浅谈辽宁盘锦沿海滩涂开发利用变化监测     

白冰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(3)

伴随着沿海大规模的开发利用,自然生态系统景观格局出现了巨大的变化。在此形势下,对近年来沿海滩涂的规模及开发利用方式进行动态监测具有重要意义。本文就辽宁盘锦沿海滩涂开发利用变化监测的内容、技术方案进行了简要论述,旨在为后期其他城市的监测提供技术参考。  相似文献   

基于高分遥感数据的地表覆盖专题监测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董仲奎 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(12):58-59

为推动高分遥感数据在地理国情地表覆盖专题监测工作中的应用,研究了基于高分遥感数据开展地理国情地表覆盖专题监测的技术路线和数据处理与分析方法,探讨了专题监测系统的模块和功能设置,以期为地理国情地表覆盖专题监测工作提供参考。  相似文献   

泾河合水川流域近50年径流演变特征及影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈锡云  郭东静  高晓栋  金双彦 《地理科学》2016,36(1):114-120

在泾河合水川流域1964~2011年的年降雨、径流变化特征分析基础上,利用Mann-Kendall法、双累计曲线法定量分析了其趋势及相互关系,并探讨了变化成因。结果表明,1964~2011年的年降雨量呈轻微下降趋势（P=0.52）,年变率-0.04 mm/a;径流深呈不显著下降趋势（P=0.97）,年变率-0.10 mm/a。变化趋势与泾河东北部、黄河河口-龙门区间西南部类似,与黄河中游其它子流域差异较大。二者突变年份分别为2000年和1978年。1964~1978年是该流域降雨-径流关系的天然时期,1979年后受水保工程修建、植被覆盖增加等人类活动影响,降雨-径流关系发生变化。  相似文献   

Towards a multi-scale approach for an Earth observation-based assessment of natural resource exploitation in conflict regions     

Elisabeth Schoepfer  Kristin Spröhnle  Olaf Kranz  Xavier Blaes  Jan Kolomaznik  Filip Hilgert 《国际地球制图》2017,32(10):1139-1158

The exploitation of resources, if not properly managed, can lead to spoiling natural habitats as well as to threatening people’s health, livelihoods and security. The paper discusses a multi-scale Earth observation-based approach to provide independent information related to exploitation activities of natural resources for countries which are experiencing armed conflict. The analyses are based on medium to very high spatial resolution optical satellite data. Object-based image analysis is used for information extraction at these different scales. On a subnational level, conflict-related land cover changes as an indication of potential hot spots for exploitation activities are classified. The regional assessment provides information about potential activity areas of resource exploitation, whereas on a local scale, a site-specific assessment of exploitation areas is performed. The study demonstrates the potential of remote sensing for supporting the monitoring and documentation of natural resource exploitation in conflict regions.  相似文献   

Assessing changes in the above ground biomass and carbon stocks of Lidder valley,Kashmir Himalaya,India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Irfan Rashid  Mudasir Ahmad Bhat  Shakil Ahmad Romshoo 《国际地球制图》2017,32(7):717-734

The changes in the land use and land cover (LULC), above ground biomass (AGB) and the associated above ground carbon (AGC) stocks were assessed in Lidder Valley, Kashmir Himalaya using satellite data (1980–2013), allometric equations and phytosociological data. Change detection analysis of LULC, comprising of eight vegetation and five non-vegetation types, indicated that 6% (74.5 km²) of the dense evergreen forest has degraded. Degraded forest and settlement increased by 20 and 52.8 km², respectively. Normalized difference vegetation index was assessed and correlated with the field-based biomass estimates to arrive at best-fit models for remotely sensed AGB estimates for 2005 and 2013. Total loss of 1.018 Megatons of AGB and 0.5 Megatons of AGC was estimated from the area during 33-year period which would have an adverse effect on the carbon sequestration potential of the area which is already facing the brunt of climate change.  相似文献   

浅议地理国情普查地表覆盖分类数据的质量检查     

陈珍平  赵勇  张磊 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(8)

基于对山西省地理国情普查的生产实践,系统地归纳和总结了影响地表覆盖分类数据质量的三个重要因素及地表覆盖分类数据质量检查的内容与方法,对提高地表覆盖分类数据的质量有积极的意义。  相似文献   

近40年长株潭生态景观的人为干扰过程分析     

唐雨蒙  邹滨  许珊  陈璟雯  李明 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(11)

