滨海城市环境工程地质问题的成因系统分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

李相然 《工程地质学报》1998,6(3):193-198

滨海城市是我国经济最发达的地区,近年来经济与城市建设均得到迅速发展,城市土地开发力度加大,由此引起的环境工程地质问题也日趋严重。本文分析了我国滨海城市环境工程地质问题的主要类型,对环境工程地质问题的成因系统进行了研究。  相似文献   

长治水泥厂区域地震地质环境评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘玉刚  代丽思 《工程地质学报》1998,6(1):75-78

长治水泥厂位于山西隆起区南部长治盆地, 长治盆地属中强潜在震原区。场地附近晋获断裂现代活动相对较弱, 晚更新后断裂基本停止活动, 对水泥厂场地无直接影响。  相似文献   

计算机技术与地矿工作信息化   总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37  

吴冲龙 《地学前缘》1998,5(2):343-355

地矿工作信息化已经成为时代的潮流。地矿工作信息化水平,也已经成为衡量地矿工作现代化程度的主要标志。地矿工作信息化工程的核心,是地质矿产信息系统建设,而主要技术手段是计算机应用。当前,计算机应用已经渗透到地质工作的全过程,成为地质工作新技术、新方法应用的主流,极大地推动了地矿工作的前进。地矿工作信息化领域的计算机应用涉及计算机技术领域的多个分支前缘。本文根据所掌握的几个主要方面的资料,评介了国内外计算机技术在地矿工作信息化领域的应用现状与发展趋势。  相似文献   

RESEARCH ON EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCY MAPPING METHOD BASED ON TEMPLATE MATCH          下载免费PDF全文

XU Jing-hai  ZHOU Hai-jun  NIE Gao-zhong  AN Ji-wen 《地震地质》1979,42(3):748-761

After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue are important ways to mitigate earthquake-induced losses. Various earthquake emergency maps can provide effective references and guidance to those actions. Currently, related studies include the investigation on symbols of emergency maps, remote sensing emergency mapping and GIS-based mapping methods. However, the existing studies overlook the characteristics of rapidity, dynamicity and variety of presentation methods in making earthquake emergency maps. In this paper, a map template matching method is used to quickly make earthquake emergency maps considering their characteristics. We take investigations on the service objects(users)of the earthquake emergency maps to understand the needs of making earthquake emergency maps. The audience theory in mass media field and map information transmission theory are adopted to classify the users of the earthquake emergency maps into four categories: earthquake emergency commanders, technical staffs for decision-making, earthquake emergency rescuers, and the public. The components of different types of users are described and then their diverse demands in earthquake emergency maps are analyzed, such as the needs of on-field disaster information maps, earthquake information maps, physical geography and social economic maps. Following those needs, we introduce the representation methods of the earthquake emergency maps according to their formats(vector or raster)and contents, such as point symbolization method, kilometer grid method, line symbolization method and range method. Then, we study the rapid plotting method of earthquake emergency map based on map template matching method. The core steps of the method include: 1)before earthquake, the templates of different earthquake emergency maps are designed, prepared and connect the earthquake emergency features with their related spatial database. The map layout and map elements are stored in the templates. 2)After earthquake, the earthquake emergency features will be generated from seismic models(such as attenuation model of earthquake magnitude and seismic intensity)or the information obtained from field investigation. 3)Corresponding earthquake emergency map template is selected in accordance with the generated seismic features. And the features are used to update related features inside the selected template. 4)Minor adjustments are made such as to the map scale and some map annotations to finally generate the formal earthquake emergency map. Architecture of template system of the earthquake emergency maps is designed, including map user level, map template level, template layer level and map element level. Regrading to the architecture, the general map template of earthquake emergency is presented which includes four main regions: title region, main picture region, auxiliary region and annotation region. The main picture region is the essential, which lays geographic background maps and earthquake emergency features. Finally, an earthquake emergency mapping system is developed. Based on the system, a case study is presented, which demonstrates making a simulated seismic intensity influence map. From three aspects, the case presents the application of the template-matching method including: generating earthquake emergency features, substituting the features inside the template with the generated features, and revising map annotations. Therefore, the map template matching method is verified so that it can be used to quickly generate various earthquake emergency maps.  相似文献   

对地勘单位贯彻ISO9000《质量管理和质量保证》系列标准的几点认识     

沈小荣 《青海国土经略》2000,(1)

ISO9000系列标准是一套国际统一的质量管理标准,应用的主体内容是质量管理模式(质量体系)的建立与运行。其对地勘单位走向市场,到社会投标、承揽地勘项目,保证地勘工作成果质量,提高单位在地质市场中的信誉度具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

露天煤矿数字地质模型的建立及在虚拟开采中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王崇倡  宋伟东  白润才 《测绘科学》2009,34(6)

为了对露天煤矿剥、采、排和土地复垦的进行预控制,需要对露天矿生产进行预演,计算相关数据。采用层面模型建立露天矿的地质模型,以"多对角线交换循环算法"结合"凸包推进算法"建立约束TIN结构层面。根据露天矿开采推进的特点建立以台阶为单元的分层式开采模型,在地质模型和开采模型的基础上,根据露天矿实际生产情况建立开采模板,采用"人工交互式推进"实现露天矿的虚拟开采。  相似文献   

对地观测与抗震救灾   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李德仁 《测绘科学》2009,34(1)

2008年5月12汶川地震灾害发生后,全国相关涉灾部门充分利用空间信息技术为汶川地震救灾提供科学有效的决策支持,在灾害应急响应中发挥了巨大的作用。本文主要从对地观测以及地震救灾的空间信息技术支持两个方面,分析了空间信息技术在救灾中的作用。为今后空间信息如何更好地服务于自然灾害救助,提出了中国空间信息技术发展的思路与建议。  相似文献   

GIS技术在数字化地质填图中的实施方法     

何虎军  杨兴科  周俊杰  丁梅花  张宪芳 《测绘科学》2009,34(4)

针对区域地质调查特点,介绍了数字化地质填图过程中基于地理信息系统(G IS)技术的地质图数字化的流程及进行该项工作所需要的软件。阐述了建立在G IS技术基础上的数字化地质填图的工作流程及实施过程中的关键技术。  相似文献   

Detection of Hg pollution by stream sediment geochemistry in the Bisagno valley (Genoa, Italy)     

L. Marini  G. Ottonello  M. Canepa  F. Cipolli  M. Vetuschi Zuccolini 《Environmental Geology》2000,40(1-2):234-242

 Systematic stream sediment investigation in a periurban area surrounding Genoa (Italy) revealed the existence of a significant mercury anomaly localized on the main (3rd rank) bed of the Bisagno river. Statistical multivariate analysis of elemental abundances points out the anthropic nature of this contamination. Because of the well-known bioaccumulation of Hg in contaminated media, attention must be focused on the risks associated with the discovered pollution. Received: 30 November 1999 · Accepted: 22 March 2000  相似文献   

神经网络油气检测技术     

李浩  王子洪  赵伟新  程群生 《地球科学与环境学报》1999,(Z1)

多参数神经网络油气检测技术首先提取四大类２６ 个地震波特征参数，并定量描述这些参数，然后用神经网络技术对这些参数进行分析，预测油气分布，使油气识别工作定量化、计算机化。本次研究开发了一套神经网络油气识别软件，并利用其对东濮凹陷胡１９ 块进行油藏精细描述，预测沙三下砂组含油面积０－７ ｋｍ２ ，石油地质储量７０ ×１０４ 吨。  相似文献