塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铬     

杨秀环  李攻科  唐宝英  张展霞 《热带海洋学报》1991,(3)

海水基体对Cr有增感作用。本文研究了抗坏血酸、柠檬酸三铵、酒石酸、乙酸铵等有机基体改进剂对消除基体干扰效果。前二者均有效地消除基体干扰,但1％抗坏血酸 1％柠檬酸三铵混合试剂的效果更好,它不仅可以消除基体干扰,还可降低背景及噪声,Cr的吸收峰也较平滑。本法准确,相对偏差在0.7—4.4％范围内。回收率在92—109％范围内。若海水Cr含量低于定量下限时,可采用多次进样法。  相似文献   

添加纳米TiO₂的氯醚树脂的XPS分析     

向斌  李焰  张胜涛  侯保荣 《海洋科学》2006,30(1):63-67

在紫外线老化前后,利用光电子能谱(XPS)研究了分别添加金红石型和锐钛型纳米TiO2的氯醚树脂。研究发现,氯醚树脂中氯、氧元素具有表面富积现象——趋肤效应,而钛和碳元素在内层聚集;添加颜料粒子越小,在表面含量越大;金红石型纳米二氧化钛紫外屏蔽性好,减缓树脂老化;而锐钛型纳米二氧化钛具有显著的光催化活性,加速树脂老化。因此,金红石型纳米二氧化钛将是一种有前途的紫外线吸收剂。  相似文献   

液体中光声信号吸收衰减的研究     

任新敏  戚诒让  许龙江  张德勇  周如城 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(4)

研究水的声吸收所引起的光声脉冲幅度的变化。脉冲声波由激光通过光击穿机制产生。文中给出了光声脉冲峰值声压与传播距离和声吸收系数之间的理论关系式。实验测量结果和理论曲线所描述的变化规律相符合。  相似文献   

外差激光雷达测量水体布里渊散射可行性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘金涛  陈卫标  宋小全  刘智深 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(1):139-144

该文分析外差激光雷达测量水体布里渊散射的可行性。借助测量水体布里渊散射的频移 ,可得到水体声速或温度。文中利用两条 12 7I2 吸收线锁定激光输出频率 ,产生稳定的频差约为7.5 GHz发射激光和激光本振。通过对 12 7I2 吸收线稳定度、激光频率稳定度、系统信噪比和反演精度的分析和计算机模拟 ,得出水体深度 2 5 m以内水体布里渊散射频移的测量误差可以控制在2 .5 MHz以内 ,达到水中声速 0 .6 m/ s或温度 0 .1℃的测量精度。  相似文献   

厦门湾有色溶解有机物的光吸收特性研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李猛  郭卫东  夏恩琴  韩宇超  胡明辉 《热带海洋学报》2006,25(1):9-14

研究了厦门湾九龙江河口区、西海域、同安湾及东侧水道海水中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的光吸收特性,分析了CDOM的河口行为,并讨论了CDOM光吸收特性与其荧光性质之间的关系。结果表明,厦门湾表层海水CDOM光吸收系数a(355)的水平分布表现为河口区最高、东侧水道最低、西海域和同安湾介于两者之间,底层水a(355)的分布与表层基本相似,表明陆源河流输入是厦门湾CDOM的主要来源;a(355)的垂直分布为表层高于底层,主要受水文和生物因素控制。厦门湾表层水CDOM光谱斜率S的平均值介于0.014—0.018nm-1,但河口低盐度区S值较小,反映陆源腐殖质的影响。a(355)在河口混合中呈保守行为,表明CDOM具有良好的保守性质。CDOM的吸收系数a(355)与其荧光强度之间表现为较好的相关关系,指示可以用灵敏度更高的荧光方法来研究CDOM的分布和行为。  相似文献   

影响荧光光谱分析质量的因素   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

宁丽荣  沈洪久  李武  张庆珍  王波舫 《物探与化探》2008,32(6)

荧光光谱分析是油气化探中非常重要的一种分析方法,因此在地表样品的分析中,荧光光谱质量就显得尤其重要。消除影响因素,保证分析质量,是得到真实的地下油气信息的必要条件。通过实验研究,对影响荧光光谱分析质量的因素的进行探讨,除了在分析过程出现的影响因素外,样品的包装袋也是造成影响的重要因素。  相似文献   

Using spectral information from the NIR water absorption features for the retrieval of canopy water content     

J.G.P.W. Clevers  L. KooistraM.E. Schaepman 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2008

Canopy water content (CWC) is important for mapping and monitoring the condition of the terrestrial ecosystem. Spectral information related to the water absorption features at 970 nm and 1200 nm offers possibilities for deriving information on CWC. In this study, we compare the use of derivative spectra, spectral indices and continuum removal techniques for these regions. Hyperspectral reflectance data representing a range of canopies were simulated using the combined PROSPECT + SAILH model. Best results in estimating CWC were obtained by using spectral derivatives at the slopes of the 970 nm and 1200 nm water absorption features. Real data from two different test sites were analysed. Spectral information at both test sites was obtained with an ASD FieldSpec spectrometer, whereas at the second site HyMap airborne imaging spectrometer data were also acquired. Best results were obtained for the derivative spectra. In order to avoid the potential influence of atmospheric water vapour absorption bands the derivative of the reflectance on the right slope of the canopy water absorption feature at 970 nm can best be used for estimating CWC.  相似文献   

