用于盐湖提锂的聚酰胺复合纳滤膜制备及其性能研究          下载免费PDF全文

李燕  王敏  赵有璟  彭正军 《盐湖研究》2023,31(1):1-10

纳滤膜技术以其环境友好、装置集成度高和智能化控制等优势,在卤水锂资源绿色开发领域具有良好的应用前景。实验通过添加聚乙烯醇对纳滤膜功能层进行改性,考察了聚乙烯醇相对含量对纳滤膜性能的影响。结果表明,聚乙烯醇参与界面聚合反应,纳滤膜功能层O/N比增加,聚乙烯醇分子链间氢键作用降低纳滤膜表面粗糙度。羟基官能团的引入有效改善纳滤膜材料亲水效果,膜面羧基密度随聚乙烯醇相对添加量的增加逐渐增加。聚乙烯醇改性纳滤膜截留效果优异,纳滤膜对镁离子的截留率高于95%,锂离子截留率低于-44%,不可逆通量衰减指数低于15%。聚乙烯醇改性纳滤膜材料具有较好的镁锂分离选择效果及抗污染能力,为用于盐湖卤水镁锂分离国产化纳滤膜材料的开发提供新思路。  相似文献   

Seasonal variability in the recruitment of macrofouling community in Kudankulam waters, east coast of India   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S. Satheesh  S. Godwin Wesley 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(3):518-524

The seasonal variability in fouling community recruitment on submerged artificial substratum was studied in Kudankulam coastal water, Gulf of Mannar, East coast of India for a period of two years, from May 2003 to April 2005. The results indicated that the fouling community recruitment occurred throughout the year with varying intensities. Barnacles, ascidians, polychaetes, bivalves and seaweeds were the major fouling groups observed from the test panels. Maximum fouling biomass of 9.17 g dm⁻² was observed during August 2004 and a minimum value of 0.233 g dm⁻² in February 2004. The biomass build-up on test panels was relatively high during the premonsoon season and low during the postmonsoon months. The number of barnacles settled on the panels varied from 1 to 4460 no. dm⁻². The maximum percentage of the ascidian coverage (72%) on test panels was observed during March 2005. In general, July–December was the period of intense recruitment for barnacles and March–May was the period for ascidians.  相似文献   

Impacts of Coagulation Pretreatment on MF Filtration and a Comparative Study of Different Membrane Module Types     

LIU Oi-feng Kim Seung-hyun Yun Jong-sup Moon Seong-yong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4):295-299

Changes in the regulatory requirements and the forthcoming Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Products （D/DBP） Rule will require that drinking water treatment facilities be operated to achieve maximum removals of particles and disinfectant tolerant microorganisms as well as natural organic matter （NOM）. For drinking water production, the use of membrane filtration processes such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration （MF/UF） alone to satisfy the turbidity, particle and microorganism removal a requirement of the surface water treatment regulation （SWTR） is not enough. MF/UF treatment processes can achieve only nominal （10 percent） removal of disinfection by-products （DBP） precursors （James, et al., 1995）. On the other hand, too fast fouling can make the filtration processes more difficult to carry on. To solve these problems, many authors have been interested in installing coagulation pretreatment before membrane filtration to improve membrane performance. However, previous studies reported conflicting results. Some supported the effectiveness of coagulation pretreatment, while others contended that coagulation aggravated membrane performance. This research aims to identify the effects of coagulation pretreatment on membrane filtration through a pilot study using PVDF membrane in combination with analyzing the rationale of coagulation. Another objective of this research was to evaluate the different impacts on membrane performance of using different membrane modules （the submerged module and pressured module）. The results showed that coagulation pretreatment greatly improved the membrane performance, extending the filtration time as well as reducing the permeated organic level, and that the submerged module is much more efficient than the pressured module.  相似文献   

