Dynamic pressures on a pair of rigid walls retaining poroelastic soil     

D. D. Theodorakopoulos   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2003,23(1):41-51

This work deals with the evaluation of the dynamic pressures and the associated forces on a pair of rigid vertical cantilever walls retaining a uniform, fully saturated poroelastic layer of soil. Hysteretic damping in the soil skeleton may also be present. Wall pressures and forces are induced by horizontal ground shaking harmonically varying with time and spatially invariant. The problem is solved analytically under conditions of plane strain. The governing partial differential equations of motion, after separation of variables and the simplifying assumptions of zero vertical normal stresses and zero horizontal variation of vertical displacements, reduce to a system of two ordinary differential equations for the amplitudes of the solid skeleton horizontal displacement and the pore water pressure, which are easily solved. The parameters examined include the ratio of the distance between walls to the height of the retained soil material and the soil material properties such as porosity, permeability and damping. The comprehensive numerical data presented indicate that the displacements, wall pressures and resultant forces are highly dependent on the distance between the walls for any values of porosity and permeability.  相似文献   

Multiple‐tuned liquid column dampers for torsional vibration control of structures: theoretical investigation     

Y. L. Xu  K. M. Shum 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(2):309-328

This paper presents a theoretical investigation on the performance of multiple‐tuned liquid column dampers (MTLCD) for reducing torsional vibration of structures in comparison with single‐tuned liquid column dampers (STLCD). The analytical model is first developed for torsional vibration of a structure with an MTLCD under either harmonic excitation or white noise excitation. The experimental results are then used to verify the analytical model for coupled MTLCD‐structure systems under harmonic excitation. The performance of an MTLCD and its beneficial parameters for achieving the maximum torsional response reduction to white noise excitation are finally investigated through an extensive parametric study in terms of the distance from the centre line of the MTLCD to the rotational axis of the structure, the ratio of the horizontal length to the total length of liquid column, frequency bandwidth, head‐loss coefficient, the number of TLCD units in an MTLCD, frequency‐turning ratio and the spectral level of excitation moment. The results show that there is an optimal head‐loss coefficient and an optimal frequency bandwidth for an MTLCD to achieve the maximum torsional response reduction. It is also demonstrated that the sensitivity of an optimized MTLCD to the frequency‐tuning ratio is less than that of an optimized STLCD, and it can be further improved by increasing the bandwidth but at the cost of less torsional vibration reduction. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Source mechanism of long-period events at Kusatsu–Shirane Volcano, Japan, inferred from waveform inversion of the effective excitation functions     

Masaru Nakano  Hiroyuki Kumagai  Bernard A. Chouet 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2003,122(3-4):149-164

We investigate the source mechanism of long-period (LP) events observed at Kusatsu–Shirane Volcano, Japan, based on waveform inversions of their effective excitation functions. The effective excitation function, which represents the apparent excitation observed at individual receivers, is estimated by applying an autoregressive filter to the LP waveform. Assuming a point source, we apply this method to seven LP events the waveforms of which are characterized by simple decaying and nearly monochromatic oscillations with frequency in the range 1–3 Hz. The results of the waveform inversions show dominant volumetric change components accompanied by single force components, common to all the events analyzed, and suggesting a repeated activation of a sub-horizontal crack located 300 m beneath the summit crater lakes. Based on these results, we propose a model of the source process of LP seismicity, in which a gradual buildup of steam pressure in a hydrothermal crack in response to magmatic heat causes repeated discharges of steam from the crack. The rapid discharge of fluid causes the collapse of the fluid-filled crack and excites acoustic oscillations of the crack, which produce the characteristic waveforms observed in the LP events. The presence of a single force synchronous with the collapse of the crack is interpreted as the release of gravitational energy that occurs as the slug of steam ejected from the crack ascends toward the surface and is replaced by cooler water flowing downward in a fluid-filled conduit linking the crack and the base of the crater lake.  相似文献   

激发极化法在水资源勘查中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢世英  赵延庆周劼 《中国煤田地质》2003,15(1):61-62,64

影响激发极化效应值的因素很多，如岩性、结构、粒度、围岩的电阻率、测量时的供电时间、布极方向及采用的装置等，但水是产生激发极化现象的重要因素。在勘查实例中，依据测井电性参数，选择合理的测量装置及测量参数，采集视电阻率、极化率、激发比数据，按照一定流程对数据资料进行处理和解释，并总结出该方法在水资源勘查中表现的特征和规律。与钻探成果相比，激发极化法的应用效果明显，是一种比较经济有效的水资源勘查手段。  相似文献   

Response of L-shaped rigid foundations embedded in a uniform half-space to traveling seismic waves     

