Tensionless–frictionless interaction of flexible annular foundation with a transversely isotropic multi‐layered half‐space          下载免费PDF全文

Morteza Eskandari‐Ghadi  Ghasem Gorji‐Bandpey  Azizollah Ardeshir‐Behrestaghi  Seyed Masoud Nabizadeh 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(2):155-174

A transversely isotropic multi‐layered half‐space, with axis of material symmetry perpendicular to the free surface, supports a flexible either annular or solid circle foundation. The contact area of the foundation and the half‐space is considered to be both frictionless and tensionless. The foundation is assumed to be affected by a vertical static axisymmetric load. Detailed analysis of the interaction of these two systems with different thickness of layers is the target of this paper. With the use of ring load Green's functions for both the foundation and the continuum half‐space, an integral equation accompanied with some inequalities is introduced to model the complex BVP. With the incorporation of ring‐shape FEM, we are capable of capturing both regular and singular solution smoothly. The validity of the combination of the analytical and numerical method is proved with comparing the results of this paper with a number of benchmark cases of both linear and nonlinear interaction of circular and annular foundation with half‐space. Some new illustrations are presented to portray the aspect of the anisotropy and layering of the half‐space. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Analytical solutions for advective–dispersive solute transport in double‐layered finite porous media     

Peter John Cleall 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2011,35(4):438-460

Analytical solutions for advection and dispersion of a conservative solute in a one‐dimensional double‐layered finite porous media are presented. The solutions are applicable to five scenarios that have various combinations of fixed concentration, fixed flux and zero concentration gradient conditions at the inlet and outlet boundaries that provide a wide number of options. Arbitrary initial solute concentration distributions throughout the media can be considered via explicit formulations or numerical integration. The analytical solutions presented have been verified against numerical solutions from a finite‐element‐based approach and an existing closed‐form solution for double‐layered media with an excellent correlation being found in both cases. A practical application pertaining to advective transport induced by consolidation of underlying sediment layers on contaminant movement within a capped contaminated sediment system is presented. Comparison of the calculated concentrations and fluxes with alternative approaches clearly illustrates the need to consider advection processes. Consideration of the different features of contaminant transport due to varying pore‐water velocity fields in primary consolidation and secondary consolidation stages is achieved via the use of non‐uniform initial concentration distributions within the proposed analytical solutions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

东天山哈密地区早二叠世花岗岩体及镁铁质包体的年代学, 岩石地球化学特征及其构造意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈希节  张奎华  周健 《地质学报》2016,90(9):2334-2354

花岗岩中包体是区域构造与深部过程研究结合的良好窗口,对研究花岗岩的成因和壳-幔相互作用有非常重要的意义。东天山南山口黑云母二长花岗岩中广泛发育镁铁质包体。主量元素组成上,寄主花岗岩岩具有中酸性、准铝质、富碱、富钾等特征;镁铁质包体则偏基性、贫钾。微量和稀土元素组成上,富集Rb、K、Th、U,贫Sr、P、Nb、Ta、Ti,且Zr、Hf含量相对较高,具中-强的铕负异常(0.46~0.57)。镁铁质包体与寄主岩具有相似的微量元素特征,但相对富集Sr、P,贫Zr、Hf,铕负异常中等或不明显(0.80~0.93)。闪长质包体属于同源包体,为寄主花岗岩同源母岩浆经结晶分异形成的早期产物。运用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年技术,该南山口岩体暗色镁铁质微粒包体与寄主黑云母二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为298.2±2.0Ma和294.0±2.7Ma,包体与寄主岩样品具有相似的Hf同位素组成,暗示其母岩浆来自新元古代晚期和早古生代亏损地幔中分离的新生地壳。该高钾钙碱性的花岗岩及其包体可能形成于东天山后碰撞背景下的板片断离后引起软流圈上涌,底侵体带来的热能使得新元古代晚期和早古生代的新生地壳发生部分熔融。  相似文献   

