4):30-335

有关地幔交代作用的研究始于７０年代早期。近２０年来研究工作的贡献是使人们对与地幔演化和不均一性有关的地幔交代作用特征和交代作用机制有了更多的了解。地幔交代作用很复杂，它取决于交代作用发生的时间、构造环境、交代介质的种类以及与不同深度地幔内各种地质事件有关的流体的组成。进一步深入开展有关交代作用成因、机制及其与各种地质事件关系的研究，对于深入认识岩石圈地幔的演化和不均一特征具有十分重要的意义。对不同构造环境中的不同包体类型进行深入研究，为地幔交代作用提供广泛约束。将传统的地质学、岩石学的研究与地球化学、地球物理学以及现代测试技术相结合，很可能为解决交代作用成因、机制及交代作用与岩浆作用之间的时间先后问题，交代作用与地质事件的关系问题提供有效的方法和途径。  相似文献   

差分反射率ZDR和反射率Ze测雨精度的对比分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

张鸿发  王致君  徐宝祥 《大气科学》1995,19(1):31-39

本文根据大量不同类型降雨的雨滴谱资料，分析了两种雷达测雨与滴尺度分布的关系，模拟计算了双线偏振雷达可测到的(R/ZH)-ZDR和常规天气雷达可测到的Z-R经验关系和它们在测量降雨率精度的对比分析。表明差分反射率ZDR对改进雷达测雨的精度有着明显的优势。  相似文献   

GPS组合观测值理论及应用   总被引：30，自引：1，他引：30  

韩绍伟 《测绘学报》1995,24(2):8-13

本文首先论述了ＧＰＳ组合观测值的一般定义，并对误差影响进行分析，然后讨论了几种特殊的组合观测值及特性，最后探讨了这些组合观测值的可能应用，给出了对实测数据的处理结果及分析，并得出几点结论。  相似文献