柴达木盆地西部新近纪岩相古地理研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李颖莉  冯乔  姜文娟  赵伟  王千遥  周书昌 《沉积与特提斯地质》2012,32(2):31-36

通过对研究区新近系露头及钻井剖面的岩性、结构构造、古生物的综合分析,将柴西地区新近系沉积相划分为5种相和亚相：扇三角洲、河流-泛滥平原、滨湖、浅湖、半深湖。沉积相的空间展布大体以茫崖和大风山为沉积中心,到盆地边缘依次发育半深湖相、浅湖相、滨湖相,并呈环带状分布。扇三角洲相和河流泛滥平原相发育于昆仑山和阿尔金山前。古地形为西高东低,南高北低,物源来自阿尔金山和昆仑山,气候炎热干旱。下油砂山组为较好的烃源岩,储层主要为孔隙性碎屑岩储层和裂缝性非常规储层两种。  相似文献   

南川铝土矿沉积相特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

陈阳  尹福光  李军敏  李再会  贾德龙  廖朝贵 《沉积与特提斯地质》2012,32(1):106-112

通过野外观察,在南川地区铝土矿含矿岩系中识别出一层底砾岩和一层分流河道沉积,结合岩性特征和B、Sr、Ba、Ga、Rb、MnO、TiO2等的地球化学特征,对南川地区铝土矿含矿岩系的沉积相进行了划分。认为南川地区铝土矿形成于中二叠世海侵过程中的陆缘近海湖环境,为沉积型铝土矿床。．  相似文献   

碎屑岩成像测井沉积学研究及其在海上油田的应用     

杨玉卿  崔维平  田洪 《海相油气地质》2012,(3):40-46

基于成像测井技术在我国海域含油气盆地的应用积累,提出了碎屑岩成像测井沉积学的概念。碎屑岩成像测井沉积学的主要研究内容包括地层岩性识别、沉积构造解释、沉积序列与微相分析、砂体物源与古流向分析、砂体分布预测等五个方面。利用南海西部的实际资料,运用成像测井技术,对五方面的应用逐一分析或提出了应用前提、使用步骤、注意要点、已有规律特征以及典型实例。  相似文献   

青海省柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系含煤地层测井相分析研究     

潘语录  田贵发  徐宁  赵平 《中国煤炭地质》2012,(3):66-70

在柴达木盆地北缘含煤区的地质勘查中,依据测井单参数曲线与多参数组合曲线特征,结合传统地质学,建立了与勘探区地质沉积相对应的测井相。其中鱼卡二井选择了详查阶段的7个钻孔测井资料,依据各岩性段的岩石组合、层序、沉积相变化等规律,将其含煤地层大煤沟组分为4个测井相;同样在红柳泉项目,将整个含煤岩段从下到上划分为8个测井相。通过以岩石标志层和煤岩层为骨架进行的全井田测井相分析,为该区建立了一套直观、连续、可比性强的煤岩层对比和聚煤环境分析的有效方法。  相似文献   

西伯利亚西部白垩纪孢粉的参照序列:演化阶段,相和对比     

Natalia K.LEBEDEVA  Ekaterina B.PESTCHEVITSKAYA 《地层学杂志》2012,(2):193-212

研究西伯利亚西部白垩纪沉积层的孢粉可以建立孢粉组合的参照序列。本文运用采自海相剖面的材料与菊石化石带进行对比,建立了下白垩统和上白垩统一些层位中的孢粉化石带。这些新确立的孢粉组合层序反映了白垩纪孢粉植物群的演化阶段。由于生物相和古地理特征的变化,孢粉组合在横向上变化较大,很难依据孢粉资料进行地区间的精确对比。然而,有些孢粉组合演化发展的总体趋势能用于对比、定义部分地层层位。  相似文献   