成像光谱矿物填图精度兼与矿物丰度关系初探     

唐攀科  郑跃鹏  李永丽 《矿产与地质》2008,22(4):364-369

成像光谱遥感技术在岩石矿物识别和矿物填图方面发挥着越来越大作用,而成像光谱矿物填图的精度问题一直是研究的焦点。文章利用高光谱数据HyMap对新疆东天山地区的矿物填图结果,通过引入矿物填绘分布强度的概念,探索性的分析了成像光谱矿物填图与填绘矿物丰度的关系。  相似文献   

Zircon M257 ‐ a Homogeneous Natural Reference Material for the Ion Microprobe U‐Pb Analysis of Zircon     

Lutz Nasdala  Wolfgang Hofmeister  Nicholas Norberg  James M. Martinson  Fernando Corfu  Wolfgang Dörr  Sandra L. Kamo  Allen K. Kennedy  Andreas Kronz  Peter W. Reiners  Dirk Frei  Jan Kosler  Yusheng Wan  Jens Götze  Tobias Häger  Alfred Kröner  John W. Valley 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(3):247-265

We introduce and propose zircon M257 as a future reference material for the determination of zircon U‐Pb ages by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. This light brownish, flawless, cut gemstone specimen from Sri Lanka weighed 5.14 g (25.7 carats). Zircon M257 has TIMS‐determined, mean isotopic ratios (2s uncertainties) of 0.09100 ± 0.00003 for ²⁰⁶pb/²³⁸U and 0.7392 ± 0.0003 for ²⁰⁷pb/²³⁵U. Its ²⁰⁶pb/²³⁸U age is 561.3 ± 0.3 Ma (unweighted mean, uncertainty quoted at the 95% confidence level); the U‐Pb system is concordant within uncertainty of decay constants. Zircon M257 contains ～ 840 μg g^?1 U (Th/U ～ 0.27). The material exhibits remarkably low heterogeneity, with a virtual absence of any internal textures even in cathodoluminescence images. The uniform, moderate degree of radiation damage (estimated from the expansion of unit‐cell parameters, broadening of Raman spectral parameters and density) corresponds well, within the “Sri Lankan trends”, with actinide concentrations, U‐Pb age, and the calculated alpha fluence of 1.66 × 10¹⁸ g^?1. This, and a (U+Th)/He age of 419 ± 9 Ma (2s), enables us to exclude any unusual thermal history or heat treatment, which could potentially have affected the retention of radiogenic Pb. The oxygen isotope ratio of this zircon is 13.9%o VSMOW suggesting a metamorphic genesis in a marble or calc‐silicate skarn.  相似文献   

Recommended Values of ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu and ^239+240Pu Concentrations in Reference Material IAEA-315 (Marine Sediment) Estimated by Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and Alpha Spectrometry     

Taeko Shinonaga  Helmuth Aigner  Dilani Klose  Peter Spinder  Heinz Fröschl  David Donohue 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):93-101

The recommended concentrations of ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu and ^239+240Pu in reference material IAEA‐315 (marine sediment) were estimated by three analytical methods: isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS), isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and alpha spectrometry. The determination of ²³⁹Pu and ²⁴⁰Pu (^239+240Pu by alpha spectrometry) was carried out with samples from randomly selected bottles using each method. Plutonium‐238 was also measured by alpha spectrometry. A plutonium‐242 reference material was used as a spike for the quantitative analysis. The influence of ²⁴²Pu in the samples was therefore calculated; however, this contribution was less than the range of uncertainty and did not influence the final results. The obtained data were statistically analysed using variance component analysis and paired comparison. The combined standard uncertainties from “method/measurement”, “bottle” and “sub‐sample” were in the order of 3 to 6%. The main contributions to the uncertainty were from the material heterogeneity and from systematic differences between methods. Based on this study with twenty‐seven analyses using 10–14 g sample mass, concentrations of (38 ± 3) Bq kg^?1, (28 ± 3) Bq kg^?1 and (66 ± 4) Bq kg^?1 are proposed as recommended values for ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu and ^239+240Pu, respectively, and (9.5 ± 0.4) Bq kg^?1 for ²³⁸Pu as an information value in reference material IAEA‐315. In mass concentration units, these amount to (16.4 ± 1.2) ng kg^?1, (3.3 ± 0.4) ng kg^?1 and (0.015 ± 0.003) ng kg^?1 for ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu and ²³⁸Pu, respectively. The certified reference materials NIST 4350B and NIST 4354 were also analysed by TIMS for quality assurance of the method used in this study.  相似文献