100Ma——塔里木盆地演化的重要周期   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李京昌  金之钧  刘国臣  张一伟 《地学前缘》1997,(Z2)

运用沉积盆地波动分析方法对塔里木盆地典型井的周期分析表明，塔里木盆地在其地质历史时期１００Ｍａ的周期是很明显的，自寒武纪以来共经历了４个完整的周期，每一完整周期都由正相位和负相位两个半周期所组成，而第三纪为第Ⅴ个周期的正相位阶段。该周期控制了盆地内的沉积与剥蚀的过程及成藏旋回，并至少控制了古生代的反转构造。对沉积与剥蚀过程的控制作用表现在周期波正相位和负相位分别对应于沉积期和剥蚀期；对含油气系统的控制作用表现在：第Ⅰ个周期波构成以早古生代地层为主体的含油气系统，第Ⅱ个周期波至第Ⅳ个周期波构成以晚古生代至中生代地层为主体的含油气系统，第Ⅴ个周期的正相位阶段构成以新生代地层为主体的含油气系统；对反转构造的控制作用表现在：正相位Ⅰ（寒武纪—早奥陶世）和正相位Ⅱ（晚泥盆世晚期—晚石炭世早期）为伸展构造体制，负相位Ⅰ（中奥陶世—晚泥盆世早期）与负相位Ⅱ（晚石炭世晚期—早二叠世早期）为挤压构造体制。塔里木盆地演化具有１００Ｍａ周期的原因与古天山洋、古昆仑洋及特提斯洋的Ｂ型俯冲触发的地幔羽的上升流及地块的拼贴导致的地幔羽的休眠状态息息相关，从而周期性地控制了塔里木盆地内的沉积与剥蚀过程、成藏旋回及反转构造。  相似文献   

ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CHINA ANOMALOUS CLIMATE VARIATION AND ENSO CYCLE ON THE QUASI-FOUR-YEAR SCALE     

朱艳峰  陈隆勋  宇如聪 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2004,10(1):1-13

1 INTRODUCTION Much work has been done addressing the relationship between anomalous climate changes and ENSO in China and the results vary much. For instance, Li et al. (1987) [1] think that the Mei-yu (sustained rain) starts later, lasts shorter and pre…  相似文献   

陕西渭北东部寒武纪-奥陶纪岩相古地理与岩溶水赋存关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

党学亚张茂省  喻胜虎 《地质通报》2004,23(11):1103-1108

在系统研究大量野外实测剖面和钻孔资料的基础上，认为本区寒武纪-奥陶纪岩相古地理演化可分为3个海侵海退旋回，构成了一套独特的、完整的沉积序列。沉积层的岩溶发育程度与沉积环境密切相关，从开阔海、潮下、高能、滩环境沉积层，到开阔海、低能、间歇高能环境沉积层，再到滨海、潮上、泥云坪和泥灰坪环境沉积层，岩溶发育程度逐渐降低，富水程度逐渐减弱。  相似文献   

黄河流域水循环演变若干问题的研究   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29       下载免费PDF全文

刘昌明 《水科学进展》2004,15(5):608-614

从若干方面的研究结果揭示了黄河流域水循环发生的巨大变化.水循环是水资源科学评价与合理开发利用的基本依据.水循环主要要素的变化取决于气候条件的变化与人类活动的影响.对前者宜采用适应性对策,在研究气候变化的基础上,分析水循环变动的规律并预测其趋势,制定相应的适应性措施;对于后者则应加强水资源开发利用的科学管理,以维持流域天然水资源的可更新(可再生)性.  相似文献   

辽西北票—义县地区义县旋回火山岩的岩石化学特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

彭艳东  张立东  张长捷郭胜哲邢德和  贾斌  陈树旺  丁秋红 《中国地质》2004,31(4):356-364

辽西地区是中国中生代火山岩主要分布区之一。义县组分为4个岩性段。义县火山旋回可分为4个亚旋回。第一亚旋回分为4个小旋回。从早期至晚期，义县旋回火山岩逐渐由基性向中基性、中性和酸性演化，火山岩岩石组合为基性岩-中性岩-酸性岩组合，从北票-义县，火山活动显示了由老到新的迁移性。主要氧化物关系表明岩石的SiO2与K2O呈正相关，SiO2与MgO、CaO、FeO Fe2O3呈负相关。TAS图解反映了火山岩较高碱度的总体特征，硅-碱关系图和AFM图解反映了火山岩属于亚碱性系列中的钙碱性系列岩石，在SiO2-K2O关系图上，绝大部分样品落于高钾钙碱性系列区内，少量落于钾玄岩系列区，因此义县旋回火山岩以高钾钙碱性系列岩石为主，部分为钾玄岩系列，表明岩石富钾。义县旋回火山岩具有大陆板内火山岩的基本特征。  相似文献   

Coastal processes and cliff recession between Gabicce and Pesaro (northern Adriatic Sea): a case history     

P. Colantoni  D. Mencucci  O. Nesci   《Geomorphology》2004,62(3-4):257-268

Cliff recession on the high rocky coast between Gabicce and Pesaro Adriatic sea causes a wide range of mass movement processes on the whole slope, affecting both the bedrock and the overburden. The outcropping late Miocene rock formations are represented by marls, marly limestones, dark laminated mudstones and bedded sandstones and marls. Mass movements are common because of stratification and discontinuities in the rocks that, together with the presence of groundwater and weathering processes, reduce the overall strength of the slopes. A model for the evolution of this coastal area is proposed, which involves cyclic basal erosion, followed by mass movement that favours debris accumulation at the base of the cliff. The longshore currents have to then remove the material before a new cycle can begin.  相似文献   

