Quantifying flows along hydrological pathways by applying a new filtering algorithm in conjunction with master recession curve analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Ronan J. O'Brien  Bruce D. Misstear  Laurence W. Gill  Paul M. Johnston  Raymond Flynn 《水文研究》2014,28(26):6211-6221

Quantifying the proportion of the river hydrograph derived from the different hydrological pathways is essential for understanding the behaviour of a catchment. This paper describes a new approach using the output from master recession curve analysis to inform a new algorithm based on the Lyne and Hollick ‘one‐parameter’ signal analysis filtering algorithm. This approach was applied to six catchments (including two subcatchments of these) in Ireland. The conceptual model for each catchment consists of four main flow pathways: overland flow, interflow, shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. The results were compared with those of the master recession curve analysis, a recharge coefficient approach developed in Ireland and the semi‐distributed, lumped and deterministic hydrological model Nedbør‐Afstrømings‐Model. The new algorithm removes the ‘free variable’ aspect that is typically associated with filtering algorithms and provides a means of estimating the contribution of each pathway that is consistent with the results of hydrograph separation in catchments that are dominated by quick response pathways. These types of catchments are underlain by poorly productive aquifers that are not capable of providing large baseflows in the river. Such aquifers underlie over 73% of Ireland, ensuring that this new algorithm is applicable in the majority of catchments in Ireland and potentially in those catchments internationally that are strongly influenced by the quick‐responding hydrological pathways. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

顾及水陆差异的高分五号影像条带去除     

皮原征  储栋  管小彬  沈焕锋 《遥感学报》2020,24(4):360-367

高分五号搭载的可见光短波红外高光谱相机,能获取精细的地物光谱信息,具有十分广泛的应用前景。但高光谱卫星遥感数据往往无法避免条带噪声的干扰,进行条带去除是数据预处理中不可缺少的步骤。传统方法往往对地物的异质性与丰富的细节纹理考虑不足,导致条带不能被彻底地消除。为此,本文提出了一种顾及水陆差异的影像条带去除方法,采用水体与陆地区别统计的策略,解决条带噪声在异质区域的统计特征差异问题,并结合优化统计和一维变分滤波技术实现水陆区域参考统计特征的精确估计,最终基于矩匹配方法分别实现条带去除。实验结果表明:无论是真实实验还是模拟实验,本文提出的算法相较于传统条带去除算法,能更加稳健地去除数据条带噪声,还原地表真实辐射信息;在模拟实验中,本文算法处理结果的峰值信噪比(PSNR)达到46.58,且平均绝对误差(MAE)仅有11.56,均明显优于用于比较的3种传统算法,且算法执行效率也具备优势,能够更好地适用于高分五号大数据量的处理需求。  相似文献   

PPP/SINS紧耦合系统仿真的研究与分析     

杨伟彬  高龑  王云鹏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(8):113-116

在捷联惯导(SINS)和GPS卫星接收机进行紧耦合的研究中,采用差分定位进行紧耦合的方法比较成熟,而关于精密单点定位(PPP)与捷联惯导紧耦合的研究还比较少。本文对精密单点定位与捷联惯导紧组合系统进行了Matlab仿真,利用数学解析的方法产生机载运动轨迹,通过设置系统的参数,获得仿真SINS和GPS数据;然后,通过PPP/SINS紧组合系统的仿真程序解算,将定位结果与PPP的结果比较,表明PPP/SINS紧组合导航定位的结果比PPP的精度和可靠性好,而且收敛的速度更快,同时也验证了算法的正确性。最后,分析了不同等级惯导对定位精度的影响。  相似文献   

Heterogeneous surface displacement pattern at the Hatchobaru geothermal field inferred from SAR interferometry time-series     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2016

We estimated surface displacements using persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PS-InSAR) around the Hatchobaru geothermal field, Japan, from 18 ALOS/PALSAR images acquired from July 2007 to December 2010. Generally, geothermal fields, covered with natural targets such as rocky terrain and vegetation, have been one of the difficult targets for PS-InSAR analysis. However, we applied space adaptive filtering to increase the number of pixels for measuring surface displacement. The results of our analysis demonstrate ground subsidence with decaying velocity over the observation period around the geothermal field. The spatial pattern of ground subsidence includes sharp boundaries of subsidence that can be interpreted as fault traces. We demonstrated the usefulness of PS-InSAR analysis with the space adaptive filtering to estimate surface displacements with high spatial resolution and high spatial density around a geothermal field.  相似文献   

融合点、对象、关键点等3种基元的点云滤波方法     

林祥国  张继贤  宁晓刚  段敏燕  臧艺 《测绘学报》2016,45(11):1308-1317

基元是影响点云滤波精度和效率的关键因素之一。本文提出了一种基于多基元的三角网渐进加密(MPTPD)滤波方法。它包括点云分割、对象关键点提取、基于关键点的对象类别判别3个主要阶段,且3个阶段的基元分别为点、对象、关键点。使用了4景机载激光雷达和摄影测量点云数据对MPTPD、三角网渐进加密(TPD)、基于对象的三角网渐进加密(OTPD)3种滤波方法进行了性能测试。试验表明,MPTPD方法具有整体上最优的性能:在精度方面,MPTPD与OTPD两种方法的精度相当,MPTPD方法的一类误差I、总误差T比TPD的相应误差分别低约22.07%和8.44%;在效率方面,多数情况下TPD、MPTPD、OTPD方法的效率依次降低,且MPTPD的平均耗时是OTPD平均耗时的57.93%。  相似文献   

