浅谈（TCP）射孔技术在松辽地区应用与发展     

许吉发 《吉林地质》1996,15(1):86-88

油管传佃式射孔是近几年来射孔新技术,应用于石油、天燃气勘探、开发井中。的使用,大大提高了油气井的射孔效率,增加油气产量,降低了作业成本,从而能获得较好的经济效益,解决了正压射孔存在的不足,是一项新的负压射孔方式。通过几年来在松辽地区的应用,效果很佳。大部分的高产油气流都是采用这种射孔方法进行的。  相似文献   

Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Bohemian Massif: evidence from high pressure metamorphic rocks   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

P. J. O'Brien  D. A. Carswell 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1993,82(3):531-555

The Variscan orogenic belt, of which the Bohemian Massif is a part, is typically recognized for its characteristic low pressure, high temperature metamorphism and a large volume of granites. However, there are also bodies of high pressure rocks (eclogites, garnet peridotites and high pressure granulites) which are small in size but widely distributed throughtout the Massif. Initially the high pressure rocks were considered to be relicts of a much older orogenic event, but the increasing data derived from isotopic and geochronological investigations show that many of these rocks have Palaeozoic protoliths. Metamorphic ages from the high pressure rocks define no single event. Instead, a number of discrete clusters of ages are found between about 430 Ma and the time of the dominant low pressure event at around 320–330 Ma.Most of the eclogite and granulite facies rocks are assigned to allochthonous nappes that arrived close to the end of the low pressure event, but before final granite intrusion. The nappes contain a mixture of different units and the relationship between rocks with high pressure relicts and host gneisses with no apparent signs of deep burial is still problematic. Some of the high pressure rocks retain evidence of multiple stages of partial re-equilibration during uplift. Moreover, it can be shown in certain instances that host gneisses also endured a multistage metamorphic development but with a peak event convergent with one of the breakdown stages in the enclosed rocks with high pressure relicts. It thus appears that the nappe units are composite bodies probably formed during episodic intracrustal thrusting. Fluids derived from prograde dehydration reactions in the newly under thrusting slab are taken to be the catalysts that drove the partial re-equilibrations.On the scale of the whole Massif it can be seen within the units with high pressure relicts that the temperature at the peak recorded pressure and that during the breakdown are variable in different locations. It is interpreted that regional metamorphic gradients are preserved for given stages in the history and thus the present day dismembered nappe relicts are not too far removed from their original spatial distribution in an original coherent unit. From the temperature information alone it is highly probable that the refrigerating underthrusting slab was situated in the north-west. However, this north-west to south-east underthrusting probably represents the major 380–370 Ma event and is no guide to the final thrusting that emplaced the much thinned nappe pile with high pressure relicts.Granite genesis is attributed to the late stage stacking, during the final Himalayan-type collision stage, of thinned crust covered by young, water-rich, sediments — erosion products of the earlier orogenic stages. Regional metamorphism at shallow depths above the voluminous granites was followed by final nappe emplacement which rejuvenated the granite ascent in places. Correspondence to: P. J. O'Brien  相似文献   

论南岭成矿带大宝山斑岩型铜矿的特殊性及其勘查意义     

赵如意 《地质与勘探》2023,59(4):716-733

广东省大宝山矿床是南岭成矿带唯一的大型铜多金属矿床，此次研究在矿区中南部发现了细脉浸染状铜矿的新类型。为确定其是否为斑岩型铜矿的成因类型，本文在梳理南岭成矿带铜成矿条件和成矿规律的基础上，查明了矿区中南部英安斑岩的蚀变和铜矿化特征。综合研究认为南岭成矿带早侏罗世中酸性斑岩的小岩体较多，叠加多期断裂构造和碳酸盐岩建造，非常有利于铜多金属成矿物质的运移、富集。大宝山英安斑岩发育黑云母化、钾长石化、青磐岩化、绢英岩化、泥化等蚀变类型，铜矿化与绢英岩化、绿泥石化关系密切。大宝山铜矿中的英安斑岩沿逆冲推覆构造侵位并呈岩墙状产出，冷却过程中受区域构造应力产生了一组平行裂隙，岩浆房去气作用排出的热液沿裂隙蚀变围岩并充填成矿。大宝山斑岩型铜矿取得的找矿勘查成果表明，“全位成矿，缺位找矿”理念可以有效指导靶区圈定和老矿山外围（深部）找矿勘查，早侏罗世的南岭具有形成较大规模斑岩型铜矿的条件。  相似文献   

