Integration of reflection seismic and sediment grain-size data from Lake Khubsugul (Northern Mongolia): a reply to Prokopenko and Kendall   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. P. Fedotov  M. De Batist 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2008,40(4):1193-1199

Prokopenko and Kendall (J Paleolimnol doi:, 2008) criticise the work presented in Fedotov et al. (J Paleolimnol 39:335–348, 2008), and instead propose an alternative interpretation for the grain-size evolution recorded in the KDP-01 core, retrieved from the central part of Lake Khubsugul. Their interpretation is based (i) on a seismic-stratigraphic re-interpretation of sparker seismic profile khub012 (which they copied from Fedotov et al. (EOS Trans 87:246–250, 2006)), (ii) on the presupposition that changes in lake level are the dominant control on facies distribution in Lake Khubsugul, and (iii) on the invalidation of our age-depth model. In this reply to their comment, we demonstrate that they interpreted seismic artefacts and geometries caused by changes in profile orientation as true stratigraphic features and that the lake-level reconstruction they derive from this interpretation is therefore incorrect. We also demonstrate that their grain-size predictions, which they consider to be predominantly driven by changes in lake level, are inconsistent with the measured sulphate concentration, which is a demonstrated proxy of lake level in Lake Khubsugul, and with the measured grain-size record. Finally, we point out that even if there would be a problem with the age-depth model, this problem would not affect the part of the sedimentary sequence discussed in Fedotov et al. (J Paleolimnol 39:335–348, 2008).  相似文献   

基于TRMM数据的鄱阳湖流域降雨时空分布特征及其精度评价   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李相虎  张奇  邵敏 《地理科学进展》2012,31(9):1164-1170

基于1998-2007 年热带测雨卫星(TRMM) 3B42 V6 降雨数据分析鄱阳湖流域降雨时空分布特征, 并利用40个气象站观测日降雨数据对TRMM数据在不同子流域、不同降雨强度及不同季节里的精度进行了对比分析, 弥补了以往只评价整体精度的不足。结果显示:鄱阳湖流域北部地区修水、饶河子流域较易出现暴雨, 导致雷达信号衰减, 使TRMM对大雨强降雨的探测出现较大偏差;流域内降雨以10~50 mm为主, 其雨量占到总雨量的60%;流域降雨在年内1-3 月中旬为干旱少雨期, 3 月下旬-9 月初为湿润多雨期, 9-12 月再次进入干旱少雨期;而空间分布呈东、西部大, 中部小的格局;同时发现, 在赣南山区TRMM降雨较观测雨量低300~400 mm, 这可能受高程和坡度的影响, 使TRMM对山区降雨的探测精度也出现较大偏差。  相似文献   

基于遥感反演参数与双约束空间聚类算法的湖泊营养物生态分区   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柯新利  刘曼  邓祥征 《地理科学进展》2012,31(3):315-323

中国湖泊营养物水平和富营养化效应存在显著区域分异特征,开展湖泊营养物生态分区研究,是实现湖泊分区控制的前提和基础。本文以云贵高原亚热带湿润区为案例区,通过遥感反演得到研究区域湖泊水体的叶绿素a(Chl-a)、总氮(TP)和总磷(TN)含量,从自然地理要素、生态系统和人类活动3 方面建立指标体系;根据研究区域 DEM数据划分小流域,将各指标因子投影到小流域;在小流域尺度上,采用数理统计方法定量分析各指标分别对 Chl-a/P 与Chl-a/N 的作用,计算两种湖泊营养物生态分区评价分值;采用双约束空间聚类算法对小流域尺度上两种湖泊营养物生态分区评价分值共同进行聚类,形成湖泊营养物生态分区结果。研究发现：①通过遥感反演模型可以将少数呈点状分布的监测数据推演到面上,这在一定程度上弥补了有限的野外监测数据量难以支撑湖泊营养物生态分区的不足;②通过构建各指标因子分别与湖泊水体中Chl-a/P、Chl-a/N 的定量关系,实现了湖泊营养物生态分区中湖泊水体微观指标与湖泊流域宏观指标的有机结合;③采用双约束空间聚类进行湖泊营养物生态分区,保证了分区结果在空间上的连续性和评价分值上的接近性;④根据自然地理条件、土地利用和人类活动强度的不同,将云贵高原亚热带湿润区分为4 个区：北云南高原湖区、滇南河谷山原湖区、桂西-滇东-黔南岩溶湖区、贵州高原东北部湖区。本文提出的基于双约束空间聚类的湖泊营养物生态分区方法也可以作为其它地区乃至国家尺度湖泊营养物生态分区的借鉴。  相似文献   

Contribution of Methane Benthic and Atmospheric Fluxes of an Experimental Area (Sitka Stream)          下载免费PDF全文

