6种笛鲷属鱼类Cyt b基因片段序列的比较   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

周发林  江世贵  苏天凤  吕俊霖 《热带海洋学报》2004,23(4):87-92

采用聚合酶链式反应直接测序法，获得紫红笛鲷(Lutjanus argentimaculatus)、白星笛鲷(L．stellatus)、千年笛鲷(L．sebae)、勒氏笛鲷(L．russelli)、红鳍笛鲷(L．erythropterus)5种笛鲷属鱼的线粒体细胞色素b(Cyt b)425bp序列，并结合基因库中的斜带笛鲷(L．decussatus)Cytb同源序列进行比较分析，共发现88个核苷酸位点存在变异(20．7％)。用MEGA2．1软件中的Pairwise distance工具计算了6种笛鲷属鱼类的相对遗传距离，表明6种笛鲷属鱼类的序列差异在0．096-0．129之间，其中红鳍笛鲷和紫红笛鲷序列差异最大为0．129，千年笛鲷与红鳍笛鲷的序列差异最小为0．096；序列变异的转换／颠换比值较低，平均只有2．160。  相似文献   

福建太平洋牡蛎种群微卫星DNA分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈曦  黄勤  江锦祥  马平 《台湾海峡》2007,26(4):548-554

本文采用Ucdcg153、157、202微卫星引物对福建两个太平洋牡蛎(学名为长牡蛎Crassostrea gigas)养殖种群进行扩增分析和序列测定.与采自漳浦旧镇的近江牡蛎(C. ariakensis)比较,前者对以上三种引物全部呈阳性反应,后者只对Ucdcg157显阳性.与Genebank提供的相关序列比较,福建太平洋牡蛎与Genebank样品应属同源,其中漳浦霞美和厦门白礁的样品则可能代表同一种群的两个衍生品系.本项调查结果同时显示,近亲繁殖的育苗方式已经导致福建太平洋牡蛎种群裂化;任其发展不利于维护良种优势.本次采集的样品中未发现显示葡萄牙牡蛎、熊本牡蛎和美洲牡蛎微卫星特征的个体.  相似文献   

马氏珠母贝微卫星快速分离及遗传多样性分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

佟广香  闫学春  匡友谊  梁利群  孙效文  王爱民  王嫣 《海洋学报》2007,29(4):170-176

马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii Dunker)又称合浦珠母贝,是世界上用于生产海水珍珠的最主要贝类之一.自60年代我国成功地开展马氏珠母贝的人工育苗以来,海水珍珠养殖业发展迅速,至20世纪90年代,海水珍珠养殖已成为广东、广西和海南沿海部分地区的支柱产业,海水珍珠成为出口创汇的重要产品.海水珍珠产业的发展仅靠采捕天然野生的亲贝已不能满足生产的需要,越来越多地用人工养殖的亲贝进行人工繁殖.而采用少数亲贝(尤其是养殖亲贝)的育苗导致近亲繁殖,使马氏珠母贝种质资源出现了退化,在海水珍珠养殖上产生的直接后果是珍珠的质量和产量(单产)明显下降.  相似文献   

Parametric Analysis of A Submerged Cylindrical Shell Subjected to Shock Waves     

李上明  FAN  Sau-Cheong 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(1):125-136

In this study,an FEM-SBFEM(scaled boundary finite element method)coupling procedure proposed by Fan et al.(2005)is adopted to obtain the dynamic responses of a submerged cylindrical shell subjected to plane step or exponential acoustic shock waves.The coupling procedure can readily be applied to three-dimensional problem,however for clarity,the problems to be presented are limited to two-dimensional domain.In the analyses,the cylindrical shell is modeled by simple beam elements(using FEM),while the effects of the surrounding infinite fluid is modeled by the SBFEM.In it,no free surface and seabed are involved.Compared with Fan and his co-authors' works,the FEM-SBFEM coupling procedure is further verified to be feasible for shock waves by benchmark examples.Furthermore,parametric studies are performed and presented to gain insight into effects of the geometric and material properties of the cylindrical shell on its dynamic responses.  相似文献   

福建省海岸线遥感调查方法及其应用研究   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

孙美仙  张伟 《台湾海峡》2004,23(2):213-218,i001

本文论述了利用遥感技术进行海岸线信息提取的实现方法,提供了完整的遥感调查技术路线,确定了海岸线的遥感解译标志和解译原则,完成了福建省海岸线信息解译工作.利用TM卫星遥感资料解译得出福建省大陆海岸线长度为3102km,其中淤泥海岸约740km,沙滩海岸约268km,基岩海岸约1367km,人工海岸约695km,河口海岸约32km.  相似文献   