秦岭南缘勉略带构造属性及晚古生代地质背景:来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的制约     

李小兵  裴先治  李佐臣  李瑞保  裴磊  高峰  王盟 《岩石学报》2021,37(5):1444-1468

勉略构造带作为秦岭造山带内重要的构造边界,关于其构造属性及晚古生代以来的地质背景,一直是学术界争论的焦点。碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学在限定地层单元的最大沉积年龄、研究区域构造岩浆事件及约束构造地质背景等方面行之有效。基于此,通过对勉略带内五郎坪北侧两河口变沉积地层和侵入其中的变形花岗岩脉体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。获得2件变形花岗岩脉的结晶年龄均为406±1Ma。碎屑锆石主年龄谱分别为422～456Ma和558～826Ma,峰值年龄为441Ma和771Ma、813Ma,次级年龄谱分别为942～1495Ma和1658～2981Ma,峰值年龄不明显。依据最小一组碎屑锆石的峰值年龄(441Ma),和侵入其中的变形花岗岩脉(406±0.6Ma),限定该变沉积地层形成时代为406～441Ma(S_1-D_1)。碎屑锆石年龄谱显示该套变沉积地层物质来源较为复杂,其中秦岭造山带及扬子板块北缘早古生代、新元古代岩浆岩为其提供了74%±的物源,古老变质基底为其提供了26%±的物源。通过与区域上已有资料对比,认为勉略构造带内晚古生代沉积地层形成环境与邻区大致相同,且本次所获得的变沉积岩碎屑锆石年龄谱也与邻区泥盆系相似。综合认为,勉略构造带与邻区在晚古生代应属同一构造环境,晚古生代"勉略海盆"应当包括整个南秦岭。  相似文献   

敦煌北部岩浆-变质杂岩构造环境初步探讨:对中亚造山带南缘扩展方式的启示     

石梦岩  程南南  侯泉林  吴春明  闫全人  张国成  张谦  王浩 《岩石学报》2021,37(12):3673-3686

中亚造山带南缘如何向南扩展，对深入理解增生型造山作用和大陆地壳生长机制以及中亚构造域与特提斯构造域的衔接具有重要科学意义。作为中亚造山带南缘的关键构造单元，敦煌构造带大地构造属性长期备受关注且颇有争议。传统观点认为敦煌构造带是古亚洲洋南侧的前寒武纪稳定大陆地块，以刚性块体的形式参与了中亚造山带南缘的最终拼贴过程。然而，近年来研究认为敦煌构造带卷入了古亚洲洋南部的俯冲增生造山过程，属于中亚造山带南缘的增生系统。显然，这一争议限制了对中亚造山带南缘向南扩展方式及增生造山过程的理解。敦煌北部三危山地区出露一套古生代岩浆-变质杂岩，是解开这一争论的关键。本文综合前人研究基础及新的资料，归纳了这套岩浆-变质杂岩的野外岩石-构造组合、地球化学和年代学等方面特征：该岩浆-变质杂岩整体显示"二元结构"特征，即较老的增生杂岩为基底，弧岩浆岩侵入或不整合覆盖其上；其中岩浆岩属于中钾-高钾钙碱性系列中酸性岩浆岩，富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）和轻稀土元素（LREE），亏损高场强元素（HFSE），与典型的弧岩浆岩类似，并且微量元素组成特征反映中酸性岩浆的源区与俯冲沉积物部分熔融有关；岩浆作用大致归为510Ma、460~410Ma和370~360Ma三期。岩浆岩中结晶锆石不一致的ε_Hf（t）值（既有正值，又有负值）以及继承锆石的存在表明，岩浆源区既有古老地壳物质的加入，也有新生地壳物质的形成。以上这些特征与发育在增生杂岩之上的增生弧十分类似，因此本文提出敦煌北部岩浆-变质杂岩的属性为古生代增生弧，并且该增生弧与其南部的红柳峡俯冲增生杂岩共同勾勒出敦煌构造带自北向南增生弧-增生杂岩的基本构造格架，即敦煌构造带的大地构造属性实为造山带而非稳定地块。结合区域地质背景及敦煌地区与北山地区古生代至早中生代构造-热事件的对应关系，认为敦煌造山带属于中亚造山带中段南缘的增生系统，中亚造山带中段以增生弧-增生杂岩的形式向南扩展至敦煌地区。  相似文献   

杨山晚古生代沉积盆地成因类型及其与桐柏-大别造山带关系的探讨   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15  