Adam Bednařík  Lubomír Čáp  Vítězslav Maier  Martin Rulík 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(8):1136-1142

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Testing for sufficient signal resetting during sediment transport using a polymineral multiple-signal luminescence approach     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

We present a multiple luminescence signal measurement procedure that simultaneously measures six different luminescence signals from a single polymineral aliquot (i.e. multiple-signal, short MS-SAR approach). The six signals show different bleaching rates in bleaching experiments, ranging from rapid bleaching for the quartz dominated blue stimulated luminescence signal (measured at 125 °C, BSL-125), to the slow-bleaching polymineral thermoluminescence signal. The bleaching rate of the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) measured at room temperature (IR-25) and elevated temperature post-IR IRSL (pIRIR-90, pIRIR-155, pIRIR-225) signals decrease with increasing measurement temperature. Owing to these different bleaching rates, the MS-SAR approach allows inference of the degree of bleaching, and thereby information on the transport history of sediments. We test this approach by applying the MS-SAR to four coastal samples from a well-monitored sand-nourishment site at the Dutch coast. Our results show that the proposed MS-SAR approach can be utilised to construct bleaching plateaus which provide an independent and time-effective measure of the degree of poor bleaching in a sediment sample based on the measurement of only a few large aliquots. We propose that the MS-SAR protocol can be used to profile the age, luminescence properties and degree of bleaching of minimal prepared polymineral. This pre-profiling will allow the selection of suitable samples for full luminescence dating analysis in a target-orientated and time-effective manner.  相似文献   

Grain‐size distributions on high‐energy sandy beaches and their relation to wave dissipation          下载免费PDF全文

Sam Prodger  Paul Russell  Mark Davidson 《Sedimentology》2017,64(5):1289-1302

Grain size and sorting represent two key parameters when characterizing sediments or modelling beach morphology and sediment transport. Traditionally, an average value for grain size or sorting is often assumed for the entire area, determined from only a few sediment samples, ignoring any spatial (or temporal) variability in sediment characteristics. This contribution uses a data set of physical surface sediment samples from 53 beach locations around the south‐west peninsula of the United Kingdom, in addition to bi‐monthly, high spatial resolution (mean 240 samples) digital grain‐size surveys from a high‐energy, oceanic, sandy beach (Perranporth, North Cornwall). Systematic spatial variations in grain size and sorting were consistently observed in the seaward direction across the intertidal zone of sandy beaches, with grain‐sizes coarsening and sorting improving by up to 51·7% and 64·3%, respectively. This variability was deterministically related to the time‐averaged, antecedent‐adjusted energy dissipated by breaking waves, with the observed maximum grain‐size and sorting values correlating with the location of peak wave energy dissipation (r² = 0·998, P < 0·01).  相似文献   

A log‐normal spectral analysis of inorganic grain‐size distributions from a Canadian boreal lake core: Towards refining depositional process proxy data from high latitude lakes          下载免费PDF全文

Paul R. Gammon  Lisa A. Neville  R. Timothy Patterson  Martine M. Savard  Graeme T. Swindles 《Sedimentology》2017,64(3):609-630

Better methods for interpreting grain‐size spectra will enhance current understanding of past transport–depositional processes. A high‐resolution inorganic grain‐size dataset has been measured from a freeze core extracted from ‘Alberta Lake E’ a boreal fresh water lake 40 km east of the Athabasca Oil Sands in north‐eastern Alberta, Canada. The grain‐size spectra are remarkably consistent throughout the core, exhibiting a structure comprising six persistent grain‐size distributions below ca 250 μm, plus a rare medium‐sand distribution. Automated deconvolution of the grain‐size spectra produced poor results. Constraining the modes of two of the distributions produced deconvolution solutions that were statistically excellent and consistent with the structure of each spectrum. Statistical analysis of the ‘constrained’ solutions indicates that deconvolution successfully extracted independent grain‐size populations. Conversely, the multimodal spectra generate traditional measures (for example, mean grain size) that are inconsistent combinations of different individual populations and thus are poor proxies of transport–depositional processes. Alberta Lake E is situated in a boreal wetland landscape where sediment delivery is dominated by overland flow transport during spring melt. This context means that the Alberta Lake E grain‐size spectra can be interpreted to reflect: (i) a bedload component transported during short‐duration high discharge events that reflect the intensity of the melt; and (ii) a finer suspended load component representing material whose magnitude is controlled by the volume of the spring melt. Stratigraphically, bedload and suspended load populations demonstrate different short‐wavelength and long‐wavelength cyclicity, suggesting that spring melt is likely to be driven by cyclic external forcing factors. The links between the grain‐size spectra and spring melt have potential for generating proxy records that better capture the external controls over spring melt in boreal systems and the risks associated with these energetic hydrodynamics. This is exemplified by the coarsest Alberta Lake E distributions, which indicate that more intense spring‐melt dynamics occurred in pre‐historical times.  相似文献   