藏南日喀则弧前盆地帕达那组沉积相分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

安慰  胡修棉  王建刚 《沉积学报》2012,30(4):619-628

藏南桑桑地区帕达那组是上白垩统日喀则弧前盆地浅水沉积。基于野外实测剖面对帕达那组进行了详细的沉积相研究。帕达那组岩相类型主要有五类:砾岩相、砂岩相、粉砂岩相、页岩相和灰岩相。砂岩中发育大量楔状和板状交错层理、平行层理、粒序层理及泥砾、潜穴、生物扰动等沉积构造,页岩中发育潜穴及大量钙质结核。根据岩相和沉积构造特征识别出陆棚相和三角洲相。三角洲相包括前三角洲、三角洲前缘及三角洲平原三个亚相,可进一步划分为水下分支河道、河口砂坝、支流间湾、分流河道、洪泛平原、沼泽等微相。帕达那组地层自下向上发育陆棚相和三角洲相（依次为前三角洲、三角洲前缘及三角洲平原亚相）,整体显示出古水深变浅的趋势。这一沉积环境的变化代表着日喀则弧前盆地由欠充填到过充填阶段的演化。  相似文献   

白云凹陷珠江组深水扇成岩作用与成岩相分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王欣欣  郑荣才  杨宝泉  胡晓庆  李云 《沉积学报》2012,30(3):451-460

根据铸体薄片、扫描电镜、镜质体反射率等分析资料,对珠江口盆地白云凹陷荔湾地区珠江组深水扇砂岩储层成岩作用及成岩相进行了系统研究。确定对储层起破坏作用的成岩作用主要有压实、胶结和自生矿物充填作用,起建设性成岩作用的主要有溶蚀作用。综合成岩方式的组合类型和演化序列,认为深水扇砂岩储层成岩演化主体仅进入中成岩阶段A-B期。在建立成岩演化模式的基础上,对成岩相组合特征进行了分析,划分出胶结-弱压实-弱溶蚀相、弱压实-弱胶结-强溶蚀相和中等压实-弱胶结-中等溶蚀相等3种主要成岩相类型,其中以弱压实-弱胶结-强溶蚀相砂体的物性为最好。  相似文献   

论华北克拉通南缘霍邱群变质作用、形成时代及霍邱BIF铁矿成矿机制   总被引：11，自引：9，他引：2  

杨晓勇  王波华  杜贞保  王启才  王玉贤  涂政标  张文利  孙卫东 《岩石学报》2012,28(11):3476-3496

安徽霍邱铁矿位于华北克拉通南缘,是一个大型BIF铁矿田,矿体均赋存于一套新太古代中高级变质作用的含铁建造中,自下而上可分为A+B矿带和D矿带:前者为变粒岩-片岩-磁铁石英岩建造;后者为片岩-大理岩-赤铁(镜)铁石英岩建造.本文利用现有的矿床勘查、物化探和地质科研资料,对该矿田的地质背景、矿体赋存条件、构造型式进行深入剖析,推断矿区周边及深部构造格局与控矿因素,研究分析霍邱铁矿含铁岩系特征,进行含矿层位的准确划分、厘定和对比,深入研究含铁岩系的平面分布范围和延深,对矿田控矿构造进行综合分析.运用LA-ICP-MS技术获得霍邱群斜长角闪岩最老年龄为2.8Ga左右,代表原岩形成年代.同时获得晚期混合花岗岩的侵入年龄为1.8Ga左右.通过Hf同位素测定,获得各变质岩系锆石的Hf同位素组成,表明最老的锆石Hf模式年龄可达3.5Ca前后.根据区域年代学资料和霍邱铁矿含铁岩系特征,本文正式提出“霍颍运动”这一概念,作为皖西北新太古代2.7Ga前后在霍邱-颍上-寿县-蒙城一带发生的构造事件和成矿作用,以区别于以往沿用蚌埠运动描述本区霍邱群变质作用和成矿事件的提法.最后结合本区含铁建造特征,初步判定霍邱铁矿为一种介于阿尔戈玛和苏必利尔型之间的过渡类型铁建造.  相似文献   

A Carboniferous high-pressure klippe in the western Acatlán Complex of southern México: implications for the tectonothermal development and palaeogeography of Pangea     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(7):779-798

