硬土—软岩工程地质信息管理分析系统及其应用   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

张永双  曲永新  刘国林  吴树仁 《地球学报》2001,22(3):277-282

在中国大规模的工程建设实践中,人们积累了大量与硬土-软岩有关的工程经验和测试数据,总结这些测试结果并用现代计算机技术进行自动化管理是十分必要的,作者以中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所工程地质力学开放研究实验室多年来的室内试验结果为基础,研制开发了“硬土-软岩工程地质信息管理分析系统（HRGISM）”软件,实现了岩土工程地质信息资源管理的自动化和可视化,并在信息管理的基础上强化了试验数据分析和工程特性预测功能,本文简要地介绍了HRGIMS系统的主要功能和实际应用。  相似文献   

Biological structures as a source of habitat heterogeneity and biodiversity on the deep ocean margins   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lene Buhl-Mortensen  Ann Vanreusel  rew J. Gooday  Lisa A. Levin  Imants G. Priede  Pål Buhl-Mortensen  Hendrik Gheerardyn  Nicola J. King  & Maarten Raes 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(1):21-50

Biological structures exert a major influence on species diversity at both local and regional scales on deep continental margins. Some organisms use other species as substrates for attachment, shelter, feeding or parasitism, but there may also be mutual benefits from the association. Here, we highlight the structural attributes and biotic effects of the habitats that corals, sea pens, sponges and xenophyophores offer other organisms. The environmental setting of the biological structures influences their species composition. The importance of benthic species as substrates seems to increase with depth as the complexity of the surrounding geological substrate and food supply decline. There are marked differences in the degree of mutualistic relationships between habitat-forming taxa. This is especially evident for scleractinian corals, which have high numbers of facultative associates (commensals) and few obligate associates (mutualists), and gorgonians, with their few commensals and many obligate associates. Size, flexibility and architectural complexity of the habitat-forming organism are positively related to species diversity for both sessile and mobile species. This is mainly evident for commensal species sharing a facultative relationship with their host. Habitat complexity is enhanced by the architecture of biological structures, as well as by biological interactions. Colony morphology has a great influence on feeding efficiency for suspension feeders. Suspension feeding, habitat-forming organisms modify the environment to optimize their food uptake. This environmental advantage is also passed on to associated filter-feeding species. These effects are poorly understood but represent key points for understanding ecosystems and biodiversity on continental margins. In this paper we explore the contributions of organisms and the biotic structures they create (rather than physical modifications) to habitat heterogeneity and diversity on the deep continental margins.  相似文献   

Probabilistic Approach of Coastal Defense Against Typhoon Attacks for Nuclear Power Plant     

刘德辅  韩凤亭  庞亮  李华军  谢波涛  王风清 《中国海洋工程》2010,24(2):265-275

With the global wanning and sea level rising, it is widely recognized that there is an increasing tendency of typhoon occurrence frequency and intensity. The defenses code against typhoon attacks for nuclear power plant should be calibrated because of the increasing threat of typhoon disaster and severe consequences. This paper discusses the probabilistic approach of definitions about "probable maximum typhoon" and "probable maximum storm surge" in nuclear safety regulations of China and has made some design code calibrations by use of a newly proposed Double Layer Nested Multi-objective Probability Model (DLNMPM).  相似文献   

烟台市套子湾污水处理厂排海管道有关参数的确定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张东华  王虹 《海岸工程》2010,29(1):46-52

利用海洋处置城市污水是沿海地区一种把海洋水体的环境容量和自净能力用于环保的可行方法。烟台市套子湾污水处理厂1998年10月建成正式投入运转,日处理能力为25万m3,其污水排海管道工程是该厂重要组成部分,对污水排海管道的有关参数进行计算,可供沿海城市污水处理工程参考。  相似文献   

琼州海峡海底电缆路由工程地质特征     

蒋俊杰  张志强  魏志强 《海洋测绘》2010,30(2):58-60

根据地球物理、声学探测、海底取样及实验室测试等实测资料详细分析,发现琼州海峡具有独特的自然条件以及复杂的工程地质特征。海底地形地貌非常复杂,存在沙波、沙堤沙丘、冲刷槽、冲刷脊和丘状突起、陡坡、滑坡、珊瑚礁、浅埋岩石、软弱地层等潜在的地质灾害因素,尤其在琼州海峡中央深槽区,坡度很大,分布着多种潜在的地质灾害,是海底光缆的危险区,应引起重视。  相似文献   

桩板组合结构的技术特点及应用     

鞠美丽  廖绍华  傅相明 《海岸工程》2009,28(1):51-55

介绍了桩板组合结构的组成和特点,及其在实际工程中的应用。该结构可作为滩海地区进海路路堤、人工岛护壁、保滩促淤丁坝和离岸堤主体结构。  相似文献   

Application of matter-element model in soil nutrient evaluation of ecological fragile region     

Jie Tang  Chenye Wang  Nianfeng Lin  Zhaoyang Li  Haiyi Li  Zilong Mao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(2):168-176

On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da'an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), total P (TP), total K (TK), available N (AN), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. And the ratios of soil samples grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da'an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.  相似文献   

Holiday in Cambodia: Perceived effects of a New Zealand high school international field trip on students     

Sarah Wakeford  Mark B. Orams 《New Zealand geographer》2019,75(1):34-41

Using an exploratory case study approach, this research used semi‐structured interviews to investigate the motivations, expectations and experiences of high school students in New Zealand who travelled to Cambodia on a school supervised field‐trip. Findings suggest students are motivated by altruistic behaviour and the desire for unique experiences. Students had very high expectations, predicting the experience to be either life changing or incredibly important. Post‐trip interviews revealed that the volunteer work undertaken was perceived as positive and that experiences of poverty were challenging and influential. Finally, personal development and an increased sense of social responsibility were identified as important effects of the trip.  相似文献   

Geography Deserts: State and Regional Variation in the Formal Opportunity to Learn Geography in the United States, 2005–2015     

Mark C. Jones  Marcos Luna 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(2):88-100

The formal opportunity to learn geography in the United States is unevenly distributed across space, creating possible geography deserts. Data on the number of exams taken in Advanced Placement Human Geography (APHG) and bachelor’s degrees earned in geography are mapped at the state and regional scales. Normalized rates are ranked and grouped into quintiles. For APHG exams, states in the southeastern region of the United States are in the uppermost quintiles while states in the northeastern region are in the lowermost quintiles. The pattern for bachelor’s degrees in geography is somewhat the spatial inverse of that for APHG.  相似文献   

Fostering Environmental Sensitivity by Observing Everyday Environments     

Minsung Kim 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(4):157-168

This study examined the effects of observing and reflecting on everyday environments in the development of environmental sensitivity, defined as a holistic capability composed of predisposition, knowledge, and behavior subdimensions. We encouraged participants to use diverse sources, such as texts, photographs, and animation, to record their observations and thinking. As a result, the activity in this study was beneficial in enhancing students’ environmental sensitivity. Students’ mean scores on the environmental sensitivity questionnaire improved, and their reflective journals reported increased interest in everyday environments, enhanced knowledge about diverse environmental elements, and strengthened will to act pro-environmentally. The usefulness of the geospatial platform was also reported.  相似文献