青海省宗马海湖地区始新—中新统干柴沟组沉积相探析          下载免费PDF全文

崔庆岗  张树淇  韩广振  魏斌  赵淑芳 《山东国土资源》2017,33(7)

宗马海湖地区位于柴达木盆地的北缘,有着良好的油气、钾盐勘探前景。该文在分析柴达木盆地北缘宗马海湖地区区域地质背景的基础上,对始新-中新统干柴沟组的岩石学特征、地层特征、沉积构造特征及沉积相等进行了较为深入的研究。干柴沟组沉积相以滨湖亚相、浅湖亚相及扇三角洲相为主,滨-浅亚湖沉积发育最为广泛。扇三角洲相具牵引流、重力流沉积特征,中、粗粒碎屑岩为主;滨湖亚相具较高流态的水动力条件,以砂和粉砂为主,砂泥间互层频繁;浅湖亚相以泥质沉积为主,显示低能的浅水静态沉积作用。文中总结了研究区干柴沟组沉积期沉积相演化特征,建立了干柴沟沉积相平面展布图;干柴沟组沉积相的形成与季节性变化息息相关,湖水上涨、后退导致北部山区扇三角洲较发育,而南部区域始终位于滨、浅湖环境中。  相似文献   

青藏高原湖泊面积动态监测     

杨珂含  姚方方  董迪  董文  骆剑承 《地球信息科学学报》2017,19(7):972-982

高原湖泊的动态变化对区域水循环具有重要影响。受全球气候变化的影响,青藏高原湖泊自20世纪90年代开始呈现剧烈扩张趋势。为揭示近年来青藏高原湖泊面积的时空变化规律,本文提出了一种改进的半自动湖泊提取算法,结合环境减灾卫星（HJ-1A/1B）和Landsat系列卫星影像数据,对青藏高原内流流域中面积大于50 km²的127个湖泊进行了连续6年的动态监测,并分析了该区域2009-2014年湖泊面积时空变化特征。研究结果表明,该区域湖泊整体呈现显著扩张趋势,年均变化速率为231.89 km²yr^-1（0.87 %yr^-1）,6年间湖泊面积扩张速率有所减缓。其中,扩张湖泊有104个,收缩湖泊有23个,变化速率分别为271.08 km²yr^-1（1.02 % yr^-1）和-39.19 km²yr^-1（-0.15 %yr^-1）。不同区域湖泊面积变化具有明显差异,主要表现为东部及北部大部分区域湖泊扩张,南部地区大部分湖泊面积稳定,萎缩湖泊主要分布于研究区四周。最后,本文通过分析冰川融水补给对湖泊面积变化的影响,发现存在冰川融水补给的湖泊面积变化率远大于不存在冰川融水补给的湖泊。由此可见,近年来冰川融水的增加是促进青藏高原内流流域湖泊扩张的主要因素之一。  相似文献   

Analysis of patterns of vertical and temporal distribution of phytoplankton using multifactorial analysis: Acidic Lake Caviahue, Patagonia, Argentina     

Sara G. Beamud  Mónica M. Diaz  Nora B. Baccalá 《Limnologica》2010,40(2):140-147

Most existing studies on the algal communities of acid lakes are based on environments that have been caused by anthropogenic disturbances. Such lakes have a different origin compared to the natural acidic lakes and could be expected to differ also in the mechanisms controlling phytoplankton and trophic status. Planktonic community in Lake Caviahue is somewhat diverse in spite of the low pH of the water. Algae have a distinctive vertical distribution: the values of phytoplankton biomass remain constant throughout the water column and at times were highest in the upper end of the hypolimnion, forming a maximum or a layer of chlorophyll a at depth. The goal of this work was to investigate the factors influencing the seasonal and vertical distribution of phytoplankton. The lake was sampled between the years 2004 and 2006. Physical, chemical and biological parameters at different depths throughout the water column were determined. The interrelationships between environmental variables at different sampling dates were analyzed using an integration of multivariate matrices, multiple factor analysis, to analyze any joint partnerships in the samples. We found that phytoplankton biomass is dominated by Keratococcus rhaphidioides. With regard to zooplankton, we found a single species of rotifers (Philodina sp.). The two arms of the lake and the depths have different behaviours showing differences in the arms' conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH. The more superficial layers were characterized by high values of phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass, organic and inorganic carbon, dissolved oxygen and pH. The deeper layers showed high values of chlorophyll a, ammonium and phosphorus (dissolved and particulate). From the multivariate analysis the relationships of the each algal species with pH, as a possible indicator of the degree of “acidophilia”, could be extracted.  相似文献