以长株潭主城区为研究对象,综合考虑卫星遥感数据、土地利用数据以及地理国情普查数据特点建立长株潭用地类型分类系统,应用土地利用转移矩阵和景观人为干扰测度模型获取主城区用地转移矩阵和人为干扰度指数时空分布,探讨长株潭主城区生态景观与人为干扰之间的关系。结果表明:从土地利用变化角度,1978—2015年长株潭主城区耕地、园林地、建设用地发生了显著变化,耕地总体上呈持续下降趋势,从3 544.67 km~2下降到2 571.18 km~2,园林地呈现先下降后升高的变化趋势,总体下降177.89 km~2;建设用地呈持续上升趋势,从80.56 km~2增加到1 252.85 km~2;在1994—2000年和2010—2015年长株潭主城区土地利用变化两个典型阶段,建设用地的增加主要通过占用耕地和园林地的方式实现。景观人为干扰指数时空分析表明:1978—2015年长株潭主城区景观人为干扰指数高值区主要集中在中心城市和其周边地区,在人类活动的影响下,中心城区以耕地、园林地向建设用地转移为主,周边地区主要以耕地和园林地的相互转移为主;随着城市化进程持续加快,人类活动对主城区生态景观的影响总体呈加强趋势,且受人类活动干扰主要集中在中心城区。  相似文献   

Towards a collaborative global land cover information service     

Jun Chen  Hao Wu  Xianjun Chen 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2017,10(4):356-370

ABSTRACT

The need and critical importance of global land cover and change information has been well recognized. Although rich collection of such information has been made available, the lack of necessary information services to support its easy access, analysis and validation makes it difficult to find, evaluate, select and reuse them through well-designed workflows. Aiming at promoting the development of the needed global land cover information services, this paper presents a conceptual framework for developing a Collaborative Global Land Cover Information Service (CoGland), followed by discussions on its implementation strategies. The framework supports connected and shared land cover and change web services around the world to address resource sharing, community service and cross-board collaboration needs. CoGland can benefit several recent international initiatives such as Future Earth, and many societal benefit areas. The paper further proposes that CoGland be developed within the framework of the Group on Earth Observations with the support of a number of key organizations such as the United Nations Expert Committee on Global Geospatial Information Management, the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, and International Society of Digital Earth. It is hoped that this paper can serve as a starting point for further discussions on CoGland developments.  相似文献   

Geologically constrained changes to landforms caused by human activities in the 20th century: A case study from Fukuoka Prefecture,Japan     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

Human activity has been recognized to be an important geomorphic agent, and the resulting changes to landforms and land cover are regarded as a global problem. Although there has been much research into the relationships between geomorphic processes and types of land use such as agriculture, mining, and urbanization, it is important to clarify spatiotemporal human impacts on topography on a regional scale when predicting future changes in land cover.This study examined changes in land use to clarify the distribution and impact of anthropogenic changes to landforms, as well as the influence of geology on the extent of these changes. In a case study from Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, changes in land use over the last century were analyzed using a geographic information system (GIS). The study area, which covers approximately 4930 km², has experienced urban development since 1950 and has a current population of over 5 million. Land use data were prepared using paper-based early editions of topographic maps. Subsequently, the distribution of anthropogenic landforms was evaluated by comparing landforms with regional geological data.GIS analysis using our prepared land use data, landform data, and regional geological data has clarified the following characteristics of the study area. (1) Land uses prior to 1950 were constrained by topographic relief. After 1950, land use was characterized by urban sprawl. Urban areas expanded and contained both higher elevations and steeper slopes at their margins. The relationships between land uses and landforms during this urbanization are unclear. (2) The area of urban land increased in the geological regions with Paleogene sedimentary rocks (PSD) and Mesozoic granitic rocks (GR) during the 20th century. The largest coal mining area in Japan was located in the PSD geological regions, and ancient iron working was common in the GR geological regions, particularly during the 7th century. This result indicates that the land use distribution, especially urban areas in sloping terrain, is related to the regional geology. (3) Deforestation related to land use resulted in steeper terrain in forest land in the PSD and GR geological regions. These changes to landforms in forest areas occurred as a result of rapid urban sprawl and have created many new boundaries between forest areas with steeper slopes and urban areas with gentler slopes. This phenomenon may have caused an increase in the frequency of sediment-related disasters.This case study indicates that predictions of anthropogenic changes to landform, which are important for the assessment of global climate change and natural hazards, must clarify the relationships between land uses, landforms, and regional geology.  相似文献   

Effects of Recent Instability on Cultivated Area Along the Euphrates River in Iraq     

Glen R. Gibson  Nicole L. Taylor  Nolan C. Lamo  Jason K. Lackey 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(2):163-176

We used MODIS NDVI data to determine whether there was a significant change in cultivated area along the Euphrates River in Iraq after the Iraq War compared to before and during the war. Results revealed that mean cultivated area was largest during the pre–Iraq War period (2000–2003) with 99,115 Mha, reduced some during the early Iraq War period (2003–2006) to 83,480 Mha, reduced even further during the late Iraq War period (2007–2011) to 53,813 Mha due to drought, and increased slightly during the post–Iraq War period (2012–2015) to 69,161 Mha, although not returning to previous highs of the pre–Iraq War or early Iraq War periods. Statistical analysis with the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed that the small cultivated area during the post–Iraq War period was more closely related to the late Iraq War and drought period than previous periods, indicating that recent instability, such as political turmoil following the departure of U.S. troops, violent militant extremism, lack of economic investment, and environmental degradation, has had a similar effect on cultivated area as a devastating drought.  相似文献