阴山陆块武川石榴基性麻粒岩P-T条件及其变质时代:来自相平衡模拟与锆石U-Pb定年的约束     

刘平华  刘福来  蔡佳  杨红  王舫  刘超辉  刘建辉  施建荣 《岩石学报》2016,32(7):1949-1979

武川高级片麻岩地体中石榴基性麻粒岩的变质用与同位素年代学研究对于揭示阴山陆块新太古代构造演化过程具有十分重要的研究意义。它们主要以不规则透镜体或变形岩墙/岩脉群的形式赋存于新太古代晚期英云闪长质片麻岩或变质表壳岩系之中,并切割近南-北向的区域性片麻理。岩相学观察、矿物相转变分析与矿物化学研究表明,武川石榴基性麻粒岩保留了十分典型的高压麻粒岩相矿物:石榴石+单斜辉石+斜长石+角闪石+石英+铁-钛氧化物。其中,粗粒石榴石边部常发育微弱的扩散环带,表现为从幔部至边部,镁铝榴石组分不断减少,相应地铁铝榴石组分不断增加,而钙铝榴石与锰铝榴石组分基本不变,指示晚期冷却降温作用对石榴石成分产生一定影响。斜长石具有细粒包体型与粗粒基质型两种不同的类型,它们具有十分相似化学成分,均为An=35~45的中长石。在NCFMASHTO(Na_2O-CaO-FeO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2-H_2O-TiO_2-Fe_2O_3)体系下,利用THERM OCA LC 3.33软件,对两件石榴基性麻粒岩样品进行了相平衡模拟,模拟的峰期矿物组合为:石榴石+单斜辉石+斜长石+角闪石+石英+铁-钛氧化物,与岩相学观察十分一致。采用石榴石中最小x(g)Fe~(2 +)/(Fe~(2 +)+Mg))与斜长石是中最小ca(pl)(Ca/(Ca+Na))等值线,将本区石榴基性麻粒岩峰期高压麻粒岩相的温压条件限定在P=1.31~1.40GPa,T=770~840℃的范围内。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,两件石榴基性麻粒岩麻粒岩中发育的变质锆石分别记录了2517±6Ma(BT58-1,MSWD=0.66,n=21)与2512±16Ma(LH66-1,MSWD=0.26,n=42)的加权平均年龄,与阴山陆块其它新太古代岩石记录的约2500Ma变质年龄一致,被解释为本区石榴基性麻粒岩遭受高压麻粒岩相变质时代。结合本区其它新的研究资料,本文认为武川石榴基性麻粒岩形成可能与区内新太古代晚期造山作用有关。  相似文献   

东昆仑东段巴隆地区朝火鹿陶勒盖花岗闪长岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学及其地质意义     

陈功  裴先治  李佐臣  李瑞保  陈有炘  刘成军  陈国超  王旭斌  桑继镇  杨森  邓文兵 《地质通报》2016,35(12):1990-2005

东昆仑造山带晚古生代—早中生代由于布青山-阿尼玛卿洋的俯冲发育有大量岛弧型花岗岩类。选取东昆北巴隆地区朝火鹿陶勒盖花岗闪长岩体寄主岩和闪长质暗色微粒包体进行了岩相学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学研究。结果表明,岩体寄主岩的结晶年龄为242.3±1.3Ma,暗色微粒包体结晶年龄为241.2±0.8Ma,显示其形成于中三叠世;寄主岩和暗色微粒包体A/CNK值介于0.86~1.06之间,为准铝质-弱过铝质;稀土元素总量分别为119×10~(-6)~170×10~(-6)、189×10~(-6),稀土元素配分模式显示右倾型,具有负Eu异常;岩石富集Rb、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,具有弧岩浆岩特征。野外及岩相学特征均显示包体为基性岩浆进入酸性岩浆快速冷凝形成的,为俯冲板片断离导致幔源岩浆上侵形成的岩浆混合作用的产物,是布青山-阿尼玛卿洋俯冲晚期的岩浆记录。  相似文献   

