Geomorphological markers of faulting and neotectonic activity along the western Andean margin,northern Chile     

Laurence Audin  Grard Herail  Rodrigo Riquelme  Jos Darrozes  Joseph Martinod  Eric Font 《第四纪科学杂志》2003,18(8):681-694

In the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, some ephemeral channels are developed in the Plio‐Quaternary alluvial sequence that caps the Neogene Atacama Gravels Formation. Geomorphological studies and high‐resolution digital elevation data (GPS) along a structural transect in the Central Depression are used to document modern growth history of subtle folding and faulting in the fore‐arc region. Outcrop data of the most recent deposits are combined with observations of warped and faulted late Quaternary pediments, alluvial fans and terrace surfaces to propose unsuspected neotectonic processes on the western flank of the Domeyko Cordillera. Neotectonic process recognition is here based largely upon the interpretation of alluvial landforms, drainage organisation and evolution as the intermittent river network shows systematic patterns of course deflections, successive incisions or deposition processes as it encounters the fault scarps or folds in the superficial deposits. This area presents both N–S‐trending active vertical faults in the topographically higher pampas, and N–S‐trending active folding in the lower pampas. These faults seem to accommodate E–W extension and compression that could be related to uplift of the western Andean margin within a compressive context. Uplift may have taken place unevenly over the past few million years after the deposition of the superficial alluvial surfaces that cap the Neogene Atacama Gravels. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

TOPO-EUROPE: The geoscience of coupled deep Earth-surface processes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S.A.P.L. Cloetingh  P.A. Ziegler  P.J.F. Bogaard  P.A.M. Andriessen  I.M. Artemieva  G. Bada  R.T. van Balen  F. Beekman  Z. Ben-Avraham  J.-P. Brun  H.P. Bunge  E.B. Burov  R. Carbonell  C. Facenna  A. Friedrich  J. Gallart  A.G. Green  O. Heidbach  A.G. Jones  L. Matenco  J. Mosar  O. Oncken  C. Pascal  G. Peters  S. Sliaupa  A. Soesoo  W. Spakman  R.A. Stephenson  H. Thybo  T. Torsvik  G. de Vicente  F. Wenzel  M.J.R. Wortel  TOPO-EUROPE Working Group 《Global and Planetary Change》2007,58(1-4):1

TOPO-EUROPE addresses the 4-D topographic evolution of the orogens and intra-plate regions of Europe through a multidisciplinary approach linking geology, geophysics, geodesy and geotechnology. TOPO-EUROPE integrates monitoring, imaging, reconstruction and modelling of the interplay between processes controlling continental topography and related natural hazards. Until now, research on neotectonics and related topography development of orogens and intra-plate regions has received little attention. TOPO-EUROPE initiates a number of novel studies on the quantification of rates of vertical motions, related tectonically controlled river evolution and land subsidence in carefully selected natural laboratories in Europe. From orogen through platform to continental margin, these natural laboratories include the Alps/Carpathians–Pannonian Basin System, the West and Central European Platform, the Apennines–Aegean–Anatolian region, the Iberian Peninsula, the Scandinavian Continental Margin, the East-European Platform, and the Caucasus–Levant area. TOPO-EUROPE integrates European research facilities and know-how essential to advance the understanding of the role of topography in Environmental Earth System Dynamics. The principal objective of the network is twofold. Namely, to integrate national research programs into a common European network and, furthermore, to integrate activities among TOPO-EUROPE institutes and participants. Key objectives are to provide an interdisciplinary forum to share knowledge and information in the field of the neotectonic and topographic evolution of Europe, to promote and encourage multidisciplinary research on a truly European scale, to increase mobility of scientists and to train young scientists. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of continental topography research, and of the challenges to TOPO-EUROPE researchers in the targeted natural laboratories.  相似文献   

Present-day stress field and tectonic inversion in the Pannonian basin   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Gbor Bada  Frank Horvth  Pter Dvnyi  Pter Szafin  Gbor Windhoffer  Sierd Cloetingh 《Global and Planetary Change》2007,58(1-4):165

This paper presents a latest compilation of data on the present-day stress pattern in the Pannonian basin, and its tectonic environment, the Alpine–Dinaric orogens. Extensional formation of the basin system commenced in the early Miocene, whereas its structural reactivation, in the form of gradual basin inversion, has been taking place since Pliocene to recent times. Reconstructed compression and associated horizontal contraction are mainly governed by the convergence between Adria and its buffer, the Alpine belt of orogens. The resulting contemporaneous stress field exhibits important lateral variation resulting in a complex pattern of ongoing tectonic activity. In the Friuli zone of the Southern Alps, where thrust faulting prevails, compression is orthogonal to the strike of the mountain belt. More to the southeast, intense contraction is combined with active strike–slip faulting constituting the dextral Dinaric transpressional corridor. Stresses are transferred far from Adria into the Pannonian basin, and the dominant style of deformation gradually changes from pure contraction through transpression to strike–slip faulting. The importance of late-stage inversion in the Pannonian basin is interpreted in a more general context of structural reactivation of back-arc basins where the sources of compression driving basin inversion are also identified and discussed. The state of recent stress and deformation in the Pannonian basin, particularly in its western and southern part, is governed by the complex interaction of plate boundary and intra-plate forces. The counterclockwise rotation and north-northeast-directed indentation of the Adriatic microplate appears to be of key importance as the dominant source of compression (“Adria-push”). Intra-plate stress sources, such as buoyancy forces associated with an elevated topography, and crustal as well as lithospheric inhomogeneities can also play essential, yet rather local role.  相似文献   

Hammer-Impact SH-Wave Seismic Reflection Methods in Neotectonic Investigations: General Observations and Case Histories from the Mississippi Embayment, U.S.A.     