Martha Surez  Javier Avils  Francisco J. Snchez-Sesma 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(8)

A simplified indirect boundary element method is applied to compute the impedance functions for L-shaped rigid foundations embedded in a homogeneous viscoelastic half-space. In this method, the waves generated by the 3D vibrating foundation are constructed from radiating sources located on the actual boundary of the foundation. The impedance functions together with the free-field displacements and tractions generated along the soil–foundation interface are used to calculate the foundation input motion for incident P, S and Rayleigh waves. This is accomplished by application of Iguchi's averaging method which, in turn, is verified by comparison with results obtained rigorously using the relation between the solutions of the basic radiation (impedance functions) and scattering (input motions) problems. Numerical results are presented for both surface-supported and embedded foundations. It is shown how the seismic response of L-shaped foundations with symmetrical wings differs from that of enveloping square foundations. The effects of inclination and azimuth of the earthquake excitation are examined as well. These results should be of use in analyses of soil–structure interaction to account for the traveling wave effects usually overlooked in practice.  相似文献   

Damage localization under ambient vibration using changes in flexibility   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

高勇  B.E.SpenceL jr 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2002,1(1):136-144

In recent years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has emerged as a new research area in civil engineering. Most existing health monitoring methodologies require direct measurement of input excitation for implementation. However, in many cases, there is no easy way to measure these inputs - or alternatively to externally excite the structure. Therefore, SHM methods based on ambient vibration have become important in civil engineering. In this paper, an approach is proposed based on the Damage Location Vector (DLV) method to handle the ambient vibration case. Here, this flexibility-matrix-based damage localization method is combined with a modal expansion technique to eliminate the need to measure the input excitation. As a by-product of this approach, in addition to determining the location of the damage, an estimate of the damage extent also can be determined. Finally, a numerical example analyzing a truss structure with limited sensors and noisy measurement is provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed approach. Sponsored by: Notional Science Foundation Grant CMS 99-00234  相似文献   

Excitation Sompi method and its application to an analysis of the Earth's polar motion     

Yukiko Yokoyama 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,150(2):467-482

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Deep array electromagnetic sounding on the Baltic Shield: External excitation model and implications for upper mantle conductivity studies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Elena Yu. Sokolova  Ivan M. Varentsov  BEAR Working Group 《Tectonophysics》2007,445(1-2):3

The BEAR array of simultaneous electromagnetic (EM) observations probes the deep crustal and upper mantle conductivity structure of the Baltic Shield searching for the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary beneath. The adequate interpretation of the results of this unique high latitude natural field EM sounding requires proper understanding of the actual external excitation conditions because conventionally used plane wave model assumptions may be substantially violated in the vicinity of inhomogeneous polar sources. The paper presents an overview of the morphology and statistics of source distortions in the BEAR EM field transfer functions (TF) and the ways of their suppression. The stability of the final TF estimates obtained with the exclusion of intensive non-stationary auroral effects is further justified. The external excitation model effective for the whole BEAR observation period is inferred from the array distribution of the inter-station geomagnetic transfer functions. The model is supported by the results of polar ionosphere–magnetosphere current system studies, based on the simultaneous ground and satellite geomagnetic observations, and sets bounds for the “plane wave” approach in the BEAR data interpretation to avoid unfounded inferences on the upper mantle electrical properties. The signatures of the lithosphere–asthenospere boundary under Fennoscandia derived from the BEAR data are summarized and its resolution within the traditional plane wave interpretational paradigm is analysed assuming the presented external source pattern and estimated TF uncertainties caused by the source inhomogeneity.  相似文献   

平原缺水区隐伏岩溶水的供水意义——以通州区龙旺庄隐伏灰岩水源地的勘查运行为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李海京 《城市地质》2007,2(4):49-51

本文以通州区龙旺庄隐伏灰岩水源地的勘查及运行情况为例,提出以隐伏基岩地下水作为应惠水源来科学、适度地开采是具有一定现实意义的;像龙旺庄这种消耗性水源地,开采条件下补给量的增量(激发补给量)也不容忽视。  相似文献   

一种新的巨型-子结构控制体系在非平稳地震作用下的反应分析     

汪宁  张洵安  王浩 《地震工程与工程振动》2007,27(2):120-123

本文研究了一种新的控制结构体系——巨型-子结构控制体系。根据控振结构体系的特点和通过对该结构的变形分析:主框架采用弯曲模型,而次框架采用剪切模型的集中质量模型,据此推导了控振结构的运动方程。利用复模态方法,对它和普通巨型框架结构进行了2种非平稳地震作用下的对比分析。研究结构表明:这种新的结构体系能有效控制地震响应,结构安全性和舒适度均有明显提高。  相似文献