旌式泥沙捕获器的研制和施测   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

印萍  王景川  吕京福  丁明祥  边淑华  吴碧君  金永德 《海岸工程》2003,22(2):8-14

介绍了旌式泥沙捕获器的研制，以及该仪器在破波带泥沙垂直分布、破波带泥沙搬运机制和海岸带泥沙输运速率和通量研究中的应用；详细描述了旌式泥沙捕获器在破波带泥沙观测中的安装和施测要点。  相似文献   

Escape ring selectivity, bycatch, and discard survivability in the New England fishery for deep-water red crab, Chaceon quinquedens     

Tallack  S. M. L. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(8):1579-1586

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El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Related Variations in Particulate Export Fluxes in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific     

Hodaka Kawahata  Lallan Prasad Gupta 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(5):663-670

Time-series data from sediment trap moorings intermittently deployed during 1991–1999 show that the fluxes of biogenic material (carbonate, opal and organic matter, including amino acids) and other related parameters are temporally and spatially distinct across the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). These variations resulted from the El Niño and La Niña conditions, which alternately prevailed over the equatorial Pacific Ocean during the mooring deployments. The westernmost WPWP (a hemipelagic region) recorded relatively high average total mass and amino acid fluxes during the El Niño event. This was in sharp contrast to the eastern part of the WPWP (oligotrophic and weak upwelling regions) which recorded higher flux values during the La Niña event. Settling particulate organic matter was rich in labile components (amino acids) during La Niña throughout the study area. Relative molar ratios of aspartic acid to β-alanine together with relative molar content of non-protein amino acids β-alanine and γ-aminobutyric acid) suggested that organic matter degradation was more intense during La Niña relative to that during El Niño in the WPWP. This study clearly shows that during an El Niño event the well documented decrease in export flux in the easternmost equatorial Pacific is accompanied by a significant increase in export flux in the westernmost equatorial Pacific Ocean.  相似文献   

Internal recycling of particle reactive organic chemicals in the Chesapeake Bay water column     

Fung-Chi Ko  Lawrence P. Sanford  Joel E. Baker 《Marine Chemistry》2003,81(3-4):163-176

Hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) may be used as tracers of particle dynamics in aquatic systems. Internal cycling of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied in the mesohaline Chesapeake Bay to assess the role of resuspension in maintaining particle and contaminant inventories in the water column, and to compare settling and suspended particle characteristics. Direct measurements of sediment resuspension and settling conducted in conjunction with one of the sediment trap deployments indicate reasonable agreement between measurements of particle flux using the two different methods. Organic carbon and PCB concentrations in settling solids collected in near-surface sediment traps were remarkably lower than concentrations in suspended particles collected by filtration during the trap deployments, but higher PAH concentrations were found in the settling particles. The different behaviors of PAHs and PCBs in the settling particles are due to their different source types and association to different types of particles. Sediment trap collections in near bottom waters were dominated by resuspension. Resuspension fluxes of HOCs measured 2 m above the bay bottom were as high as 2.5 μg/m² day for total PCBs and 15 μg/m² day for fluoranthene, and were 25 and 10 times higher than their settling fluxes from surface waters, respectively. HOC concentrations in the near bottom traps varied much less between trap deployments than HOC concentrations in the surface traps, indicating that the chemical composition of the resuspended particles collected in the near bottom traps was more time-averaged by repeated resuspension than the surface particles.  相似文献   

Depth of volcanic basalt degassing forecasted from CO2 fluid inclusions     

陈勇  周瑶琪  吴智平  任拥军  赵振宇 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(2):186-191

Fluid inclusions have recorded the history of degassing in basalt. Some fluid inclusions in olivine and pyroxene phenocrysts of basalt were analyzed by micro-thermometry and Raman spectroscopy in this paper. The experimental results showed that many inclusions are present almost in a pure CO2 system. The densities of some CO2 inclusions were computed in terms of Raman spectroscopic characteristics of CO2 Fermi resonance at room temperature. Their densities change over a wide range, but mainly between 0.044 g/cm3 and 0.289 g/cm3. Their micro-thermometric measurements showed that the CO2 inclusions examined reached homogenization between 1145.5℃ and 1265℃ . The mean value of homogenization temperatures of CO2 inclusions in basalts is near 1210℃. The trap pressures (depths) of inclusions were computed with the equation of state and computer program. Distribution of the trap depths makes it know that the degassing of magma can happen over a wide pressure (depth) range, but mainly at the depth of 0.48 km to 3.85 km. This implicates that basalt magma experienced intensive degassing and the CO2 gas reservoir from the basalt magma also may be formed in this range of depths. The results of this study showed that the depth of basalt magma degassing can be forecasted from CO2 fluid inclusions, and it is meaningful for understanding the process of magma degassing and constraining the inorganogenic CO2 gas reservoir.  相似文献   

