伊通盆地莫里青断陷双阳组湖泊水下扇沉积特征   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

孙连浦  刘招君  毛天基  董清水  朱建伟 《世界地质》2005,24(2):137-143

本文详细研究了伊通盆地莫里青断陷双阳组沉积类型,并将该区湖泊水下扇的岩相组成划分为5种类型：经典浊积岩相、块状砂岩相、砾质砂岩相、颗粒支撑砾岩相、基质支撑砾岩相;将湖泊水下扇划分为内扇、中扇、外扇三个亚相,对各亚相进一步划分了若干微相。湖泊水下扇沉积为该区地层的主要沉积特征,在垂向上具有进积型和退积型两种类型。  相似文献   

南海北部陆坡古地貌特征与13.8Ma以来珠江深水扇   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

柳保军  袁立忠  申俊  连世勇  何敏  庞雄  舒誉  彭大钧 《沉积学报》2006,24(4):476-482

综合利用层序地层学和地球物理方法对珠江口盆地白云凹陷13.8 M a以来沉积古地貌进行了分析。通过对南海珠江深水扇系统分布及其独特的沉积特征和层序充填演化规律的分析,得出在13.8 M a以来层序发育过程中,凹陷位于宽阔陆架向海盆变迁的陆坡区,北部发育两种类型的峡谷水道,向南海盆方向逐渐变得宽缓;盆地的古地貌背景、物源和气候变化为其主控因素的结论。同时,13.8 M a以来南海北部陆坡深水区的沉积具有明显的继承性特点,现今的海底峡谷发育特点基本反映了整体的沉积背景。结果表明,白云凹陷13.8 M a以来的深水沉积受海平面相对变化的影响相对较弱,主要受古地貌背景及其变迁的控制,沉积具有继承性,与现今的沉积面貌非常相似。  相似文献   

Late Holocene floodplain incision and alluvial fan formation in the central Grampian Highlands,Scotland: chronology,environment and implications     

Colin K. Ballantyne  Graeme Whittington 《第四纪科学杂志》1999,14(7):651-671

A section cut across an alluvial fan and the underlying floodplain terrace in the central Grampian Highlands provides an unusually complete record of late Holocene events. At ca. 2.7–2.4 cal kyr BP floodplain aggradation was replaced by net floodplain incision. Pollen evidence and charcoal counts provide no evidence for contemporaneous anthropogenic landscape change, and the timing of the transition suggests that it reflects an increase in high-magnitude erosive flood events following overall climatic deterioration. The overlying fan was deposited by torrential hyperconcentrated flows during three brief storm-generated depositional events at ca. 2.2–2.1, 1.9–1.8 and 0.9–0.7 cal kyr BP, separated and succeeded by prolonged periods of stability and peat accumulation. During these three events, a cumulative total of ca. 6750 m³ of sediment was deposited, probably in no more than a few hours over a timescale of two millennia. These findings imply that proposed links between human activity and the development of alluvial fans or debris cones require reassessment, and that different elements of the Holocene alluvial landscape have responded in different ways to the same climatic inputs. Aggregation of dating evidence relating to aggradation or incision of alluvial landforms at different scales therefore may produce misleading results. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西南地区上三叠统延长组沉积相及石油地质意义   总被引：73，自引：8，他引：65       下载免费PDF全文

付金华  郭正权  邓秀芹 《古地理学报》2005,7(1):34-44

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组主要发育东北和西南两大沉积体系,东北的河流三角洲体系已为大量的勘探研究资料所证实,而西南体系因受勘探程度限制,目前研究不够。本文通过最新钻探成果,结合盆地西南部露头资料,确立盆地西南地区三叠系延长组为冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系,发育冲积扇、扇三角洲、湖泊（浊积）相。冲积扇以西南缘平凉崆峒山和汭水河剖面为代表,扇三角洲及湖泊（浊积）相为区内钻井剖面所证实。长6-长8为区内主力油层组,地层保存完整,钻探程度相对较高。扇三角洲前缘砂体类型以水下分流河道为主,局部发育河口坝,浊积体以厚层块状为主。长8亚期为扇三角洲前缘亚相最发育期,横向形成自西南向东北延伸的三支前缘砂体带,是石油聚集的重要区带;长7亚期随着湖盆沉降,周边抬升强烈,湖岸较陡,大量发育浊积体系;长6亚期湖退导致扇三角洲再次发育,但规模较长8亚期弱。扇三角洲前缘砂体单层厚度大,砂岩粒度较粗,颗粒分选及物性好,是石油富集的最有利相带。  相似文献   

东海盆地某油气田A井P层沉积体系研究     

金艳  傅强 《海洋地质译丛》2013,(4):19-23

东海盆地某油气田A井钻遇古近系平湖组P层为一套灰绿色含砾细砂岩.对此层中的微量元素、古生物资料、粒度特征以及测井资料的分析表明：沉积物中的硼元素含量较低,Sr/Ba比值小于1,Fe/Mn比值远大于5,这些指标反映沉积水体为淡水;同时,Ni/Co比值大多数介于2.5～5之间,而V/Ni比值大于1,指示研究层位沉积于还原环境中.该层沉积物中,蕨类孢子含量极高,花粉组合以阔叶类木本为主,且含较多喜暖湿针叶类花粉,说明当时盆地周边区域气候大致相当于现代亚热带气候,较温暖且偏湿润.A井P层中,砾石具近源快速堆积特征,泥岩属较深水沉积,岩层粒度具浊积岩特征;结合空间岩性展布状况可以判断,P层沉积相属于温暖湿润气候下的淡水近岸水下扇相.  相似文献   