Fluorine and chlorine in apatites,micas, and amphiboles of layered trap intrusions of the Siberian Platform     

V.V. Ryabov  O.N. Simonov  S.G. Snisar 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(4):363-373

Geochemistry of chlorine and fluorine in apatites, micas, and amphiboles in rocks from eight intrusive complexes of the Siberian Platform has been first studied on the basis of new factual and analytical data (more than 1000 analyses). The main attention is focused on minerals from layered intrusions. Most apatites show F > Cl; the maximum contents of halogens are specific to chlorapatite (6.97 wt.% Cl) and fluorapatite (6.04 wt.% F). The total f value (f = Fe/(Fe + Mg), at.%) of femic minerals varies from 2 to 98 at.% in micas and from 22 to 95 at.% in amphiboles. The Cl-f and F-f trends show an increase in the Cl content and a decrease in the F content in the minerals with increasing f. Chlorine clearly exhibits ferrophilic properties, and fluorine has magnesiophilic properties. The halogen-richest minerals are fluorophlogopite (F = 7.06 wt.%, f = 7 at.%), chlorannite (Cl = 6.30 wt.%, f = 89 at.%), and chloroferrihastingsite (Cl = 5.22 wt.%, f = 90 at.%). Coexisting micas and amphiboles in the rocks are close in f value, but the micas are richer in Cl than the amphiboles. We assume that the halogen-containing minerals crystallized at the high pressure of halogen-hydrocarbon fluids at the levels of the MW, IW, and QIF buffers. The reducing conditions of the magmatism process are also evidenced by the presence of graphite and native metals in the rocks. The similarity of the Cl-f and F-f trends of micas and amphiboles from different intrusive complexes indicates the same mechanisms of the melt differentiation and mineral crystallization.  相似文献   

大陆碰撞造山带榴辉岩相的熔体活动:来自南阿尔金基性麻粒岩中长英质脉体的证据     

郭晶  李云帅  张建新 《地质学报》2021,95(3):723-736

本文通过对南阿尔金巴什瓦克基性麻粒岩中长英质脉体的岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、Lu-Hf同位素及全岩主微量地球化学的综合研究,首次限定了该区基性麻粒岩中长英质脉体的形成时代为491±2 Ma (MSWD=0.91),此年龄与寄主麻粒岩高压—超高温阶段(榴辉岩相)的变质时代在误差范围内近一致,表明长英质脉体形成于榴辉岩相的变质阶段。由于长英质脉体中锆石明显不同于寄主基性麻粒岩中变质锆石的形态特征,基本排除了长英质脉体中的锆石为捕获锆石的可能性。此外,该长英质脉体中的锆石具有少量的长石、石英包裹体和较低的Th/U比值(0.05-0.41),锆石稀土元素配分模式图显示其具有重稀土富集和Eu负异常的特征,这些证据表明长英质脉体中的锆石可能结晶于变质熔体之中。长英质脉体的全岩地球化学特征显示其该脉体具有相对较低的K2O值,基本上排除了其来源于围岩长英质麻粒岩的可能,而且这些锆石的Hf同位素特征与寄主岩石的锆石Hf同位素特征具有相似性,表明形成长英质脉体的熔体为内部来源。结合全岩地球化学特征,推测其可能为基性麻粒岩发生部分熔融所致。  相似文献   

