东昆仑造山带东段哈图沟–清水泉–沟里韧性剪切带塑性变形及动力学条件研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李小兵  裴先治  陈有炘  刘成军  李佐臣  李瑞保  陈国超  魏博 《大地构造与成矿学》2015,(2)

东昆仑造山带东段哈图沟–清水泉–沟里韧性剪切带记录了多个旋回的造山作用,本文通过对韧性剪切带中石英c轴组构和显微构造特征测试分析,探讨东昆仑造山带东段陆块间俯冲拼合及地壳伸展减薄的形成机制。结果显示,韧性剪切带变形温度介于380~650℃之间,形成环境为中–高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相,剪切带内差异应力值介于173~509 MPa之间,应变速率介于6.93×10–14~1.43×10–8 s–1之间,主体为10–11~10–10 s–1,显示韧性剪切带变形是快速俯冲作用下的产物,越靠近东昆仑造山带东段东昆中断裂带其变形温度、差异应力值及相应的应变速率值越大,表明东昆仑造山带东段韧性剪切变形中心为东昆中断裂带。利用不同方法所计算出的韧性剪切带运动学涡度值,显示韧性剪切带早期瞬时运动学涡度(0.56~1)对应于东昆仑造山带东段东昆南与东昆仑造山带东段东昆北陆块间俯冲的初始阶段,中后期运动学涡度(0.25~0.91)应当对应于东昆南与东昆北陆块间的俯冲碰撞阶段,最晚期的C′瞬时运动学涡度(0.19~0.51)则对应于后造山的伸展阶段。通过石英c轴组构结合其宏微观构造特征,认为东昆中构造带至少经历了3个期次的构造运动,分别为加里东晚期的逆冲兼左行走滑剪切作用、晚海西–印支期的逆冲兼右行走滑剪切作用和燕山早期及之后的脆韧性–脆性的左行走滑剪切作用。  相似文献   

植被分布对小流域产流影响的数值实验          下载免费PDF全文

李妍敏  安翼  刘青泉 《水科学进展》2015,26(2):187-195

基于二维运动波模型,建立了一个适用于小流域场次降雨产汇流过程的动力学模型。通过对典型小流域内不同区域(坡顶、坡中及坡底区域及距离流域出口的远近)种植植被时产流过程的数值模拟,分析了小流域内植被分布对产流过程的影响。结果表明:植被分布及其特性对小流域场次降雨产流有较明显的影响;下游区域种植植被的减水效果和延滞洪峰作用优于上游区域,陡坡区域减水效果优于缓坡区域,且郁闭度越大,这种差别越明显;在该研究条件下,下游区的减水效果可达到上游区的3倍;30%郁闭度条件下减水效果可达10%和20%郁闭度条件下的3倍和1.4倍。  相似文献   

Kinematic features of a bow echo in southern China observed with doppler radar     

彭新东  张人禾  王红艳 《大气科学进展》2013,30(6):1535-1548

A bow echo is a type of mesoscale convective phenomenon that often induces extreme weather and appears with strong reflectivity on radar images. A strong bow echo that developed from a supercell was observed over Foshan City in southern China on 17 April 2011. The intense gusty winds and showers caused huge losses of property and severely affected human lives. This paper presents an analysis of this strong meso- n-scale convective system based on Doppler radar observations. The isolated bow echo exhibited a horizontal scale of about 80 km in terms of reflectivity above 40 dBZ, and a life span of 8 hours. The system originated from the merging of a couple of weakly organized cells in a shear line, and developed into an arch shape as it moved through the shear zone. Sufficient surface moisture supply ensured the convective instability and development of the bow echo. The low-altitude winds retrieved from single Doppler radar observations showed an obvious rear-inflow jet along the notch area. Different from the conventional definition, no book- end anticyclone was observed throughout the life cycle. Very strong slantwise updrafts and downdrafts were recognizable from the retrieved winds, even though the spatial scale of the bow echo was small. Strong winds and induced damage on the surface are considered to have been caused by the mid-level rear-inflow jet and intense convective downdrafts.  相似文献   