Topographic predictors of susceptibility to alluvial fan flooding,Southern Apennines   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

N. Santangelo  J. Daunis‐i‐Estadella  G. Di Crescenzo  V. Di Donato  P. I. Faillace  J. A. Martín‐Fernández  P. Romano  A. Santo  V. Scorpio 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2012,37(8):803-817

The flooding susceptibility of alluvial fans in the Southern Apennines has long been neglected. To partly address this oversight, we focus on the region of Campania which contains highly urbanized piedmont areas particularly vulnerable to flooding. Our findings are based on stratigraphic analysis of the fans and morphometric analysis of the basin‐fan systems. Using geomorphological analysis we recognized active alluvial fans while stratigraphic analysis together with statistical analysis of the morphometric variables was used to classify the fans in terms of the transport process involved. The results indicate that in the geological context examined, the best discrimination between debris flow (Df) and water flood (Wf) processes is achieved by means of two related variables, one for the basin (feeder channel inclination, Cg) and one for the fan (fan length, Fl). The probability that an unclassified fan belongs to group Wf is computed by applying a logistic function in which a P value exceeding 0.5 indicates that a basin/fan system belongs to group Wf. This important result led to the classification of the entire basin/fan system data. As regards process intensity, debris flow‐dominated fans are susceptible to the occurrence of flows with high viscosity and hence subject to more severe events than water flood‐dominated fans. Bearing this in mind, the data gathered in this study allow us to detect where alluvial fan flooding might occur and give information on the different degrees of susceptibility at a regional scale. Regrettably, urban development in recent decades has failed to take the presence of such alluvial fans into account due to the long recurrence time (50–100 years) between floods. This paper outlines the distribution of such susceptibility scenarios throughout the region, thereby constituting an initial step to implementing alluvial fan flooding control and mitigation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

山东潍北凹陷古近系孔店组一段特征及沉积演化          下载免费PDF全文

陈世悦  王玲  周清波  白静波  李文涛  孙廷彬  韩敏 《古地理学报》2012,14(5):553-564

综合运用岩心、钻井、测井及地震资料,对潍北凹陷古近系孔一段的地层特征及沉积演化进行研究。结果表明：潍北凹陷孔店组一段可以划分为3个亚段、11个砂层组。在西部鄌郚—葛沟断裂和东部昌邑—大店断裂控制下,地层东西向发育稳定,仅在北部洼陷带地层显著加厚;在北部古城—潍河口断层控制下,地层向南部超覆,地层由北向南变薄。潍北凹陷孔店组一段主要发育扇三角洲相和湖泊相,南部斜坡带发育小范围三角洲相。孔一下亚段,物源供给充足,北部洼陷带、瓦城断阶带和灶户断鼻带发育大规模的扇三角洲相;孔一中亚段,湖盆水体变浅,物源供给减少,北部洼陷带、瓦城断阶带和灶户断鼻带继承性发育扇三角洲相,但分布范围变小;孔一上亚段,湖盆水体最浅,物源供给少,全区发育滨浅湖亚相,仅在央斜4井区和昌11井区发育小范围的扇三角洲相沉积。  相似文献   

哥伦比亚Ombu区Kc组裂缝描述和地质建模   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王伟 《现代地质》2012,26(1):139-144

裂缝对改善低渗透碎屑岩储层物性有非常重要的作用,裂缝发育规律和控制因素的研究直接影响着开发方案部署和油藏开发效果。在盆地分析和储层研究基础上,利用层序地层和地质统计学方法,分析了Kc组裂缝与区域构造应力、沉积相和岩性的关系。受区域压扭作用影响,区域上发育北东和北西方向两组影响裂缝的地应力,形成了以北东方向为主的高角度裂缝。不同沉积相带和不同岩性储层裂缝发育也有差异,扇中和扇缘亚相裂缝较扇根亚相发育、砂岩较砾岩裂缝发育。在这种地质认识基础上,建立了裂缝三维地质模型。  相似文献   

内蒙古乌里雅斯太凹陷南洼槽坡折带粗砾斜坡扇沉积特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵莹彬  马立祥  谢丛娇  马奎祥  郭发军 《地质与资源》2012,21(2):205-210

斜坡扇沉积属重力流事件沉积,在我国陆相断陷湖盆中也有发育,是一种重要的相类型.针对乌里雅斯太凹陷南洼槽东部坡折带发育一套厚度大、粒级粗和相变快的砾岩体,通过精细的岩心观察,结合测井、3D地震,以及岩石分析资料等,认为该砾岩体应属于低位体系域重力流成因机制的斜坡扇沉积,并论述了研究区内的斜坡扇相带的划分,分析了其平面的相分布特征,建立了该研究区沉积相模式,为研究区岩性油气藏的进一步勘探开发提供了依据.  相似文献   

利用部分投影的二维CT旋转中心偏移快速校正     

李增云  吕东辉 《CT理论与应用研究》2015,24(4):533-543

现有的CT重建算法都依赖于转台旋转中心的准确定位,否则会引起重建图像的伪影。目前已有的旋转中心估计方法的共同特点是利用180°或360°的投影数据。获取这些投影,需要比较长的扫描时间,占用比较多的资源。为此,在平行束扫描和扇形束扫描两种情形下,本文提出利用部分视角的投影来对转台旋转中心进行快速定位的方法。在平行束情形,利用物体空间质心与投影空间的质心的对应关系定理,由60°的投影即可准确测量出旋转中心的位置。在扇形束情形,通过将扇形束投影重排成平行束投影,仍可由扇形角再进行60°的投影准确测量出旋转中心的位置。   相似文献