星载合成孔径雷达遥感及多卫星遥感数据融合方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

何国金  李克鲁 《地质科技情报》1997,(Z1)

合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）数据，以其特有的成像机理和对地物信息的属性描述及其全天时、全天候作业能力，形成了对传统多光谱遥感数据的互补。通过数据融合技术，可以优化遥感信息资源，实现多卫星遥感数据的优势互补，使遥感信息得到最大限度的利用，从而为地学研究中的各种模型方法和决策系统提供科学依据。根据信息的抽象程度不同，融合可分为原始数据融合、目标级融合和决策级融合三个层次。在不同的层次具有相对应的信息融合方法。  相似文献   

一种基于数据融合的地球物理数据联合反演方法   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

敬荣中  鲍光淑  林剑  陈绍裘 《地球物理学报》2004,47(1):143-150

从地球物理反演的基本概念出发，认为地球物理反演是 对实测数据的地球物理属性的理解或解释，多方法的地球物理数据联合反演是一种多传感器 的数据融合. 本文分析了地球物理数据的模糊特性，采用基于语义的模糊化方法，使不同物 理意义和尺度的特征数据及测区的地质和地球物理背景成为一体，结合地球物理专家解释的 方法，利用基于模糊逻辑系统的神经网络实现了融合. 该方法充分利用了各种地球物理探测 数据的全部信息，避免了线性反演的复杂计算；其数据融合的观点,为解决地球物理联合反 演问题提供了新的思路. 通过模拟实验和应用实例验证，该方法是有效的.  相似文献   

消除噪声的RNF图像融合算法     

吴连喜梁波  刘平辉 《华东地质学院学报》2004,27(3):281-284

在多光谱遥感图像中有时也会存在较严重的随机点噪声的干扰，这种随机点噪声严重影响了地物光谱特征提取和识别的精度，降低了各种遥感定量分析方法技术的有效性。常用的遥感图像随机噪声消除或压抑方法是Fourier变换频率域方法和采用平滑模板对图像进行卷积处理的空间域方法，但它们往往会损失图像信息。文章探讨了消除或压抑噪声的图像融合方法，即RNF融合法。RNF融合算法先对参与融合的多光谱图像进行低通滤波，对全色波段进行高通滤波。然后将滤波后的全色波段与多光谱图像用HSI变换法进行融合，融合后的图像消除了噪声。  相似文献   

A hybrid method for size characterization of coarse subsurface fluvial sediments     

Stephen P. Rice  Judith K. Haschenburger 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(3):373-389

This paper introduces and evaluates a novel method for ascertaining the grain‐size distribution of subsurface sediments that involves profoundly less sampling effort than standard methods. It is based on hybrid sampling principles previously applied to the construction of synthetic surface grain‐size distributions. The method is developed from an empirical demonstration of the approximate similarity of surface and subsurface grain‐size distributions when compared over a common range of sizes. Subsurface hybrid models are found to provide good facsimiles of grain‐size distributions de?ned using standard criteria and to yield distribution percentiles with millimetre accuracy. The technique is presented as an expedient alternative to standard methods for large, perennial gravel‐bed rivers. As this is a new technique, prudent application is advised in lieu of further investigation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Integrated spatial sampling modeling of geospatial data     

LI Lianfa & WANG Jinfeng State Key Laboratory of Resources  Environment Information System  Institute of Geography Science & Natural Resources Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(3)

Sampling is to, by efficient selection of samples, acquire the accurate information about the population (the research object) at less cost. Spatial sampling is a kind of sampling toward geospatial objects or features with spatial correlation. The differences between effi-cient sampling and completely universal survey lie in quality, time and cost. Sampling provides a kind of economical, prompt and accurate survey[13]. Efficient spatial sampling can be regarded as the optimization of the sampl…  相似文献   

Integration, validation and point spacing optimisation of digital elevation models   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Simon J. Buckley  Harvey L. Mitchell 《The Photogrammetric Record》2004,19(108):277-295

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高倍稀释熔融制样X射线荧光光谱测定钨砂和铬铁矿中主含量   总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4  

吴秀兰  朱明达  张志峰  王伊琴 《岩矿测试》2004,23(1):73-74

用X射线荧光光谱测定钨砂中WO3和铬铁矿中Cr2O3,通过高倍稀释熔融玻璃片制样法,采用高纯WO3或Cr2O3作单一标准样测量X射线荧光强度计数,然后同未知样品测量所得X射线荧光强度计数相比,即可计算出WO3和Cr2O3的测量值.方法用于钨砂矿和铬铁矿中WO3和Cr2O3的测定,结果与标准值相符.  相似文献   

基于RS和GIS的松花江流域(吉林省段)水资源网络化管理技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何磊  陈圣波 《世界地质》2004,23(2):163-168

