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101.
Evolution and Morphodynamics of a Prograded Beach‐Ridge Foreland,Northern Baffin Island,Canadian Arctic Archipelago 下载免费PDF全文
Dominique St‐Hilaire‐Gravel Donald L. Forbes Trevor Bell 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2015,97(3):615-631
Landward retreat (marine transgression) is a common response of coastal systems to rising relative sea level. However, given sufficient sediment supply, the coast may advance seaward. The latter response of gravel barriers has been recorded in parts of southeastern and northwestern Canada, where seaward‐rising sets of beach ridges are observed in areas of Holocene RSL rise. Cape Charles Yorke, northern Baffin Island, is a 5 km long gravel foreland characterized by seaward‐rising beach‐ridge crest elevations. The prograded morphology of the Cape Charles Yorke foreland is a prime example of coastal response to a combination of rising RSL and abundant sediment supply, an unusual and little‐documented pattern in the Canadian Arctic. The main gravel supply to Cape Charles Yorke is likely from eroding bedrock and raised marine deposits southwest of the foreland. Although not the dominant sediment source, the Cape Charles Yorke delta contributed to the formation of the foreland by sheltering it from easterly storm waves and providing an anchor point for the prograding ridges. The truncation of relict ridges by the modern shoreline suggests a recent regime shift from continuous deposition to predominant erosion. The cause and timing of this shift are unknown but could result from a recent dwindling in sediment supply, increased accommodation space, increased wave energy, and/or an accelerated rise of relative sea level. 相似文献
102.
Changeability of Movable Bed‐Surface Particles in Natural,Gravel‐Bed Channels and Its Relation to Bedload Grain Size Distribution (Scott River,Svalbard) 下载免费PDF全文
Waldemar Kociuba Grzegorz Janicki 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2015,97(3):507-521
The presented paper analyses the variability of grain size distribution parameters of bedload transported by the gravel‐bed Scott River (Svalbard) draining a glacier catchment with an area of 10 km2. The grain size distribution analysis is one of the basic elements of identification of the fluvial transport mechanisms in gravel‐bed rivers. It is used for the determination of threshold values for bedload movement. It is also treated as an important indicator of the origin, routes of distribution, and conditions of transport and deposition of fluvial bedload. The field study in a natural proglacial gravel‐bed channel was carried out at two reaches in the mouth section of Scott River. The study revealed relatively high temporal variability and similar mean parameters of grain size distribution in conditions of low discharges. Bedload transport rates reached a mean of 71.9–76.0 kg d?1 in channel cross‐section. Bedload texture was dominated by gravels with a proportional contribution of the fine‐grained fraction along with very fine‐grained gravels (8‐2 mm) of 38.8%. The medium‐grained fraction (16‐8 mm) constituted 33.7%, with a lower contribution from the coarse‐grained fraction (32‐16 mm) of 23.2%, and the very coarse‐grained fraction (64‐32 mm) of 4.4%. Two periods in the course of bedload transport and distribution of grain size distribution parameters were distinguished based on variation of hydro‐meteorological conditions. The first half of the measurement period was distinguished by significantly higher values of daily loads and increased contribution of the coarse‐grained and very coarse‐grained fraction (28–31% and 6.2–6.6%, respectively). During this time, the river discharged up to 94% of bedload. This resulted in a clear tendency for riverbed scouring. The second half was distinguished by generally low daily bedload transport rates (<10 kg d?1), an increase in contribution of fine‐ and very fine‐grained gravels (42–55.6%), and a change in the tendency to aggradation. Grain size indices were more varied, and grains were usually finer and better sorted. Selective transport processes, often related to redeposition, were dominant in the channel. Along with an increase in flow velocity, conditions for material deposition became more variable. This was manifested in weaker sorting and an increase in grain diameter. 相似文献
103.
104.
地层剖面计算表的计算机自动处理 ,涉及剖面是由老地层向新地层测制还是由新地层向老地层测制、褶皱的识别处理、存在回测时 (特别是在回测中又存在背向斜时 )的处理、测段厚度及分层厚度的计算等几个主要环节。文章引入剖面方向系数 η、测段方向系数κ、回测系数 ρ 3个新参数 ,建立了地层剖面计算表自动处理的数学模型 ,可以非常方便地将剖面图及其柱状图以矢量格式输出 相似文献
105.
近几年来 ,在河南省舞钢市石漫滩水库北岸 ,已发现多处建筑物开裂损坏的现象 ,随着建筑向不良工程地质条件地段的发展 ,建筑物损坏有增大的趋势。本文对该区地层的分布特点及其工程地质条件进行分析论述 ,以期引起建筑和工程设计部门对该区不良地质现象的重视 ,达到避免事故发生的目的 相似文献
106.