High-pressure (HP) rocks are critical for palinspastic restorations because they mark inferred subducted/extruded oceanic crust; knowledge of their geometric, geodynamic, and age relationships provide essential constraints on palaeogeographic reconstructions. The westernmost HP belt (Ixcamilpa) in the Acatlán Complex of southern Mexico has been inferred to be a mid-Late Ordovician backarc basin on the southern Iapetan margin that was subducted beneath eastern Laurentia and extruded up the subduction zone during the Early Silurian. Re-examination of Ixcamilpa HP rocks has revealed that they comprise lower Palaeozoic rift-passive margin protoliths and occur in a W-vergent klippe (not a suture) formed during polyphase deformation. Peak metamorphic mineral assemblages of blueschist-amphibole eclogite facies underwent retrogression through epidote amphibolite to greenschist facies. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of various rocks yielded plateau ages of 344–339 Ma for calcic amphibole, 318 ± 4 Ma for glaucophane, and 329–325 ± 2 Ma for muscovite (excess argon), which clearly indicate a Carboniferous tectonothermal event. We interpret the 20 million years range in amphibole ages as reflecting progressive unroofing. The terminal stage of progressive thrusting placed the HP rocks above the middle Mississippian Zumpango Unit, during which a single penetrative sub-greenschist fabric was produced. Subsequent Permian or Laramide deformation refolded all the rocks about NE-trending upright folds. We postulate that the root zone of the HP nappe lies to the east in the median HP belt, which has a structure consistent with an extrusion zone. Inasmuch as similar units of the Acatlán Complex bound this HP root zone on either side, it is inferred to have been extruded into the upper plate above the subduction zone, and thus is not an oceanic suture. Our new data provide constraints for a Carboniferous palaeogeographic reconstruction, whereby subduction erosion of passive margin rocks took place along the western margin of Pangea and were subsequently extruded into the upper (Acatlán) plate.  相似文献   

A sedimentary facies model for stepped,fluvial tufa systems in the Iberian Range (Spain): the Quaternary Piedra and Mesa valleys   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MARTA VÁZQUEZ‐URBEZ  CONCHA ARENAS  GONZALO PARDO 《Sedimentology》2012,59(2):502-526

Stratigraphic and sedimentological analyses of the Quaternary tufa and associated deposits in the Piedra and Mesa river valleys allowed a number of stages of their sedimentary evolution to be characterized, and a depositional sedimentary model for this north‐central sector of the Iberian Range (Spain) to be established. The proposed sedimentary facies model may explain tufa arrangements in other medium to high gradient, stepped, fluvial tufa systems with narrow transverse profiles occurring in temperate, semi‐arid areas, in both recent and past scenarios. There are several tufa deposits within the Piedra and Mesa river valleys that, over a maximum thickness of about 90 m, record one or more stages of tufa deposition produced following the fluvial incision of the bedrock or previous tufa deposits. Each depositional stage begins with coarse detrital sedimentation. Six fundamental, vertical sequences of tufa facies with small amounts of detrital material reveal the sedimentary processes that occurred in different fluvial environments: channel areas with: (i) free‐flowing water; (ii) barrages and/or cascades; and (iii) dammed water and palustrine floodplains. The proposed sedimentary model involves narrow, stepped, fluvial valleys in which tufa cascades were common. Alternating intervals of bryophyte and stromatolite facies commonly formed at some cascades. Many of these represented barrage‐cascade structures that consisted of phytoclast rudstones, thick phytoherms of mosses and associated stromatolites, and curtain‐shaped phytoherms of stems. Upstream of these structures, dammed areas with bioclastic sands and silts developed and palustrine vegetation grew. The channel stretches between barrages and/or cascades were loci for extensive stromatolite growth in fast flowing water. The palustrine floodplain was home to pools and drainage channels. The model also explains the growth of some barrages in the River Piedra that surpassed the height of the divide, with the diffluence of the main channel into a secondary course forming other tufa deposits in the area. The distribution and abundance of certain types of tufa facies in fluvial basins may be an indicator of differences in their gradients. The facies studied in this work suggest that the gradient of the ancient River Piedra was steeper than that of the ancient River Mesa. Assuming similar scenarios for climate and hydrology, the depositional settings mentioned above and their dimensions would have been determined mainly by the gradient and width of the associated river valleys. This sedimentary model may also be useful for inferring variations in other river basin slopes, as well as accounting for the presence of tufas in areas that normally have no permanent water input.  相似文献