松花江流域(吉林省段)水资源网络化管理系统既是一个基于3S技术和网络技术集成的空间决策支持系统，也是一个综合性管理信息系统。它的三维环境可视化功能可显示河流地形和走向，公共信息交互式操作能方便用户查询各种空间信息和数据，网络化管理职能为水资源管理部门对水环境污染、水资源合理利用的预测和决策提供了参考。本文对这项网络化管理信息系统的技术方案和运行步骤进行了探讨。  相似文献   

The 1996 Eruption of Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka: Historical Record of Basaltic Replenishment of an Andesite Reservoir   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

IZBEKOV  PAVEL E.; EICHELBERGER  JOHN C.; IVANOV  BORIS V. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(11):2325-2345

The simultaneous eruption in 1996 of andesite from Karymskyvolcano and of basalt from the Academy Nauk vent 6 km away appearsto provide a case of mafic recharge of an andesite reservoirfor which the time of recharge is exactly known and direct samplesof the recharging magma are available. The explosive phreato-magmaticeruption of basalt was terminated in less than 24 h, whereasandesite erupted continuously during the following 4 years.Detailed petrological study of volcanic ash, bombs and lavasof Karymsky andesite erupted during the period 1996–1999provides evidence for basaltic replenishment at the beginningof the eruptive cycle, as well as a record of compositionalvariations within the Karymsky magma reservoir induced by basalticrecharge. Shortly after the beginning of the eruption the compositionof the matrix glass of the Karymsky tephra became more maficand then, within 2 months, gradually returned to its originalstate and remained almost constant for the following 3 years.Further evidence for basaltic replenishment is provided by thepresence of xenocrysts of basaltic origin in the andesite ofKarymsky. A conspicuous portion of the plagioclase phenocrystsin the Karymsky andesite has calcic cores, with compositionsand textures resembling those of plagioclases in the AcademyNauk basalt. Similarly, the earlier portion of the andesiteof the eruption sequence contains rare olivines, which occuras resorbed cores in pyroxenes. The composition of the olivinematches that of olivines in the Academy Nauk basalt. The sequenceof events appears to be: (1) injection of basaltic magma intothe Karymsky chamber with immediate, compensating expulsionof pre-existing chamber magma from the Karymsky central vent;(2) direct mixing of basaltic and andesitic magmas with dispersalof phenocrysts associated with the basalt throughout the andesiteso that newly mixed magma appeared at the vent within 2 months;(3) re-establishment of thermal and chemical equilibrium withinthe reservoir involving crystallization in the new hybrid liquid,which returned the melt composition to ‘normal’,formed rims on inherited calcic plagioclase, and caused theresorption of dispersed olivine xenocrysts. Taken together,these findings indicate that the Karymsky magma reservoir wasrecharged by basalt at the onset of the 1996 eruptive cycle.The rapidity and thoroughness of mixing of the basalt with thepre-existing andesite probably reflects the modest contrastin temperature, viscosity, and density between the two magmas. KEY WORDS: Karymsky; Kamchatka; magma mixing; andesite; volcanic glass; plagioclase  相似文献   

Improved Platinum-Group Element Extraction by NiS Fire Assay from Chromitite Ore Samples Using a Flux Containing Sodium Metaphosphate   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L. Paul Bédard  Sarah-Jane Barnes 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2004,28(2):311-316

Many chromite-rich rocks contain relatively high concentrations of the platinum-group elements (PGE). In many cases, the phases carrying PGE occur as either platinum-group minerals (PGM) or as base metal sulfides in solid solution in sulfides. In some cases, such as the UG-2 unit of the Bushveld Complex, the PGM are occluded inside chromite grains. Chromites are notably difficult to dissolve in most fluxes and if the chromite contains some PGM the possibility exists that not all the PGE will be recovered during fusion. In this work, shortcomings in published methods of analysis based on the nickel sulfide fire assay procedure were investigated and a new procedure developed based on the addition of sodium metaphosphate to the fusion mixture. Optimum composition of the fusion mixture was found to be 10 g sodium metaphosphate and 9 g silica to 10 g sample, 15 g sodium carbonate, 30 g lithium tetraborate, 7.5 g nickel and 4.5 g sulfur to achieve complete dissolution of chromite grains. The new flux mixture was evaluated by the analysis of reference material CHR-Pt+ (which is known to contain PGM inside chromite grains) and no undissolved chromite grains were found in the glassy slag. Analysis of the nickel sulfide beads from this fire assay using neutron activation analysis showed similar results for Rh and Ru when compared with published conventional true (or accepted) values, while Au, Ir, Os, Pd and Pt values determined here were 10 to 30% higher than the corresponding published conventional true values. It was concluded that the addition of sodium metaphosphate improved chromite dissolution in the flux and appears to improve PGE recovery.  相似文献