海洋经济贝类分子遗传标记及其应用的研究进展     

林志华  包振民  王如才 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(4):533-540

摘 分子遗传标记是随着分子生物学技术的发展而出现的遗传标记技术，它突破了形态和细胞水平上遗传标记的局限性，发挥着独特的优势。本文简要介绍了同工酶、RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、mtDNA、SSR等几种常用的分子遗传标记技术方法，并比较了各种技术的优点和局限性；概述了这些遗传标记技术在海洋经济贝类群体遗传结构和变异、遗传分化、遗传育种、种质鉴定、基因定位和构建遗传图谱研究等方面的应用和取得的研究成果。  相似文献   

海域油气勘查研究程度的优化分析     

王炳玉 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1994,14(4):89-94

本文运用系统论、控制论和信息论是分析解决海域油气的“勘查研究程度”问题，不仅阐述了“勘查研究程度”的本质，而且阐明一些新颖的反映“勘查研究程度”特征的概念。  相似文献   

Optimizing the reservoir operating rule curves by genetic algorithms     

Fi‐John Chang  Li Chen  Li‐Chiu Chang 《水文研究》2005,19(11):2277-2289

Genetic algorithms, founded upon the principle of evolution, are applicable to many optimization problems, especially popular for solving parameter optimization problems. Reservoir operating rule curves are the most common way for guiding and managing the reservoir operation. These rule curves traditionally are derived through intensive simulation techniques. The main aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of two genetic algorithms (GAs), i.e., binary coded and real coded, to derive multipurpose reservoir operating rule curves. The curves are assumed to be piecewise linear functions where the coordinates of their inflection points are the unknowns and we want to optimize system performance. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed methods are tested on the operation of the Shih‐Men reservoir in Taiwan. The current M‐5 operating curves of the Shih‐Men reservoir are also evaluated. The results show that the GAs provide an adequate, effective and robust way for searching the rule curves. Both sets of operating rule curves obtained from GAs have better performance, in terms of water release deficit and hydropower, than the current M‐5 operating rule curves, while the real‐coded GA is more efficient than the binary‐coded GA. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Single‐and multi‐objective genetic algorithm optimization for identifying soil parameters     

A. Papon  Y. Riou  C. Dano  P.‐Y. Hicher 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(5):597-618

This paper discusses the quality of the procedure employed in identifying soil parameters by inverse analysis. This procedure includes a FEM‐simulation for which two constitutive models—a linear elastic perfectly plastic Mohr–Coulomb model and a strain‐hardening elasto‐plastic model—are successively considered. Two kinds of optimization algorithms have been used: a deterministic simplex method and a stochastic genetic method. The soil data come from the results of two pressuremeter tests, complemented by triaxial and resonant column testing. First, the inverse analysis has been performed separately on each pressuremeter test. The genetic method presents the advantage of providing a collection of satisfactory solutions, among which a geotechnical engineer has to choose the optimal one based on his scientific background and/or additional analyses based on further experimental test results. This advantage is enhanced when all the constitutive parameters sensitive to the considered problem have to be identified without restrictions in the search space. Second, the experimental values of the two pressuremeter tests have been processed simultaneously, so that the inverse analysis becomes a multi‐objective optimization problem. The genetic method allows the user to choose the most suitable parameter set according to the Pareto frontier and to guarantee the coherence between the tests. The sets of optimized parameters obtained from inverse analyses are then used to calculate the response of a spread footing, which is part of a predictive benchmark. The numerical results with respect to both the constitutive models and the inverse analysis procedure are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Increasing water losses from snow captured in the canopy of boreal forests: A case study using a 30 year data set          下载免费PDF全文

Nataliia Kozii  Hjalmar Laudon  Mikaell Ottosson‐Löfvenius  Niles J. Hasselquist 《水文研究》2017,31(20):3558-3567

Water losses from snow intercepted by forest canopy can significantly influence the hydrological cycle in seasonally snow‐covered regions, yet how snow interception losses (SIL) are influenced by a changing climate are poorly understood. In this study, we used a unique 30 year record (1986–2015) of snow accumulation and snow water equivalent measurements in a mature mixed coniferous (Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris ) forest stand and an adjacent open area to assess how changes in weather conditions influence SIL. Given little change in canopy cover during this study, the 20% increase in SIL was likely the result of changes in winter weather conditions. However, there was no significant change in average wintertime precipitation and temperature during the study period. Instead, mean monthly temperature values increased during the early winter months (i.e., November and December), whereas there was a significant decrease in precipitation in March. We also assessed how daily variation in meteorological variables influenced SIL and found that about 50% of the variation in SIL was correlated to the amount of precipitation that occurred when temperatures were lower than ?3 °C and to the proportion of days with mean daily temperatures higher than +0.4 °C. Taken together, this study highlights the importance of understanding the appropriate time scale and thresholds in which weather conditions influence SIL in order to better predict how projected climate change will influence snow accumulation and hydrology in boreal forests in the future.  相似文献