C18固相膜萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中12种有机氯农药   总被引：13，自引：10，他引：13  

汪雨支辛辛  张玲金杨永亮 《岩矿测试》2006,25(4):301-305

利用C18固相萃取膜提取水样，气相色谱法（电子捕获检测器）测定饮用水中12种有机氯农药。对洗脱液、水样pH值、萃取压力等条件进行了优化选择，并与液-液萃取做了比较。结果表明，与液-液萃取相比，固相膜萃取具有操作简单、富集倍数高、节省溶剂和耗时短等优点，是萃取水中有机氯农药的有效方法。12种有机氯农药的回收率为85．97％～127．7％，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=5）为4．74％～12．2％，方法检出限为0．014～0．047μg/L。  相似文献   

气相色谱-质谱法同时测定河流沉积物中多环芳烃和有机氯农药   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

汪瑾彦  汤桦  陈大舟  吴雪  冯洁  吴学丽  李蕾 《岩矿测试》2010,29(3):225-230

建立了用加速溶剂萃取,气相色谱-质谱法同时测定河流沉积物中16种多环芳烃和19种有机氯农药的分析方法,优化了萃取溶剂、萃取温度和时间、凝胶渗透色谱收集时间、固相萃取洗脱溶剂和洗脱体积等条件。16种多环芳烃的方法检出限在0.15~0.59 ng/g,加标回收率为82%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为1.1%~4.5%。19种有机氯农药的方法检出限在0.14~2.23 ng/g,加标回收率为71%~108%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为1.0%~4.5%。实际样品的测定结果表明,该方法分离效果较好,能够满足沉积物样品中多环芳烃和有机氯农药的分析要求。  相似文献   

气相色谱法测定地下水中有机氯农药和多氯联苯   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

马晗宇  刘菲  刘玉龙 《岩矿测试》2010,29(5):527-530

建立了地下水中常见有机氯农药和多氯联苯的气相色谱分析方法。有机氯农药检出限均小于2.21ng/L,多氯联苯中PCB1检出限为5.20ng/L,其他目标组分检出限在1.30ng/L以下。两大类待测组分回收率均可以达到63.5%～110.2%,各组分精密度(RSD,n=5)在2.2%～17.3%。除异狄氏剂外,有机氯农药基体加标回收率为87.34%～133.76%。方法稳定性和重现性较好,样品前处理操作简便,适用于实验室分析或进一步改进。  相似文献   

胶洲湾5 种海藻中的多不饱和脂肪酸与有机氯农药共摄入风险的评估研究     

彭全材  宋金明  李琛  俞立东 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(1):81-87

海藻中含有丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),但同时也富集一定浓度的有机氯农药,食用海藻摄入多不饱和脂肪酸的同时也会摄入这类污染物,其共摄入风险分析评估是食品安全领域必须关注的科学问题。本文以胶州湾近岸采集的条斑紫菜、坛紫菜、海带、裙带菜、龙须菜等5种常见经济海藻为研究对象,分析了其脂肪酸和有机氯农药组成情况。结果表明,这5种海藻中脂肪酸以棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸(DHA)为主,n-6和n-3 PUFA的比值远小于建议值4,均有较高的营养价值;5种海藻中六六六类农药主要残留的是γ-HCH,滴滴涕类农药中P,P’-DDD、P,P’-DDT残留量较高。对PUFAs中的有效成分二十碳五烯酸(EPA)+DHA与有机氯农药污染物共摄入时对人体的益害风险进行了评估,发现对于健康成人在达到EPA+DHA摄入要求下,食用这5种海藻带来的多不饱和脂肪酸与有机氯农药污染物共摄入引起非致癌或致癌的健康风险较低。  相似文献   

Organochlorines and dioxin-like compounds in green-lipped mussels Perna viridis from Hong Kong mariculture zones     

So MK  Zhang X  Giesy JP  Fung CN  Fong HW  Zheng J  Kramer MJ  Yoo H  Lam PK 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):677-687

Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine (OC) pesticides and dioxin-like compounds were measured in green-lipped mussels, Perna viridis, collected from seven mariculture zones in Hong Kong between September and October in 2002 in order to evaluate the status, spatial distribution and potential sources of pollution in these areas. Concentrations ranged from 300 to 4400 ng/g lipid weight for total OCs and 170–1000 ng/g lipid weight for total PCBs (based on 28 congeners). Relatively smaller DDT concentrations in mussels compared with previous studies suggest reduced discharges of DDTs from nearby regions into Hong Kong waters. Detection of a mixture of HCH isomers in the mussels indicated that Hong Kong waters were predominantly contaminated by technical HCHs rather than lindane. Mussel samples from all sampling locations elicited significant dioxin-like activity in the H4IIE-luc bioassay. The greatest magnitude of dioxin-like response (39 pg TEQ/g wet wt.) was detected in mussels from Ma Wan in the western waters of Hong Kong, which is strongly influenced by the Pearl River discharge. Human health risk assessment was undertaken to evaluate potential risks associated with the consumption of the green-lipped mussels. Risk quotient (RQ) for dioxin-like compounds was greater than unity suggesting that adverse health effects may be associated with high mussel consumption.  相似文献   

Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the seawater and surface sediments of Blanca Bay,Argentina     

JoséLuis Sericano  Adan E. Pucci 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,19(1):27-51

In order to characterize our study area and to provide reference values to be used in the future to measure the changes produced by an increase in contamination, the concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons have been investigated in fifty-one samples of seawater, taken at four different depths: air-sea interface, surface, one metre and bottom waters, and in twenty-three samples of surface sediments from Blanca Bay, Argentina. Of eleven organochlorine compounds we were looking for (α BHC, lindane, heptachlor, δ BHC. aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, o-p′DDD, p-p′DDD, o-p′DDT and p-p′DDT), seven could be detected in seawater and three in surface sediments with the following mean concentrations: α-BHC=48·2 ng l^?1; lindane=54·2 ng l^?1; heptachlor=45·0 ng l^?1; δ BHC=12·5 ng l^?1; aldrin=61·8 ng l^?1 and ΣDDT=67·0 ng l^?1; and δ BHC=3·2 ng g^?1; lindane=4·2 ng g^?1 and heptachlor=1·0 ng g^?1 for seawater, regarding the surface waters, and sediment samples, respectively.Concentration factors among the different water layers were also studied to see if there was any correlation between chlorinated hydrocarbon contents and the water depths from which the samples were taken. As a mean value, the air-sea interface water contains 18 times more of these compounds than that of the water near the bottom. A comparison of the values corresponding to seawater and surface sediments from our study area with those levels measured in samples from other geographic locations is also presented.With the purpose to detect a relationship between chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations and the contents of particulate matter (PM) on the one hand, and particulate organic material (POM) on the other hand, four groups of samples containing different amounts of PM and POM, respectively were formed. From a comparison of the results obtained, lindane, heptachlor and δ BHC showed a tendency to lower concentrations in those samples containing little PM whereas α BHC and aldrin remained without important changes. No significant correlation was found between organochlorine levels and contents of POM.  相似文献   

超声提取-固相萃取小柱净化-气相色谱法测定土壤中14种有机氯农药   总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0  

刘文长  陶文靖  程丽娅  余兴  田旻  黄勤  李胜生 《岩矿测试》2009,28(6):541-544

对土壤中14种有机氯农药的超声提取技术和磺化、固相萃取小柱两种净化方法进行系统研究。结果表明,超声提取节省提取时间,提高分析效率;磺化法和固相萃取小柱法都有净化作用,但磺化法使样品中的艾氏剂、狄氏剂和异狄氏剂全部损失;固相萃取小柱净化当丙酮-正己烷淋洗液体积比为1∶9、淋洗液收集8 mL时回收率>90%,干扰最小。方法检出限为0.63~2.59μg/kg,精密度(RSD,n=7)为1.17%~14.66%,基体加标平均回收率为82.78%~106.94%。方法用于生态地球化学调查评价批量土壤样品的实际分析,检测结果满足评价工作需要。  相似文献   