James B Harris 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(3)

Shallow shear-wave seismic reflection imaging, using a sledgehammer and mass energy source and standard processing, has become increasingly common in mapping near-surface geologic features, especially in water-saturated, unconsolidated sediments. Tests of the method in the Mississippi Embayment region of the central United States show Interpretable reflection arrivals in the depth range of <10 m to >100 m with the potential for increased resolution when compared with compresslonal-wave data. Shear-wave reflection profiles were used to help interpret the significance of neotectonic surface deformation at five sites in the Mississippi Embayment. The interpreted profiles show a range of shallow structural styles that include reverse faulting, fault propagation folding, and reactivated normal faulting, and provide crucial subsurface evidence in support of paleuseismologic trenching and shallow drilling.  相似文献   

高放废物处置库预选区新构造运动特征     

黄贤男  付检生  李斌志  高阳  何建国  李建中  徐国庆 《国外铀金地质》2010,(2):96-105

新构造活动强烈程度是高放废物处置库场址评价的一个重要指标。本文阐述新构造研究的指导思想、方法及其在高放废物处置库选址中的应用。通过东天山地区南、北地段对比研究,选出了在新近纪时期构造环境相对稳定或新构造活动强度相对微弱的东天山南部地区,作为高放废物处置库基地。研究结果表明它对场址评价是有意义的。  相似文献   

Plio-Pleistocene folding in the southern Rhinegraben recorded by the evolution of the drainage network (Sundgau area; northwestern Switzerland and France)     

Marzio Giamboni  Andreas Wetzel  Bertrand Nivière  Markus Schumacher 《Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae》2004,97(1):17-31

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Simplified models of the Alpine Fault seismic cycle: stress transfer in the mid-crust   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Ellis  J. Beavan  D. Eberhart-Phillips  B. Stöckhert 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,166(1):386-402

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天山北麓晚新生代沉积及其新构造 与古环境指示意义 ^*   总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

孙继敏  朱日祥 《第四纪研究》2006,26(1):14-19

天山山脉隶属中亚造山带,晚新生代时期印度板块向亚洲板块俯冲的构造效应同样影响到天山地区,使这一晚古生代形成的造山带重新复活。天山南北两侧的晚第三纪和第四纪时期的地层正是对印度板块-亚洲板块碰撞带的响应,发生构造变形,形成了一系列逆冲断层和褶皱,指示这一区域的地壳在晚新生代变短和加厚。文章对天山北缘晚中新世以来的沉积进行了详细的磁性地层学和沉积学研究,结果表明:在研究的独山子背斜地区,磨拉石沉积最早出现于约7百万年前,说明天山山脉自7百万年前开始有一次构造隆升,研究区内7.00~2.58Ma间的巨厚砾石沉积主要是构造抬升的结果。而早更新世的西域砾岩沉积在很大程度上与第四纪时期全球冰期的来临,特别是北半球开始发育大规模冰川作用有关,因此西域砾岩应当是在第四纪冰川作用(气候变冷)及新构造运动共同作用下的产物。  相似文献   

小凌河下游晚全新世地层与环境     

裴艳东  王宏  李建芬  Manfred FRECHEN  张玉发  范昌福  田立柱 《华北地质》2007,30(3):192-202

作为从出山口至入海河口直线距离仅约20 km的短途河流,小凌河下游地区及相邻潮间带表层发育了砾石质冲洪积扇、曲流河道滞留相-点状砂坝-泛滥平原与洼地、贝壳砾石海滩、盐沼、开放潮坪下部与中上部等一系列沉积环境。通过沉积地层学、年代地层学及新构造等方面的综合研究,1)将中、晚全新世地层划分为7个年代地层单元,2)发现了夏-西周、元末-明初两道年龄分别约为2 050～650 BC和1 350 AD的古海岸线,3)确立了春秋、中唐-北宋初、"小冰期"结束以来3次小凌河沉积期,最有可能发育的时间进一步限定在约650～400 BC(第1期)、约700～1 000 A(D第2期)和1 850 AD以来(第3期),4)提出了NW向与NE向构造加剧小凌河下游曲流发育的假说。  相似文献   

Evidence for Middle Pleistocene temperate-climate high sea-level and lowland-scale glaciation, Chapel Hill, Norwich, UK     

Adrian Read  Claire A. Mills  Jonathan R. Lee  Ian Candy  James Rose 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2007,118(2):143-156

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