栗木矿田沟挂垒富锂氟稀有金属花岗岩大规模气-液分离的岩石学证据及演化特征     

梁磊 《矿产与地质》2014,(1):79-87

深部钻探取得的实际材料表明,栗木矿田沟挂垒隐伏花岗岩自上而下具有明显的分带性,通过细致的岩石学研究,得出花岗岩的分带性与岩浆侵位时发生的大规模气-液分离及随后的演化有关的结论。岩浆演化先后经历了岩浆富水结晶阶段、第一次气-液分离阶段、熔体快速结晶阶段、第二次气-液分离及大规模交代阶段,形成了一系列相关的岩石和分带。  相似文献   

燃烧水解-离子选择电极法测定植物样品中氟含量的方法改进   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

赵怀颖  孙德忠  吕庆斌 《岩矿测试》2010,29(1):39-42

对燃烧水解-离子选择电极法测定氟离子含量的方法进行改进。采用标准溶液添加法绘制标准曲线,用去离子水吸收,操作简单,减少了误差,适用于低氟植物样品的测定。方法检测限为0.45μg/g,回收率为90.2%~109.7%。将改进的电极法应用于低氟植物试样的检测,结果与离子色谱法测定值相符。  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemical evaluation of high-fluoride groundwaters: a case study from Mehsana District,Gujarat, India     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6):1149-1162

Abstract

Groundwater quality problems have emerged in many geographical areas due to natural environmental processes and human intervention in the geosystems. Hydrogeochemical appraisal of fluoride contaminated groundwater in Mehsana District, Gujarat State, India is carried out by means of groundwater quality investigations together with X-ray diffraction analysis of soil samples in the delineated high fluoride areas. Results show that fluoride has negative relationships with calcium, whereas relationships with sodium, alkalinity and sulphate are positive. Results obtained from aqueous speciation modelling using PHREEQC reveal that the groundwater is undersaturated with fluorite and oversaturated with calcite. The factor analysis indicates that sodium plus potassium bicarbonate groundwater have high factor loading for fluoride, whereas that for calcium chloride and magnesium chloride groundwater is low. The plausible geochemical reactions in the study area are precipitation of calcite and dissolution of dolomite, carbon dioxide and sulphate minerals with ion exchange.  相似文献   

浙江北部地区地下水高氟和高砷分布特点和建议     

姜月华  李云  周迅  贾军元  周权平  李云峰 《火山地质与矿产》2010,(2):120-126

在分析了浙江北部地区地下水类型、特征、地下水开采现状和水位变化基础上,通过对不同类型地下水深井样品测试数据的研究,查明了区域地下水高氟和高砷的分布特点。高氟区主要出现于妙西花岗岩裂隙水和白雀岩溶水分布区,高砷区主要位于南浔第Ⅱ承压含水层局部区域。研究认为高氟和高砷地下水分布区与区域土壤和浅层地下水中总氟和总砷含量没有直接联系,深井地下水中的高氟和高砷主要与深部断裂构造有关。研究地区的这种高氟和高砷地下水目前仍然为很多居民所饮用,作者认为长期饮用这种高氟和高砷地下水容易导致地方病的产生,建议在高氟和高砷地下水分布区停止生活用水开采,有条件的企事业单位应实行改水方案。  相似文献   

Identifying the Hydrochemical Characteristics, Genetic Mechanisms and Potential Human Health Risks of Fluoride and Nitrate Enriched Groundwater in the Tongzhou District, Beijing, North China     

ZHANG Shouchuan  LIU Kai  MA Yan  WANG Luyao  SUN Junliang 《《地质学报》英文版》2024,98(2):468-476

Fluoride and nitrate enriched groundwater are potential threats to the safety of the groundwater supply that may cause significant effects on human health and public safety, especially in aggregated population areas and economic hubs. This study focuses on the high F? and NO3? concentration groundwater in Tongzhou District, Beijing, North China. A total of 36 groundwater samples were collected to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics, elucidate genetic mechanisms and evaluate the potential human health risks. The results of the analysis indicate: Firstly, most of the groundwater samples are characterized by Mg-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 with the pH ranging from 7.19 to 8.28 and TDS with a large variation across the range 471–2337 mg/L. The NO3? concentration in 38.89% groundwater samples and the F? concentration in 66.67% groundwater samples exceed the permissible limited value. Secondly, F? in groundwater originates predominantly from water-rock interactions and the fluorite dissolution, which is also regulated by cation exchange, competitive adsorption of HCO3? and an alkaline environment. Thirdly, the effect of sewage disposal and agricultural activities have a significant effect on high NO3– concentration, while the high F? concentration is less influenced by anthropogenic activity. The alkaline environment favors nitrification, thus being conducive to the production of NO3?. Finally, the health risk assessment is evaluated for different population groups. The results indicate that high NO3? and F? concentration in groundwater would have the largest threat to children’s health. The findings of this study could contribute to the provision of a scientific basis for groundwater supply policy formulation relating to public health in Tongzhou District.  相似文献   