Analyses of the Compositional Characteristics and Sources of the Organochlorine Pesticides in the Surface Sediments of Guanghai Bay,Taishan City,Guangdong Province     

FAN Xiaoping  HE Yicheng  ZHANG Peng  Huo Zhuqing  ZHEN Leiming 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):65-66

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are a class of toxic and harmful persistent organic pollutants widely found in environment. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) and DDTs are two of the most widely used OCPs (Qiu et al., 2004), so it is important to find out their compositional characteristics and sources in surface sediments. Guanghai Bay is located in the south of Guanghai Bay Industrial Park in Taishan City, Guangdong Province. It borders Huangmaohai to the east and Zhenhai Bay to the west, covering an area of about 236 square kilometers. In this study, surface sediments were collected at 16 sites in Guanghai Bay (Fig. 1). After the surface sediments were pretreated, GC‐MS was used to analyze OCPs. A total of 14 OCPs were detected and their content was shown in Table 1. The concentration of ΣOCPs ranged between 0.507～0.860ng·g‐1, with an average of 0.680 ng?g‐1. In general, the content of ΣOCPs was the highest at No. A12 site. The concentrations of these 14 detected OCPs ordered as dieldrin > epoxy heptachlor > P, P'‐DDD > γ‐HCH >endrin >aldrin > P, P'‐DDE >mirex >hexachlorobenzene >P, P'‐DDT > α‐HCH > δ‐HCH >β‐HCH > heptachlor.  相似文献   

Navigating the Complex Trade-Offs of Pesticide Use on Santa Cruz Island,Galapagos     

Megan O’Connor Robinson  Paul Hirsch 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(2):232-245

Pesticide use by farmers on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos—a perceived adaptation to changing ecological and economic dynamics—has the potential to lead to environmental degradation in an area that is known and valued worldwide for its biodiversity. We survey Santa Cruz farmers to understand motivations for and concerns about pesticide use on the island. Results from farmer surveys are supplemented with interview data to develop the case study of pesticide use on Santa Cruz Island. We then apply a “complex trade-off” framework to explore and navigate the tensions between conservation and livelihoods. We conclude by elaborating the implementation of a participatory certification system, the Participatory Guarantee System, as a possible path for reconciling trade-offs in Santa Cruz, Galapagos.  相似文献   

全二维气相色谱-电子捕获检测器测定复杂基质土壤中24种有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药     

时磊  孙艳艳  沈小明  吕爱娟  蔡小虎  刘娇  沈加林 《岩矿测试》2020,39(6):856-865

目前针对环境样品中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药的检测方法主要有气相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）,由于气相色谱法采用电子捕获检测器从而具有较高的灵敏度,在污染物的环境行为研究中得到广泛应用,GC-MS法的定性效果好,但检测灵敏度相对偏低。本文研究了2018年土壤详查江苏地区样品中有机氯农药和拟除虫菊酯的残留状况,结果显示,即使经过多次净化仍有20%的样品存在假阳性或基质干扰现象。为了提高定性准确度,同时保证检测灵敏度,实验建立了复杂基质土壤中20种有机氯农药和4种拟除虫菊酯的全二维气相色谱-电子捕获检测器检测方法,最终选择中等极性的TG-35MS为第一色谱柱,非极性的（DB-1）为第二色谱柱,将鲜样与无水硫酸钠混合均匀后,以正己烷-丙酮（1：1,V/V）为提取剂进行索氏提取,采用全二维气相色谱-电子捕获检测器进行检测,外标法定量。各物质的质量浓度均在1.0~500μg/L内与其峰面积呈线性关系,相关系数均大于0.995,检出限为0.02~0.17μg/kg。用标准加入法进行回收实验,测得回收率为80.7%~103.5%,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=6）为1.84%~10.12%。本方法将高灵敏度检测器与全二维色谱相结合,在保证检测灵敏度的同时增加了峰容量,有效去除了基质干扰。相比2018年土壤详查参考方法HJ 835—2017的检出限0.02~0.09mg/kg（全扫模式）,本方法检出限显著降低,且操作简单,可为复杂基质样品中的痕量超痕量检测提供参考。  相似文献