K-GM（1，1）模型在岩体变形监测中的应用     

马符讯  席瑞杰  徐南 《测绘工程》2016,(8):42-44

传统GM （1,1）模型存在着长期预测效果差、模型精度不高等问题,卡尔曼滤波能够排除建模过程中随机干扰因素,滤波值能够反映更真实的数据情况。为了能更好地提高变形监测的预测精度,基于传统GM （1,1）模型和卡尔曼滤波,提出K‐GM （1,1）模型,利用该模型对岩体变形监测数据进行建模预测,并与传统GM （1,1）模型预测结果进行对比分析,结果表明,K‐GM （1,1）模型具有较高的预测精度,可作为变形监测的一种新方法。  相似文献   

基于点云空洞修复和TPS模型的数学形态学机载LIDAR滤波     

胡永杰  姚晓伟  胡倩伟  韩凤纳 《测绘工程》2016,25(7):28-32

在分析现有滤波算法的基础上,结合数据驱动和模型驱动式算子各自的优点,提出基于点云空洞修复和TPS变形模型的数学形态学机载LIDAR点云滤波,该方法首先提取和修复由水域造成的大面积点云空洞,采用多尺度形态学开算子作用于修复的数据,得到近似裸露地表面;然后利用2D空间的TPS变形模型,以近似地表面为基础,插值原始点云,根据插值与原始点云高程的差值大小去识别地面点和非地面点。通过定量分析,验证该方法不仅有较高的滤波精度,而且也能较好的保留裸露地表的细节特征,同时该方法有助于辅助人工处理,提高数据处理的质量。  相似文献   

赵各庄矿地下水位时间序列数字滤波分析          下载免费PDF全文

殷传印  朱斌  司雯雯 《山东国土资源》2016,32(2)

为了更好地了解煤矿地下水位的变化趋势,结合工程实例,运用递归和非递归2种滤波技术进行分析,通过对比2种滤波技术的滤波效果,可以得到地下水位的变化规律和成因机理。结果表明:滤波系数的调校对滤波效果的影响至关重要。根据平滑度指标、均方根误差和信噪比对现有观测数据进行计算的结果可知,当b=0.5时递归滤波效果相对较好,当q=5时非递归滤波效果相对较好。滤波结果可以作为预测未来该地区地下水位变化趋势的依据,也可以为安全生产提供参考。  相似文献   

A location-aware GIServices quality prediction model via collaborative filtering     

Qingxi Peng  Na Dong 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(9):897-912

The quality of GIServices (QoGIS) is an important consideration for services sharing and interoperation. However, QoGIS is a complex concept and difficult to be evaluated reasonably. Most of the current studies have focused on static and non-scalable evaluation methods but have ignored location sensitivity subsequently resulting in the inaccurate QoGIS values. For intensive geodata and computation, GIServices are more sensitive to the location factor than general services. This paper proposes a location-aware GIServices quality prediction model via collaborative filtering (LAGCF). The model uses a mixed CF method based on time zone feature from the perspectives of both user and GIServices. Time zone is taken as the location factor and mapped into the prediction process. A time zone-adjusted Pearson correlation coefficient algorithm was designed to measure the similarity between the GIServices and the target, helping to identify highly similar GIServices. By adopting a coefficient of confidence in the final generation phase, the value of the QoGIS most similar to the target services will play a dominant role in the comprehensive result. Two series of experiments on large-scale QoGIS data were implemented to verify the effectivity of LAGCF. The results showed that LAGCF can improve the accuracy of QoGIS prediction significantly.  相似文献   

Novel fusion approach on automatic object extraction from spatial data: case study Worldview-2 and TOPO5000     

U. G. Sefercik  S. Karakis  C. Atalay  I. Yigit  U. Gokmen 《国际地球制图》2018,33(10):1139-1154

The automatic extraction of information content from remotely sensed data is always challenging. We suggest a novel fusion approach to improve the extraction of this information from mono-satellite images. A Worldview-2 (WV-2) pan-sharpened image and a 1/5000-scaled topographic vector map (TOPO5000) were used as the sample data. Firstly, the buildings and roads were manually extracted from WV-2 to point out the maximum extractable information content. Subsequently, object-based automatic extractions were performed. After achieving two-dimensional results, a normalized digital surface model (nDSM) was generated from the underlying digital aerial photos of TOPO5000, and the automatic extraction was repeated by fusion with the nDSM to include individual object heights as an additional band for classification. The contribution was tested by precision, completeness and overall quality. Novel fusion technique increased the success of automatic extraction by 7% for the number of buildings and by 23% for the length of roads.  相似文献