固体浮力材料海洋生物污损及其防护研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

杨转  陈妙谋  王文硏  刘刚 《海洋技术学报》2023,(3):88-100

固体浮力材料为水下设备设施提供必要的浮力,是海洋开发和作业不可缺少的重要材料,其长期在海洋环境中使用,容易受到海洋生物污损的影响。海洋污损生物附着在固体浮力材料表面,会对浮力材料本身和使用浮力材料的设备产生严重的危害,导致浮力材料性能下降、功能受损,严重影响了水下设施设备的使用寿命及经济价值。本文通过检索近阶段固体浮力材料及海洋生物污损领域的研究进展,总结了固体浮力材料的特性、海洋生物污损原理和污损防护技术。重点分析和比较了各类防护技术的作用机理、适用范围及优缺点,评估了复合防护法和新型防护法的发展及应用前景,基于工程实践经验针对固体浮力材料防污技术的未来发展趋势进行了探讨并提出了建议。  相似文献   

南海污损生物研究的现状及展望   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

方芳  严涛 《热带海洋学报》2004,23(1):76-85

污损生物的研究包括生态学、附着机理和防除研究3个方面，其中生态学是基础，附着机理是核心，而防除研究则是解决生物污损问题的终极目标。回顾了中国南海多年来污损生物研究的发展历程，论述了该海区污损生物的主要生态特点，并从生态学角度、生物附着机理和防除手段的研究开发等方面探讨了下一阶段的研究重点和发展方向。  相似文献   

Nanofiltration/Reverse Osmosis as Pretreatment Technique for Water Reuse: Ultrafiltration Versus Tertiary Membrane Reactor     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(5)

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A Pilot‐Scale Diatomite Membrane Bioreactor for Slightly Polluted Surface Water Treatment          下载免费PDF全文

Wen Sun  Cuimei Li  Bingzhi Dong  Huaqiang Chu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(9)

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Influence of submersion season on the development of test panel biofouling communities in a tropical coast     

S. Satheesh  S.G. Wesley 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,94(2):155-163

The effect of test panel submersion season on the colonization of biofouling communities in a tropical coast revealed that the effects of panel submersion time should be taken into consideration for modelling fouling community recruitment dynamics in coastal systems or during the field trials of antifouling coatings. Wooden test panels fitted onto a raft were submerged during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons for the development of the biofouling community. Results showed considerable variation in the colonization of fouling communities on test panels submerged during different seasons. Barnacles, tubeworms, ascidians and seaweeds were the major fouling communities that colonized the test panels. The total biomass of the fouling communities that settled on the post-monsoon season panels varied from the initial value of 2.72 g dm⁻² to a maximum of 44.5 g dm⁻². On the panels submerged during monsoon season, the total biomass of fouling communities varied between 0.78 g dm⁻² and 69.9 g dm⁻². The total fouling biomass on the pre-monsoon season panels varied between 2.95 and 33.5 g dm⁻². Barnacles were the initial colonizers on the panels submerged during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Soft-bodied organisms such as ascidians dominated the monsoon season-initiated panel series during the initial period.  相似文献   

油田污水管道设备污损分析     

陈学政  韩冰 《海洋科学》2005,29(7):65-68

根据实践经验并参考近10年来的文献,从工程技术角度分析了原油处理厂处理油田采出水时遇到的腐蚀和结垢问题,从污水水质、腐蚀形态和污垢形成3个方面阐述了管道设备污损现状和原因,并分别从应用耐蚀材料、阴极保护技术、改变水质和提高工程质量4个方面提出了应对方案。  相似文献   

珍珠贝在南海北部海洋结构物上的分布     

王华接  严文侠  董钰  严岩  严涛  梁冠和 《热带海洋学报》2000,19(1)

:1 98 6— 1 995年在南海北部水域对 1 6个海洋结构物 (其中 1 2个生物调查浮标 ,2个Marex水文资料浮标和 2个固定石油生产平台 )上珍珠贝科 (Pteriidae)的水平和垂直分布进行了调查 ,共发现有珍珠贝科 2属 1 0种。文中讨论了它们的分布与该水域的海流特征、结构物离岸距离及珍珠贝幼虫发育的关系 ,并认为 ,企鹅珍珠贝Pteria(Magnavicula)penguin、短翼珍珠贝P .(Austropteria)brevialata和珠母贝Pinctadamargartifera、鹌鹑珍珠贝Pteria (A .)coturnix将分别为B2站、YM1站和Z1站海区未来海洋结构物污损生物的优势种。  相似文献