广东纯石灰岩山区人口外迁后的环境保护与旅游开发设想     

陈朝辉 《热带地理》1994,(2)

分布在广东省西北部的纯石灰岩山区自然资源十分贫乏，自然条件十分恶劣，土地的人口承载力十分低，已采取外迁人口，以求从根本上解决其极端贫困的措施。人口外迁以后的石灰岩山区应继续发展林业，改善生态环境，创造条件建成国家森林公园或自然保护区，并适当发展旅游业，变无用地为有用地。  相似文献   

浙江江山砚瓦山组瘤状灰岩的成因   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郭福生  梁鼎新 《矿物岩石》1993,13(3):74-80

浙江江山地区砚瓦山组瘤状灰岩的结构构造及其形成机理复杂多样,一般可划分出五种岩石类型,即压扁瘤状泥灰岩、揉皱角砾状泥灰岩、压溶瘤状灰岩、干裂角砾状灰岩和粗砾屑灰岩。瘤状灰岩形成于碳酸盐台地浅水部位,水体为半浑浊。其发育程度及其层位的区域变化规律表明,泥质浑水系来自海盆东侧的华夏古陆。  相似文献   

High-characterization of Vadose Zone Dynamics in Limestone Underground Quarries by Time Domain Reflectometry     

Adrian?CerepiEmail author 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2004,161(2):365-384

The aim of this paper is to study the vadose zone dynamics during a hydrological cycle. The application of the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) method to determine the water content of porous rock has been widely investigated. More than 657 point measurements of rock water content observed during a hydrological cycle and distributed among three abandoned underground quarries in Gironde, France show a permanently undersaturated limestone. Two periods of maximum water content correspond to two occurring effective precipitations. The dephasing and amplitude attenuation of the hydraulic wave with the depth can be modelled and explained by the physical properties of the porous medium. Maps of the spatial distribution of water content show the heterogeneity of water flow in a vadose zone.  相似文献   

梧桐庄矿治理野青灰岩含水层的有效途径研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

关永强 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(5):28-30

根据矿井精查地质报告以及目前进行的综合水文地质勘探资料分析了梧桐庄矿井田野青灰岩含水层的水文地质特征以及对生产的危害特点，提出了对野青灰岩含水层的治理方针即“以治为主，查、疏、注、堵相结合，综合治理”，具体途径为“掘前超前勘探，采前查明条件，疏水降压、注浆改造底板，疏堵结合，综合治理”。  相似文献   

渭北东部奥陶灰岩地下水硫酸盐起源的化学同位素研究     

范基姣  马致远  何锦  刘瑞平 《地下水》2005,27(5):344-346

通过对渭北东部奥陶灰岩地下水中SO42-、δD、δ34S、δ18O的分析研究,认为奥陶灰岩地下水中硫酸盐起源主要为海相硫酸盐的溶解,其次为南部古沉积咸水混入.  相似文献   

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带二叠纪灰岩体的动物群及其古地理意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李文忠 《地质论评》2005,51(3):225-233,i001

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带含有从砾石级到几十平方千米大小的二叠纪灰岩体，它们没有完整的地层层序，与围岩形成混杂或滑杂堆积，长期以来对其来源的解释存在争论。本文通过对灰岩体的动物群类型、古生物地理区系及其岩石学特征等方面进行研究和比较，认为雅鲁藏布江缝合线一带的二叠纪灰岩体总体上都呈现出冈瓦纳冷水型与华夏暖水型动物群混生特点，应形成于相同或类似的沉积环境。根据珊瑚、筵、腕足类等动物群大致分为与南方冈瓦纳大陆北缘内陆棚相动物群比较接近和与更靠近古赤道区的拉萨地块动物群较为接近两种类型，其时代从早二叠世晚期至长兴期不等。灰岩体主要由肉红色或灰色纯生物碎屑灰岩组成，不含或含有很少的陆源碎屑，均孤立地分散于中生代地层中，与围岩往往呈断层接触，断层带或灰岩夹层中经常有玄武岩或其他火山岩。因此，灰岩体可能为位于冈瓦纳大陆北缘外陆棚上小型碳酸盐台地或新特提斯洋最初裂解带上的海山型碳酸盐岩沉积，受后期印度-欧亚大陆板块碰撞作用而成为外来体夹于缝合带的其他海相沉积中。  相似文献   

The negative effect of environmental geological conditions of some geo-archaeological sites of North Coast and Alexandria     