On the Mechanism of the Locking of the El Nio Event Onset Phase to Boreal Spring     

严邦良 《大气科学进展》2005,(5)

1. Introduction The observed facts show that the ENSO cycle has obvious phase-locking and oscillates irregularly (An and Wang, 2001; Kaplan et al., 1998). Based on Zibiak and Cane's (1987) model (hereafter, the Z-C model) and simple, coupled ocean-atmosph…  相似文献   

海洋平流的季节变化对La Nia事件成熟位相锁定的作用     

严邦良 《大气科学》2005,(2)

用一个中等复杂程度的热带海气耦合模式模拟LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底左右的特征并研究其形成的机制。结果表明 ,模式能很好地模拟观测到的LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底左右的特征。LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底主要由海洋气候基本态引起。海洋垂直平均流是LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底左右的最主要因子。由海洋气候基本态的季节变化所引起的冷平流的季节变化是LaNi na事件成熟位相锁定在年底的机制。在LaNi na事件期间 ,1～ 5月份 ,赤道中东太平洋地区的冷平流较弱 ,它不能平衡海气热量交换过程的影响 ,因而海洋表面温度增加。这一过程使海气耦合不稳定度减弱 ,从而使LaNi na事件衰减。 6～ 12月份 ,赤道中东太平洋地区的冷平流较强。海气热量交换过程的影响不能平衡较强冷平流的影响 ,因而海洋表面温度减小。这一过程使海气耦合不稳定度加强 ,从而使LaNi na事件发展。这样 ,LaNi na事件成熟位相容易出现在年底左右。  相似文献   

Life cycle of Agapetus fuscipes (Trichoptera, Glossosomatidae) in a first-order upland stream in central Germany     

Georg Becker   《Limnologica》2005,35(1-2):52-60

The number of immature stages and the seasonal patterns of development are basic life history features of a stream dwelling species and knowledge about these important components are essential for understanding its adaptations to its dynamic environment. The life cycle of Agapetus fuscipes (Trichoptera, Glossosomatidae), one of the dominant scrapers in the upper and middle reaches of the Breitenbach, a first-order upland stream in central Germany, was analysed. The pronotum length and the relationship between pronotum length, larval biomass and case length showed seven distinct larval instars, contrary to earlier findings from the Breitenbach. In addition to a few trichopteran species from other functional feeding groups, A. fuscipes is the only scraping caddis fly reported to have more than five larval instars. The moult increments of pronotum length and larval biomass were distinctly lower than in glossosomatid species with five larval instars. A. fuscipes is clearly univoltine in the Breitenbach. First-instar larvae were found from July to the beginning of December, and second-instar larvae from July to January. At the beginning of December the population consisted of the instars I to V, and development did not cease during winter. The sixth-instar larvae occurred mostly in January, and the seventh-instar larvae were never present before January. The prepupae and pupae occurred in April. The last pupae were found at the beginning of September, although most of the emergence took place in June and July. At least five different immature stages with different ecological demands were present at any time throughout the year. The ecological advantage having two additional larval instars compared to other glossosomatid species may be to compensate for the high rate of mouthpart wear that occurs while the larvae feed on the rough Bunter Sandstone substratum. A further advantage may be to spread the risk of high mortality under unfavourable environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Modern stable isotopic (δ18O, δ2H, δ13C) variation in terrestrial,fluvial, estuarine and marine waters from north‐central Sarawak,Malaysian Borneo     

Mark Stephens  James Rose 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2005,30(7):901-912

Stable isotope data on humid tropical hydrology are scarce and, at present, no such data exist for Borneo. Delta¹⁸O, δ²H and δ¹³C were analysed on 22 water samples from different parts of the Sungai (river) Niah basin (rain, cave drip, rainforest pool, tributary stream, river, estuary, sea) in north‐central Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. This was done to improve understanding of the modern stable isotope systematics of the Sungai Niah basin, essential for the palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Quaternary stable isotope proxies preserved in the Great Cave of Niah. The Niah hydrology data are put into a regional context using the meteoric water line for Southeast Asia, as derived from International Atomic Energy Agency/World Meteorological Organization isotopes in precipitation network data. Although the Niah hydrological data‐set is relatively small, spatial isotopic variability was found for the different subenvironments of the Sungai Niah basin. A progressive enrichment occurs towards the South China Sea (δ¹⁸O ?4·6‰; δ²H ?29·3‰; δ¹³C ?4·8‰) from the tributary stream (δ¹⁸O ?8·4‰; δ²H ?54·7‰; δ¹³C ?14·5‰) to up‐river (δ¹⁸O c. ?8‰; δ²H c. ?51‰; δ¹³C c. ?12‰) and down‐river values (δ¹⁸O c. ?7·5‰; δ²H c. ?45‰; δ¹³C c. ?11‰). This is thought to reflect differential evaporation and mixing of different components of the water cycle and a combination of depleted biogenic δ¹³C (plant respiration and decay) with enriched δ¹³C values (due to photosynthesis, atmospheric exchange, mixing with limestone and marine waters) downstream. Cave drip waters are relatively enriched in δ¹³C as compared to the surface waters. This may indicate rapid degassing of the cave drips as they enter the cave atmosphere. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献