李曰俊  金福全 《地质科学》1997,32(1):19-26

杨山晚古生代沉积盆地位于桐柏-大别山北麓,它具有明显的前陆盆地沉积特点,由早期(D₂?—C₁)的复理石建造到晚期(C₁—P?)的磨拉石建造;古生物地理分析表明其与华北、扬子陆块都有密不可分的联系,其间不可能有古洋盆的存在,因而它应当是桐柏一大别造山带碰撞造山过程中形成的前陆盆地。杨山晚古生代前陆盆地的形成说明,扬子陆块和华北陆块的陆-陆碰撞起始于晚泥盆世之前(S₃—D₂),而桐柏-大别造山带中生代的构造事件则可能代表一次大规模陆内逆冲-推覆作用。  相似文献   

Role of dykes in induced seismicity at Bhatsa reservoir,Maharashtra, India     

R. K. Chadha 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1995,144(1):155-165

The geological and hydrological conditions near the reservoir site play an important role in the generation or absence of seismic activity. Near Bhatsa reservoir, along the west coast of India intense seismic activity occurred during August–September 1983, after a lag of six years of initial impounding. From July 1983 to September 1990, 15,388 earthquakes (mostlyM ₁<3.0) were recorded, the largest being of magnitude 4.9. The spatial distribution of well located 172 earthquakes suggest a strong correlation between the epicenters and the disposition of dykes and faults around the Bhatsa region. It is inferred that these dykes have acted as barriers for the diffusion of water from the reservoir, thereby becoming zones of instability due to increased pore pressure not only along them but also over the volume they bound.  相似文献   

Dynamics of Mars-orbiting dust: Effects of light pressure and planetary oblateness     

A. V. Krivov  L. L. Sokolov  V. V. Dikarev 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1995,63(3-4):313-339

This paper deals with dynamics of impact ejecta from Phobos and Deimos initially on near-circular equatorial orbits around Mars. For particles emitted in a wide size regime of 1 micron and greater, and taking into account the typical particle lifetimes to be less than 100 years, the motion is governed by two perturbing forces: solar radiation pressure and influence of Mars' oblateness. The equations of motion of particles in Lagrangian non-singular elements are deduced and solved, both analytically and numerically, for different-sized ejecta. We state that the coupled effect of both forces above is essential so that on no account can the oblateness of Mars are be neglected. The dynamics of grains prove to be quite different for the ejecta of Phobos and Deimos. For Deimos, the qualitative results are relatively simple and imply oscillations of eccentricity and long-term variations of orbital inclination, with amplitudes and periods both depending on grain size. For Phobos, the dynamics are shown to be much more complicated, and we discuss it in detail. We have found an intriguous peculiar behavior of debris near 300 µm in size. Another finding is that almost all the Phobos ejecta with radii less than 30 µm (against the values of 5 to 20 µm adopted earlier by many authors) should be rapidly lost by collisions with martian surface. The results of the paper may be the base for constructing an improved model of dust belts that presumably exist around Mars.  相似文献   

中国南北带地壳上地幔三维面波速度结构和各向异性   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

陈立华  庄真 《地球物理学报》1992,35(5):574-583

本文用长周期763地震仪面波群速度资料反演了中国南北带及邻区的三维速度结构.其中采集238条瑞利波和358条勒夫波混合频散曲线,使用均等显示滤波方法,并以4°×4°为一格将我国境内分为147格.用随机逆反演方法得到了研究区16格的纯路径频散.面波速度结构及演结果表明:1.莫霍界面深度一般在40-50km之间,最深达65km.总趋势是从东到西加深,且在南北带西侧南北两端向中部明显加深,东侧变化小.2.地幔顶部普遍出现很厚的低速层,上界面一般埋深60-80km.上地幔顶盖厚度一般为20-60km,速度为4.30-4.50km/s.3.研究区普遍存在各向异性,而且勒夫波和瑞利波速度的差值(V_SV-V_SH)的绝对值随深度有增大的特点,在南北带南部和西北部V_SV-V_SH各向异性现象更为明显.  相似文献   

A new treatment of the albedo radiation pressure in the case of a uniform albedo and of a spherical satellite     

Nicole Borderies  Pierre-yves Longaretti 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1990,49(1):69-98

The purpose of this paper is to present a model for the radiation pressure acceleration of a spherical satellite, due to the radiation reflected by a planet with a uniform albedo. A particular choice of variables allows one to reduce the surface integrals over the lit portion of the planet visible to the satellite to one-dimensional integrals. Exact analytical expressions are found for the integrals corresponding to the case where the spacecraft does not "see" the terminator. The other integrals can be computed either numerically, or analytically in an approximate form. The results are compared with those of Lochry (1966). The model is applied to Magellan, a spacecraft orbiting Venus.  相似文献