Numerical study of high Rayleigh number convection in a medium with depth-dependent viscosity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Michael Gurnis  Geoffrey F. Davies 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,85(3):523-542

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Transport properties of liquid metals and viscosity of the Earth's core   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J. P. Poirier 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,92(1):99-105

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Kantowski-Sachs String Cosmological Model with Bulk Viscosity In General Relativity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xing-Xiang?WangEmail author 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,298(3):433-440

String cosmological models with bulk viscosity are investigated in Kantowski-Sachs space-time. To obtain a determinate solution, it is assumed that the coefficient of bulk viscosity is a power function of the scalar of expansion ζ = kθ^m and the scalar of expansion is proportional to the shear scalar θ ∝ σ, which leads to a relation between metric potentials R = AS ⁿ . The physical and geometrical aspects of the model are also discussed. It is shown that the bulk viscosity has significant influence on the evolution of the universe. There is a ‘big bang’ start in the model when m ≤ 1 but there is no ‘big bang’ start when m > 1.  相似文献   

RTK技术在地质勘查测量中的应用     

兰进京  孙清娟 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,35(4):112-114

结合RTK技术及其特点,论述了RTK直线放样功能应用于地质勘查测量中的重要性,并通过非洲工程实例,得出RTK技术具有广阔的应用前景的结论.  相似文献   

无限长土坡滑移变形模拟     

谢州  周成  刘焦  曾子 《山地学报》2012,(1):65-69

从建立土体应力平衡微分方程入手,在平面应变的假定下求解均质无限长土坡的应力平衡方程。通过拟定坡土的滑移速度和粘塑性应变率的关系式,以剑桥模型为依托,得出滑移变形速率的显式表达式,由此推出土坡滑动位移的计算式。因为模型计算值与实测值无论变形趋势还是大小都有不少误差,所以经修正粘滞性参数来改进模型的模拟精度。最后通过一个算例,将现场实测滑移数据和模型计算值进行比较,分析表明二者较为一致。  相似文献   

Anisotropic cosmological models with bulk viscosity for variable <Emphasis Type="Italic">G</Emphasis> and Λ     

Subenoy Chakraborty  Anusua Roy 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2008,313(4):389-392

In this paper we have considered axially symmetric Bianchi-I, Kantowski Sachs and Bianchi-III space-time models with bulk viscosity, where the gravitational constant G and the cosmological term Λ vary with time. In Einstein equations this variation in G and Λ are taken in such a way as to preserve the energy momentum tensor. Solutions are obtained with the cosmological term varying inversely with square of time.  相似文献   

Influence of seismic motions on behavior of piles in liquefied soils          下载免费PDF全文

Kaustav Chatterjee  Deepankar Choudhury 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(3):516-541

In the present study an analytical procedure based on finite element technique is proposed to investigate the influence of vertical load on deflection and bending moment of a laterally loaded pile embedded in liquefiable soil, subjected to permanent ground displacement. The degradation of subgrade modulus due to soil liquefaction and effect of nonlinearity are also considered. A free headed vertical concrete elastic nonyielding pile with a floating tip subjected to vertical compressive loading, lateral load, and permanent ground displacement due to earthquake motions, in liquefiable soil underlain by nonliquefiable stratum, is considered. The input seismic motions, having varying range of ground motion parameters, considered here include 1989 Loma Gilroy, 1995 Kobe, 2001 Bhuj, and 2011 Sikkim motions. It is calculated that maximum bending moment occurred at the interface of liquefiable and nonliquefiable soil layers and when thickness of liquefiable soil layer is around 60% of total pile length. Maximum bending moment of 1210 kNm and pile head deflection of 110 cm is observed because of 1995 Kobe motion, while 2001 Bhuj and 2011 Sikkim motions amplify the pile head deflection by 14.2 and 14.4 times and bending moment approximately by 4 times, when compared to nonliquefiable soil. Further, the presence of inertial load at the pile head increases bending moment and deflection by approximately 52% when subjected to 1995 Kobe motion. Thus, it is necessary to have a proper assessment of both kinematic and inertial interactions due to free field seismic motions and vertical loads for evaluating pile response in liquefiable soil.  相似文献