内蒙古托克托县潜水与承压水中氟化物的空间分布特征及形成机理     

冯海波  董少刚  史晓珑  王克玲  刘白薇  李政葵  刘晓波 《现代地质》2016,30(3):672-679

氟是维持人体健康所必需的微量元素,过多或过少的摄入都会造成相应的健康问题。本研究从氟的来源、迁移和富集等角度,揭示了内蒙古呼和浩特市托克托县高氟地下水的空间分布规律及其在潜水和承压水中富集的原因。对研究区60个水样(30个潜水和30个承压水)进行了统计分析、水化学特征研究、聚类分析以及相关性分析。结果表明：潜水中F^- 浓度为0.40~7.20(2.30±1.80) mg/L,承压水中F^- 浓度为0.29~12.70(1.67±2.48) mg/L;地下水中F-浓度与HCO^-₃、Na⁺、溶解性总固体(TDS)和电导率(EC)呈正相关,与Ca²⁺呈一定的负相关关系。高氟水的水化学类型主要为HCO₃·Cl-Na型。受地下水流场的控制,高氟潜水(>5 mg/L)主要分布在地下水的排泄区;承压水中F^- 的富集主要受含水层岩性的影响,氟高浓度(>1.5 mg/L)分布区主要集中在研究区南部的湖积台地区域。  相似文献   

羟基磷灰石除氟的实验地球化学研究          下载免费PDF全文

任超  王洪涛  季峻峰  李伟 《高校地质学报》2016,22(2):289

中国和世界上许多国家（地区） 都面临着饮用水氟含量超标的问题,因此研究氟的环境地球化学行为以及探索除氟 技术和原理至关重要。本实验采用廉价的非金属矿物羟基磷灰石作为吸附材料,研究羟基磷灰石吸附溶解态F-的地球化学 行为和机制,考察反应时间、pH、初始F-浓度等环境参数对吸附反应的影响。实验结果发现羟基磷灰石对F-的吸附反应需 进行到48 h以上时才接近反应平衡。在实验条件下（pH≥4）,F-的吸附量随pH升高而降低,羟基磷灰石对F-的吸附受pH 调控。同时还发现羟基磷灰石在pH=6条件下对F-的吸附等温线既满足Langmuir等温模式（R2=0.89） 同时也满足Freundlich 等温模式（R2=0.99）,并推导出该条件的理论最大吸附量为21.6×10-3。本研究还进一步采用了先进的XRD、SEM、 HR-TEM、19F NMR手段,系统地表征了反应前后吸附产物的形态和成分变化,发现在高F-浓度条件下,F-在羟基磷灰石表 面的吸附机制不再是单层的表面配位。核磁共振的结果表明F-可部分取代羟基磷灰石结构中的隧道羟基而形成含氟羟基磷 灰石。研究结果表明羟基磷灰石是一种相当具有潜力的除氟材料,值得进一步开发。  相似文献   

负载镧的EGDE交联壳聚糖微球对氟离子的吸附平衡与吸附动力学     

李永富  孟范平  杜秀萍  周游 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(6):34-39

采用负载镧的乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(EGDE)交联壳聚糖微球对含氟水进行吸附处理.该吸附剂的适宜工作条件为:温度30～50℃,pH值7.0,吸附时间30 min.用吸附等温线描述了F-在吸附剂上的吸附平衡,并用动力学模型研究了其吸附动力学机制.结果表明:吸附剂对F-的吸附平衡符合Langmuir吸附等温线和Freundlich吸附等温线,饱和吸附容量为25.7mg·g-1;该吸附剂对F-的吸附既包含化学吸附又包含物理吸附过程,以单分子层的化学吸附为主;吸附动力学符合拟二级动力学方程,吸附过程受化学吸附机理的控制,颗粒内扩散和液膜形成的边界层是其限速步骤.  相似文献   

Application of geospatial modelling technique in delineation of fluoride contamination zones within Dwarka Basin,Birbhum, India     

Raju Thapa  Srimanta Gupta  D.V. Reddy 《地学前缘(英文版)》2017,8(5):1105-1114

Dwarka River Basin is one of the fluoride affected river basin in Birbhum, West Bengal. In the present research work, various controlling factors for fluoride contamination in groundwater i.e., geology, aquifer type, groundwater table, soil, rainfall, geomorphology, drainage density, land use land cover, lineament and fault density, slope and elevation were considered to delineate the potential fluoride contamination zones within Dwarka River Basin in Birbhum. Assigning weights and ranks to various inputs factor class and their sub-class respectively was carried out on the basis of knowledge driven method. Weighted overlay analysis was carried out to generate the final potential fluoride contamination zones which are classified into two broad classes i.e., ‘high’ and ‘low’, and it is observed that major portion of the study area falls under low fluoride contamination category encompassing 88.61% of the total area which accounts for 759.48 km² and high fluoride contaminated region accounts for 11.40% of the total study area encompassing an area of about 97.67 km². Majority of high fluoride areas fall along the flood plain of Dwarka River Basin. Finally, for validation 197 reported points within Dwarka having fluoride in underground water are overlaid and an overall accuracy of 92.15% is observed. An accuracy of 83.21% and 84.24% is obtained for success and prediction rate curve respectively.  相似文献   

预富集柱—离子色谱法测定高纯水中痕量氟和氯   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

辛仁轩  姜镭 《岩矿测试》1997,16(2):150-152

在国产离子色谱仪上加装填充有季铵型阴离子交换剂的预富集柱，所设计的流路和方法可将测定Ｆ－和Ｃｌ－的检出限分别降至０１７μｇ／Ｌ和０２７μｇ／Ｌ。测定精密度好，ＲＳＤ＜５％，方法满足反应堆堆芯冷却水中痕量Ｆ－和Ｃｌ－的检测要求。  相似文献