Huiru Li Xueyong Zou Mengcui Zhang Liqiang Kang Chunlai Zhang Hong Cheng Xiaoxu Wu 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(5):907-920
A commonly used measure to prevent soil wind erosion is to cover the surface with gravel. Gravel can inhibit soil erosion by covering the surface directly, changing the airflow field near the surface and sharing the shear stress of wind. Similar to other roughness elements, the protective effect of gravel on soil is usually expressed in terms of the ratio of the shear stress on the exposed soil surface to the total shear stress on the rough surface due to wind, i.e. through a shear-stress partitioning model. However, the existing shear-stress partitioning models, represented by Raupach's model (RM93), are only applicable when the lateral coverage of the roughness elements, λ < 0.10, and the applicability of the models to flat-shaped roughness elements is unclear. The purpose of this study is to verify the applicability of RM93 for dense and flat-shaped gravel roughness elements by using shear-stress data from wind-tunnel measurements pertaining to roughness elements with different densities (0.013 ≤ λ ≤ 0.318) and flat shapes (height-to-width ratios in the range 0.20 ≤ H/W ≤ 0.63), and to modify RM93 to enhance its predictive ability. The results indicate that RM93 cannot accurately predict the shear-stress partitioning for surfaces covered by densely distributed and flat-shaped gravel roughness elements. This phenomenon occurs because, when roughness elements are distributed densely or are flat-shaped, the proportion of the shear stress on the top surface of the roughness elements (τc) to the total shear stress (τ) is large; in this case, τc plays a dominant role and serves as an essential component in the shear-stress partitioning model. Consequently, RM93 is modified by incorporating τc into the calculation of τ. Under conditions of λ < 0.32 and H/W > 0.2, the modified RM93 can yield satisfactory predictions regarding the shear-stress partitioning. 相似文献
107.
华南地区锡多金属矿床空间数据统计分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
基于MAPGIS系统平台空间分析方法的特点, 以华南地区的锡多金属矿床为空间分析对象,对锡多金属矿床的分布态势及有利成矿地层、构造、岩浆岩等要素的相关对象属性进行了统计分析, 初步总结出华南地区燕山期和晋宁期岩浆岩、泥盆系和侏罗系地层及NE向或NEE向断裂带等有利因素的叠加复合部位是寻找锡多金属矿床的有利成矿条件组合标志, 为成矿预测及相关区域找矿工作的部署提供了量化依据. 相似文献
108.
砾钢渣抗液化特性试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
陈化的钢渣作为土工回填材料是废弃钢渣循环利用的主要途径之一。按土的工程分类方法,将废弃钢渣划分为砾钢渣、粗钢渣和细钢渣。针对砾钢渣,考虑固结应力比、振动频率、围压和含砾量等影响因素开展动三轴试验研究。分析了砾钢渣的应力、应变和动孔隙水压力的特性,分析了砾钢渣试样的动强度与振动次数、动应变与振动次数、孔隙水压力与振动次数和动应力与动应变关系。采用Seed和Finn提出的饱和砂土动孔压计算模型分析砾钢渣的动孔压曲线类型,并与传统砂砾土的抗液化强度进行比较。得出砾钢渣的抗液化特性较好,工程中可以用砾钢渣替代传统的砂土、砂砾土、砂砾料和砂卵石作为回填料,解决砂砾资源日渐短缺的问题。 相似文献
109.
Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB) is one of the largest accretionary orogenic belts in the world. The eastern segment of CAOB is dominated by Paleozoic Paleo Asian Ocean tectonic regime, Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific tectonic regime and Mongolian-Okhotsk tectonic regime. The Songliao and Jiamusi blocks are located in the easternmost part of the CAOB and are the key region to solve the problem about overprinting processes of multiple tectonic regimes. It is generally believed that the Mudanjiang Ocean between the two blocks was finally closed in the Mesozoic, but the Paleozoic magmatism also developed along the Mudanjiang suture zone, while on both sides of the suture zone, there were comparable Paleozoic strata, indicating that the two blocks had converged during the Paleozoic, and the evolution history of the two blocks in the Late Paleozoic remains controversial. The Carboniferous-Permian terrestrial strata mainly developed in Binxian, Wuchang and Tieli on Songliao Block, Baoqing and Mishan on Jiamusi Block. Samples from the Songliao and Jiamusi blocks in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian and Late Permian are collected for comparative analysis. The LAICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results show that the maximum depositional age of Middle Permian Tumenling Formation and Late Permian Hongshan Formation in Songliao Block is ~260 Ma, while that of Tatouhe Formation and Carboniferous strata in Jiamusi Block are ~290 Ma and ~300 Ma, respectively, which supports the previous stratigraphic division scheme. The age peaks of ~290–300 Ma, ~400 Ma, ~500 Ma appeared in the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian strata of Jiamusi Block and the Middle Permian strata of Songliao Block. The age peak of ~500 Ma in the Middle Permian strata of Songliao Block may come from the Cambrian basement, Mashan Complex, of Jiamusi Block, while the age peaks of ~420–440 Ma in the Carboniferous strata of Jiamusi Block may come from the Silurian magmatic arc in Zhangguangcai Range in the eastern margin of Songliao Block, reflects the history that they had been potential sources of each other, indicating that they may have combined in the Paleozoic. The Hongshan Formation of Songliao Block in the Late Permian lacks the age peak of ~500 Ma, which indicate that Jiamusi Block was not the provenance of Songliao Block in the Late Permian, that is, there was a palaeogeographic isolation between the two blocks. Combined with the ~210 Ma bimodal volcanic rocks developed along the Mudanjiang suture zone reported previously, we believe that the oceanic basin between the Songliao and Jiamusi blocks should have been connected in Late Permian and reopened during Late Permian to Late Triassic. 相似文献
110.