塔北隆起X型走滑断裂成因机制的新解释     

黄少英  宋兴国  罗彩明  能源  马小丹  漆家福  陈石 《现代地质》2021,35(6):1797-1808

塔里木盆地塔北隆起发育两组呈小角度相交(40°)的透入性X型走滑断裂,分别沿着NNE走向和NNW延伸。在对塔北哈拉哈塘地区三维地震资料解释的基础上,对走滑断层的几何展布特征以及断层的剖面变形特征进行研究;同时重点解析了RP6断裂和HA13断裂,分析比较NNW向与NNE向断层的变形及发育特征差异;结合盆地重磁资料以及周缘造山带的活动特征,对塔北隆起小角度的X型走滑断层的发育机制以及演化进行了分析。研究表明,塔北隆起走滑断层在垂向上具有明显的分层变形特征,分为三个构造层:震旦系-中寒武统下构造层(TH₃界面以下)、上寒武统-中奥陶统中构造层(TH₃-TO₃t界面)和上奥陶统-石炭系上构造层(TO₃t-TP界面)。断层在下构造层和中构造层中整体处于压扭环境,多发育正花状构造;上构造层中断层主要发育负花状构造或正断层,整体处于张扭环境。两组断裂比较,NNW向断裂活动性强,在各构造层中均有显著的断裂特征发育,垂向连通性强,发育先存基底断裂,而NE向断层主要发育在中构造层,在下构造层和上构造层中断层发育不明显。活动性分析表明,断层的形成与演化具有多期性,走滑断层的形成经历了三期主要活动:中寒武世末、中晚奥陶世和志留纪-石炭纪。塔北隆起X型走滑断裂的形成受到了NNW向基底断裂和薄弱带的控制,NNW向先存基底断裂带或薄弱带优先发育走滑断裂,基底断裂与主挤压应力方向的夹角小于45°-Φ/2,NNE断层的发育受NNW向先存断裂限制,最终形成小角度相交的X型断裂。  相似文献   

Vanadium in magnetite gabbros and its behaviour during lateritic weathering,Windimurra Complex,Western Australia     

M. M. Habteselassie  C. I. Mathison  R. J. Gilkes 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):555-566

Shephards Discordant Zone is a 500–600 m thick interlayered sequence of deformed, altered and metamorphosed magnetite metagabbro and about 50 layers or lenses of magnetitite (> 80–90% magnetite). The sequence shows progressive magmatic fractionation upwards: Ti and Ti/Fe increase, and V, V/Ti and Cr decrease upwards in magnetite and in whole‐rock compositions. The main magnetite‐rich sequence (about 400 m thick) is deeply weathered, with 40 m of saprolite showing vertical zonation of weathering minerals due to progressive weathering. Magnetitites (average 1% V₂O₃) are resistant to weathering and show little chemical change, but magnetite gabbros (average 0.27% V₂O₃) are extensively weathered and show progressive loss of Ca, Na, Mg and S. Plagioclase, magnetite (1.37% V₂O₃), chlorite (up to 0.35% V₂O₃), actinolite, epidote and minor sulfides in unweathered rocks weather to kaolinite, hematite, goethite and minor vermiculite, ilmenite remaining largely unaffected. Vanadium is essentially immobile during weathering and is unaffected during weathering of magnetitites (1% V₂O₃), but is slightly depleted during weathering of magnetite gabbros (0.23% V₂O₃).  相似文献   

Analytical and computational procedure for solving the consolidation problem of layered soils     

S. Sadiku 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(16):2789-2800

One‐dimensional consolidation analysis of layered soils conventionally entails solving a system of differential equations subject to the flow conditions at the bounding upper and lower surfaces, as well as the continuity conditions at the interface of every pair of contiguous layers. Formidable computational efforts are required to solve the ensuing transcendental equations expressing the matching conditions at the interfaces, using this method. In this paper, the jump discontinuities in the flow parameters upon crossing from one layer to the other have been systematically built into a single partial differential equation governing the space–time variation of the excess pore pressure in the entire composite medium, by the use of the Heaviside distribution. Despite the presence of the discontinuities in the coefficients of the differential equation, a closed‐form solution in the sense of an infinite generalized Fourier series is obtained, in addition to which is the development of a Green's function for the differential problem. The eigenfunctions of the composite medium are the coordinate functions of the series, obtained computationally through the application of the extended equations of Galerkin. The analysis has been illustrated by solving the consolidation problem of a four‐layer composite, and the results obtained agree very well with the results obtained by previous researchers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献