Nonlinear Rate Dependent Model of High Damping Rubber Bearing     

Robert Jankowski 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2003,1(3):397-403

The accurate analysis of the response of isolated structures requires the application of appropriate models of isolation devices. The purpose of this paper is to analyse a nonlinear strain rate dependent model of a high damping rubber bearing which simulates the horizontal behaviour of the device under specified vertical load using a nonlinear elastic spring-dashpot element. The effectiveness of the model is checked by fitting the experimental data concerning three different rubber bearings. The results of the study show that the model can simulate the bearing behaviour over a wide shear strain range with small simulation errors. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Efficiency of base isolation systems in structural seismic protection and energetic assessment     

Giuseppe Carlo Marano  Rita Greco 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(10):1505-1531

This paper concerns the seismic response of structures isolated at the base by means of High Damping Rubber Bearings (HDRB). The analysis is performed by using a stochastic approach, and a Gaussian zero mean filtered non‐stationary stochastic process is used in order to model the seismic acceleration acting at the base of the structure. More precisely, the generalized Kanai–Tajimi model is adopted to describe the non‐stationary amplitude and frequency characteristics of the seismic motion. The hysteretic differential Bouc–Wen model (BWM) is adopted in order to take into account the non‐linear constitutive behaviour both of the base isolation device and of the structure. Moreover, the stochastic linearization method in the time domain is adopted to estimate the statistical moments of the non‐linear system response in the state space. The non‐linear differential equation of the response covariance matrix is then solved by using an iterative procedure which updates the coefficients of the equivalent linear system at each step and searches for the solution of the response covariance matrix equation. After the system response variance is estimated, a sensitivity analysis is carried out. The final aim of the research is to assess the real capacity of base isolation devices in order to protect the structures from seismic actions, by avoiding a non‐linear response, with associated large plastic displacements and, therefore, by limiting related damage phenomena in structural and non‐structural elements. In order to attain this objective the stochastic response of a non‐linear n‐dof shear‐type base‐isolated building is analysed; the constitutive law both of the structure and of the base devices is described, as previously reported, by adopting the BWM and by using appropriate parameters for this model, able to suitably characterize an ordinary building and the base isolators considered in the study. The protection level offered to the structure by the base isolators is then assessed by evaluating the reduction both of the displacement response and the hysteretic dissipated energy. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

煤层气富集高产的主控因素   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17  

高波  马玉贞  陶明信  马根喜 《沉积学报》2003,21(2):345-349

对煤岩的生储气能力、煤储层渗透率、煤层气保存条件等影响煤层气高产富集的主控因素进行了分析。煤岩组分和煤变质程度是影响煤层生储气能力的主控因素。煤层的储气能力与温度、压力、灰分及水分含量等亦有关。煤层的渗透率取决于煤层本身的裂隙系统,而裂隙的发育程度又与煤变质程度及构造活动的强弱相关。煤层气的保存则取决于顶底板的封盖能力、构造活动、水动力环境等条件。煤层气成藏条件是煤层气基础地质研究中的核心问题,应加强研究。  相似文献   

再论印度—亚洲大陆碰撞的启动时间   总被引：39，自引：6，他引：39       下载免费PDF全文

王成善  李祥辉等 《地质学报》2003,77(1):16-24

利用沉积响应来识别印度－亚洲大陆碰撞启动时间是最直接和有效的方法之一。西藏仲巴错江顶群被甄别为碰撞型三角洲沉积，曲下组可能代表了碰撞启动时期的建造，藏南定日的海相白垩－古近系沉积演化，锶和碳同位素变化也支持两大陆碰撞启动时间大约在K／T界线时期，对比喜马拉雅西段碰撞启动时间并考虑大印度北缘失掉的宽度，提出两大陆量可能的碰撞启动时间是65Ma左右。  相似文献   

鲁东官山榴辉岩与围岩接触关系的新发现及其对年代学的启示   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

宋明春  金振民  王来明  张希道  李远友 《地质学报》2003,77(2):238-244

鲁东官山榴辉岩呈透镜状包于变质含霓石碱性花岗岩中,榴辉岩的片麻理与主岩片麻理总体呈交切关系,局部可见变质含霓石碱性花岗岩呈细小岩枝状脉贯入榴辉岩中。变质含霓石碱性花岗岩锆石U-Pb法下交点年龄为231±25 Ma,上交点年龄为818±66 Ma。发现了闪长玢岩脉斜切式侵入榴辉岩及变质含霓石碱性花岗岩的接触关系,且闪长玢岩脉中有榴辉岩捕虏体,这种现象指示:闪长玢岩侵位时榴辉岩已折返至地壳较浅部位。研究表明,榴辉岩与变质含霓石碱性花岗岩共同经历了新元古代的超高压变质作用,但变质作用发生时含霓石碱性花岗岩可能处于熔融状态,榴辉岩是其中的固相包体。  相似文献   