Hani Ibrahim  Gamal Kamh 《Environmental Geology》2005,49(2):179-187

Three geo-archaeological sites at the North Coast and Alexandria, namely, the Alexandria wall (El Shalalat Park site), Abu Soir temple, and Marina excavations, were investigated to determine the negative impact of a salty environmental condition. The monuments suffer from rock decay of different rates. The geo-archaeological sites were built mainly from oolitic limestone blocks (i.e., the Alexandria wall at the El Shalalat Park site and Abu Soir temple) or excavated on them (i.e., Marina excavations). Field inspection and a lab analysis were carried out to understand the weathering mechanism. Salt weathering criteria such as disintegration, pitting, scaling, exfoliation, and honeycomb are observed on the Alexandria wall and upper parts of the Abu Soir temple, while dangerous cracks are detected on the Marina excavation tombs. The petrographic study of the oolitic limestone samples shows that they consist mainly of oolities and drusy sparite as a cement (oolitic grainstone). Some oolities have quartz grains as nuclei. Hydrochemical analysis shows that the total dissolved salts of extracted solutions of the North Coast quarry samples range from 539 to 686 ppm and dramatically increase (i.e., ten times) for extracted solutions from monument samples, ranging from 5395 to 6880 ppm. The dominant cation is sodium while the dominant anion is chlorine. Acid insoluble residue analysis shows that the carbonate content ranges from 89.2% to 96.4% for fresh samples from quarries and from 9.2% to 94.8% for weathered monument samples. The weight loss of the quarry oolitic limestone samples range from 30.7% to 32.7% and its physical and mechanical properties become worse after being subjected to 15 cycles of a durability simulation soundness test (using a sodium sulphate solution). Our main recommendations are to use suitable grouting for binding the cracks, high durability reconstruction rocks, and suitable cleaning methods to remove salts from the monuments.  相似文献   

Seepage problems in the right abutment of the Shahid Abbaspour dam, southern Iran   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M.H. Ghobadi  G.R. Khanlari 《Engineering Geology》2005,82(2):119-126

In this study, seepage phenomena through the right abutment of Shahid Abbaspour dam are investigated. The Shahid Abbaspour dam is a 200 m high arch dam, which regulates the waters of the Karun River, serves power generation, and flood control and irrigation needs. The dam site lies in the Zagros Mountains of southern Iran. This region presents continuous series of mainly of karstic limestone, marl, shale and gypsum ranging in age from Jurassic to Pliocene. The region has subsequently been folded and faulted. Seepage from the Shahid Abbaspour reservoir occurs mainly through the karstic limestone.The basic foundation treatment of the dam consisted of consolidation grouting, a high-pressure grout curtain and a drainage curtain. Moreover, a 144 m high and 30 m wide concrete cutoff wall was built to prevent reservoir seepage through a clay-filled fracture zone in the right abutment. The grout curtain penetrates the “Principal Vuggy Zone” only beneath the central portion of the dam and below the cutoff wall. In the right abutment fan curtains were constructed to reduce drainage flows, but the seepage problem could not be solved. In order to determine the seepage direction and karstification pattern, hydrogeological studies have been carried out. Additional investigation boreholes have been drilled to monitor fluctuations in groundwater level. Besides these, water chemistry, dye tracer, pinhole and XRF tests have been carried out. As a result of these studies, seepage paths have been identified in the karstic limestone in the right abutment of the dam.  相似文献   

江苏省水泥用灰岩资源供需形势和对策     

王传礼  叶水泉 《江苏地质》2006,30(3):231-235

水泥用灰岩矿是水泥工业的主要原料,对经济发展意义重大。从水泥灰岩资源及其开发现状着手,分析了江苏省水泥灰岩资源的供需形势,从而提出了合理配置水泥灰岩资源的6条对策和建议。  相似文献   

New Indices for Characterizing Spatial Models of Ore Deposits by the Use of a Sensitivity Vector and an Influence Factor     

Katsuaki Koike  Setsuro Matsuda 《Mathematical Geology》2006,38(5):541-564

Precise spatial estimation of ore grades and impurity contents from sample data limited in amount and location is indispensable to metallic and nonmetallic resource exploration. One of the advantages of using geostatistics for this purpose is that it can incorporate multivariate data into spatial estimation of one variable. However, there are two weak points concerning technical and post-processing problems. First is the difficulty in application to geologic data in which spatial correlations are not clear because of intrinsic nonlinear behavior. Second is the absence of indices to interpret the mechanisms and factors which govern the spatial distribution. To address these problems, a spatial method of modeling based on a feedforward neural network, SLANS, which recognizes the relationship between the data value and location by considering supplementary attributes such as lithology and biostratigraphy, and a sensitivity analysis using this network were developed. These methods were applied to two case studies, genetic mechanisms of kuroko deposits and quality assessment of a limestone mine. The first case study is a spatial analysis of principal metals of kuroko deposits (volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits) in the Hokuroku district, northern Japan. It was clarified that upward and downward sensitivity vectors were distinguished near the deposits inside and outside the tectonic basin, respectively. Sensitivity analysis for the second case study showed a strong effect of crystalline limestone on the important impurity, P₂O₅ contents. Hydrothermal alteration, which could cause leaching and secondary concentration of phosphorus, is considered to have produced this effect.  相似文献