南极普里兹湾北部深海沉降颗粒物通量的季节性变化   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

张海生  扈传昱  潘建明  陈志强  陈波  刘小涯  卢勇 《地球化学》2003,32(4):358-362

利用1998～2000年中国南极科学考察期间(第15和16航次)在南极普里兹湾北部海域所获得的沉积物捕获器样品的资料,对南极普里兹湾北部海域颗粒物的有机地球化学特征进行了调查,并重点开展了该海域颗粒物通量及其季节性变化特征的研究。研究结果表明,在1000m深度,颗粒物通量呈现明显的季节性变化,最高通量出现在南极夏季的1月份,最低通量出现在4～7月份;通量的变化范围为13.00～334.59mgd-1m-2。捕获器中颗粒物的主要成分为生源物质(生物硅、有机质和碳酸钙),占总通量的50.62%～92.06%,而生源组分中又以生物硅为主要成分,其值介于9.30～136.33mgd-1m-2之间,占总通量的40.74%～74.21%。有机质和碳酸钙的通量远小于生物硅,分别平均占总通量的9.06%±4.26%和4.42%±2.14%。颗粒物中各组分通量的变化趋势与总通量明显相似,均呈现明显的季节性变化,这主要归因于研究海域海冰的形成与消退。在垂向变化上,1月份1000m深度颗粒物通量高于2000m深度,这表明该海域颗粒物的转化主要发生在上层水体。  相似文献   

Types of Karst-fractured and Porous Reservoirs in China''s Carbonates and the Nature of the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin     

ZHANG Kang  WANG Darui Exploration  Production Research Institute  China Petroleum  Chemical Corporation 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3)

Almost all the oil and gas reservoirs developed in marine sedimentary strata of China have undergone processes of multi-phase reservoir formation and later modification. The irregular reservoirs are classified into three types as the Naxi, Tahe and Renqiu ones, increasing successively in the development degree of karstificated pores and fissures and the connection degree of independent reservoirs. In these reservoirs, the unity in the fluid feature, pressure and oil-gas-water interface also increases successively from the Naxi to the Renqiu type. The main body of Ordovician reservoirs of the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin is a network pool rather than a stratified, massive, stratigraphically-unconformed or weathering-crust one. The fluid nature of oil, gas and water, the interface positions and the pressures, as well as the dynamic conditions of fluids within the reservoirs during the production are all different from those in stratified or massive oil and gas reservoirs. Carbonates in the Akekule upli  相似文献   

Organic geochemical characteristics of time-series settling particles in northern South China Sea and their implications     

Chen Jianfang  Xu Luqiang  Zheng Lianfu  How-Kin Wong  Tim Jennerjahn 《中国地球化学学报》1998,17(3):275-283

Organic carbon, total nitrogen, amino acids, sugars, and chlorophyll were determined in < 1 mm fractions of the samples collected by successive large aperture time-series sediment traps (Honjo-Mark M) in northern South China Sea during September 1987 to October 1988. The ratio of C/N and the relative abundance of amino acids and sugars show that organic matter in the settling particles from northern South China Sea is derived mainly from marine plantkon (especially phytoplankton). The organic carbon fluxes in our sediment traps are lower than those in other sediment traps. But the relative contents of C_org/total particulate matter are generally similar to those in the Panama Basin, Arabian Sea and Subarctic Pacific. It is suggested that monsoon-caused changes of physical and chemical conditions in the upper euphotic layer would control the fluxes of organic matter as well as its composition and transport in northern South China Sea. This project was financially supported by both Sino-German Scientific Cooperation Program and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49070269, 49776297).  相似文献   

非构造油气藏国内外研究现状及发展方向   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

林雄  田景春 《沉积与特提斯地质》1998,18(4):63-70

隐蔽圈闭油气藏的研究现状表明,随着勘探程度的不断提高以及石油地质和沉积学研究的深入,尤其是层序地层学研究的进一步加强,隐蔽圈闭油气藏将成为今后油气工作的重点勘探对象。因此,本文就隐蔽圈闭油气藏的分类、特征及实际意义进行深入论述,并就其发展趋势进行了总结,以期对我国今后油气勘探部署提供参考。  相似文献   

中国西北含油气盆地周缘滑脱逆冲褶皱带中的油气聚集     

肖安成  李启明 《矿物岩石》1998,18(1):60-65

我国西部的许多中新生代含油气盆地周缘广泛发育滑脱的褶皱逆冲带,在这些冲断带中已发现了丰富的油气聚集。文章通过对西部主要盆地的周缘滑脱逆冲褶皱带的研究,指出这些构造带具有形成时间新,变形范围大和构造复杂的特点,由于强烈的构造变形,其中所形成的圈闭以构造型为主,油气藏成排成带产出;文章指出,西部滑脱逆冲褶皱带中的油气聚集具有近源和被多期改造的特点,断层是油气运移聚集的主要因素,油气勘探的目标应放在逆冲带的前缘区进行。  相似文献