高温高压下含水矿物脱水对斜长岩纵波速度的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

白利平  杜建国  刘巍  张文兰 《地质科技情报》2003,22(2):17-20

在1GPa、室温至880℃条件下对斜长岩的纵波速度进行了测量，并对实验产物进行了鉴定分析，讨论了含水矿物脱水对岩石纵波速度的影响。实验结果表明，在680℃左右，由于斜长岩中的含水矿物绢云母和黝帘石开始脱水，矿物脱水产生的流体及其所引起岩石结构的变化可使岩石纵波速度降低10％左右。这意味着通过矿物脱水这一机制可以形成壳内低速层。  相似文献   

高填方路堤互锚式薄壁挡土墙土压力试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

窦斌  梅利芳  范瑛  余天庆  杨凯华 《地质科技情报》2003,22(3):109-112

在山区修建高等级公路工程中，挡土墙结构广泛应用于高填方路堤工程。在提出一种新型互锚式薄壁挡土墙结构的基础上，通过埋设土压力盒的方法对该种挡土墙的结构型式进行了力学模型试验，并进行了模型土压力强度特性分析。试验及分析表明，该挡土墙结构成本低廉，施工方便，结构合理，可以应用于高填方路堤实际工程。  相似文献   

高精度推求正高的两种方法     

张赤军 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(4):432-434,443

论述了高精度推求正高的两种方法 ,并对正高精度的推估及其在模型上的试算也作了讨论 ,对于海拔为 5 0 0 0m的高山 ,正高的误差一般不超过± 1 0cm ,这与距青岛水准原点达数千公里的西部高山 (原 )处正常高的精度也比较接近  相似文献   

武汉市高层建筑岩土工程问题分析     

谭松林  江权 《水文地质工程地质》2003,(Z1)

武汉市是华中地区最大的城市,改革开放以来,兴建了许多高层建筑。高层建筑尤其是超高层建筑的主要特点是高度大、重心高、基底压力大及基础埋深大等。而武汉地区的地质条件又比较复杂,就第四纪地层而言,从最新沉积的各类软土如人工填土、淤泥类土、软塑状粘性土等,到全新世(Q4)沉积的各类砂土与卵砾石,直至晚更新世(Q3)及其以前沉积的老粘土均有分布。各类土层的厚度、深度及性质均变化较大。因此武汉地区高层建筑的岩土工程问题就显得复杂与多样,在众多复杂的岩土工程问题中,本文主要分析了比较突出的基础持力层与基础类型的确定,深基坑开挖中的边坡滑移、基坑涌水、流砂、突涌以及基坑防护等。通过对这些问题的分析,从中可以得出一些规律,对今后高层建筑的兴建具有一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

Architecture of coastal and alluvial deposits in an extensional basin: the Carboniferous Joggins Formation of eastern Canada   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. J. Davies  M. R. Gibling† 《Sedimentology》2003,50(3):415-439

Abstract The Joggins Formation was deposited in the Cumberland Basin, which experienced rapid mid‐Carboniferous subsidence on bounding faults. A 600 m measured section of coastal and alluvial plain strata comprises cycles tens to hundreds of metres thick. The cycles commence with coal and fossiliferous limestone/siltstone intervals, interpreted as widespread flooding events. These intervals are overlain by coarsening‐upward successions capped by planar‐based sandstone mounds, up to 100 m in width that represent the progradation of small, river‐generated delta lobes into a standing body of open water developed during transgression. The overlying strata contain sand‐rich heterolithic packages, 1–8 m thick, that are associated with channel bodies 2–3 m thick and 10–50 m wide. Drifted plant debris, Calamites groves and erect lycopsid trees are preserved within these predominantly green‐grey heterolithic sediments, which were deposited on a coastal wetland or deltaic plain traversed by channel systems. The cycles conclude with red siltstones, containing calcareous nodules, that are interbedded with thin sandstones and associated with both single‐storey channel bodies (1–1·5 m thick and 2–3 m wide) and larger, multistorey channels (3–6 m thick) with incised margins. Numerous channel bodies at the same level suggest that multiple‐channel, anastomosed river systems were developed on a well‐drained floodplain. Many minor flooding surfaces divide the strata into parasequences with dominantly progradational and aggradational stacking patterns. Multistorey channel bodies are relatively thin, fine grained and modestly incised, and palaeosols are immature and cumulative. The abundance and prominence of flooding surfaces suggests that base‐level rise was enhanced, whereas the lack of evidence for abrupt basinward stepping of facies belts, coupled with the absence of strong fluvial incision and mature palaeosols, suggests that base‐level fall was suppressed. These architectural features are considered to reflect a tectonic architectural signature, in accordance with the high‐subsidence basinal setting. Evidence for restricted marine influence and variation in floral assemblages suggests modulation by eustatic and climatic effects, although their relative importance is uncertain.  相似文献