Midge- and diatom-based palaeosalinity reconstructions for Mahoney Lake, Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada     

Mark L. Heinrichs  Susan E. Wilson  Ian R. Walker  John P. Smol  Rolf W. Mathewes  Kenneth J. Hall 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1997,6(3):249-267

Salinity fluctuations in lakes of semi-arid regions have long been recognised as indicators of palaeoclimatic change, and have provided a valuable line of evidence in palaeo-climatic reconstruction. In the present study, fossil remains of diatoms and midges were used to reconstruct salinity changes at Mahoney Lake from the early postglacial, through the early, mid and late Holocene. A transition from midges typical of a freshwater community (Protanypus, Sergentia, Heterotrissocladius, Cladopelma, Dicrotendipes) during the early postglacial, to those indicative of saline environments (Cricotopus/Orthocladius, Tanypus) occurred in the early Holocene. The midge-inferred salinity values reflected the shift from freshwater (0.031 g/L) immediately after deglaciation, to saline water (2.4 to 55.2 g/L) in subsequent periods. A less saline period was found to have occurred after 1000 yr BP, suggesting a cooler or wetter period. The diatom record indicates similar trends, with freshwater taxa (e.g.,Cyclotella bodanica var. aff.lemanica) dominating near the bottom of the core. Diatom-inferred salinities indicate that saline conditions (about 30 g/L) prevailed throughout subsequent Holocene time, although relatively fresh conditions are indicated following deposition of the Mazama Ash, and from about 1500 yr BP until the present day. Midge and diatom-inferred salinity reconstructions for Mahoney Lake compare favorably with each other, and with climate trends inferred from earlier palynological evidence. The palaeosalinity record thus contributes new data relevant to past climatic conditions, in a region where little data have previously been collected.  相似文献   

黔中、黔南三叠纪古生态、古群落研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

杨瑞东 《沉积与特提斯地质》1996,16(6):42-47

本文在对黔中、黔南三叠纪古生物群的古生态，古环境作研究后，提出了中三叠统青岩组（或新苑组）中深水瓣鳃、菊石群落的堆积形成机理；贵州龙水生爬行动物群繁盛、埋藏、保存受控于拉丁期全球大海退以及特殊的台地边缘“Ｓ”形浅滩带上出现的半封闭海湾；同时，建立了由台地至深水的４个遗迹化石组合，牙形刺和瓣鳃类化石从浅水至深水沉积层中的分布系列。  相似文献   

An opportunistic trace fossil assemblage from the flysch of the Inoceramian beds (Campanian-Palaeocene), Bystrica Zone of the Magura Nappe, Carpathians, Poland     

A. Uchman 《Cretaceous Research》1992,13(5-6)

A relatively poorly diversified trace fossil assemblage from thin- and medium-bedded flysch of the Inoceramian beds in the Polish Outer Carpathians is dominated by postdepositional r-selected Chondrites, Planolites and Helminthoida. Predepositional K-selected forms are very rare. This, together with a lack of evidence for bottom erosion and the relatively dark colour of interbedded mudstone and siltstone, suggest that low sediment oxygenation was the main factor controlling benthic life. Preservational factors, related to the fluid consistency of sediment and to mixed layers, seem to be present, but subordinate. Small-scale changes of diversity and abundance of the trace fossils within the sections probably reflect changes in sediment oxygenation.  相似文献   

Dormant bacteria in lake sediments as palaeoecological indicators     

Ingemar Renberg  Mats Nilsson 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1992,7(2):127-135

Lake sediments contain viable allochthonous bacteria that can be cultured and used for palaeoecological studies. To be a good palaeoindicator, a bacterium must be able to survive in sediments for long periods of time, but also be unable to reproduce in the lake bottom. Bacteria can survive the unfavourable environmental conditions in lake sediments as resting cells. The endospore is the most specialized form and gives the bacterium an extreme longevity. The oldest viable endospores isolated from lake sediments that we are aware of are about 9000 years old.Several species, mainly in the genera Thermoactinomyces, Bacillus and Clostridium, form endospores. Clostridium perfringens has been used as palaeoindicator for sewage pollution, while Thermoactinomyces vulgaris is an indicator for past agricultural activity in the boreal forest zone and a potential climatic indicator in other vegetation zones. Although isolation and enumeration of bacterial endospores from lake sediments is rather easy and has considerable potential as a powerful tool in palaeoecology, the number of studies using palaeoecological approaches is limited.  相似文献   

Late Carboniferous palaeobotany of the upper Bideford Formation, north Devon: a coastal setting for a Coal Measures flora     

Christopher J. Cleal 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2004,115(3):267-281

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Post-mortem transport of freshwater mollusc shells in the northern Caspian Sea: A cautionary note on the implications for palaeoecological reconstructions     

Anatoly G. Tarasov  Sophia Z. Kazantseva 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1994,3(1):49-52

Fossils of stenohaline taxa are frequently used in palaeoecological and archaeological investigations to indicate the former position of deltas or the occurrence of freshwater conditions. However, the post-mortem transport of freshwater mollusc shells from deltaic and other areas can complicate interpretation of fossil assemblages. We present an example from the north Caspian Sea that shows that failure to consider these taphonomic processes can lead to erroneous conclusions.  相似文献   

Three‐fold nature of coastal progradation during the Holocene eustatic highstand,Po Plain,Italy – close correspondence of stratal character with distribution patterns     

Alessandro Amorosi  Giulia Barbieri  Luigi Bruno  Bruno Campo  Tina M. Drexler  Wan Hong  Veronica Rossi  Irene Sammartino  Daniele Scarponi  Stefano Claudio Vaiani  Kevin M. Bohacs 《Sedimentology》2019,66(7):3029-3052

Although general trends in transgressive to highstand sedimentary evolution of river‐mouth coastlines are well‐known, the details of the turnaround from retrogradational (typically estuarine) to aggradational–progradational (typically coastal/deltaic) stacking patterns are not fully resolved. This paper examines the middle to late Holocene eustatic highstand succession of the Po Delta: its stratigraphic architecture records a complex pattern of delta outbuilding and coastal progradation that followed eustatic stabilization, since around 7·7 cal kyr bp . Sedimentological, palaeoecological (benthic foraminifera, ostracods and molluscs) and compositional criteria were used to characterize depositional conditions and sediment‐dispersal pathways within a radiocarbon‐dated chronological framework. A three‐stage progradation history was reconstructed. First, as soon as eustasy stabilized (7·7 to 7·0 cal kyr bp ), rapid bay‐head delta progradation (ca 5 m year^?1), fed mostly by the Po River, took place in a mixed, freshwater and brackish estuarine environment. Second, a dominantly aggradational parasequence set of beach‐barrier deposits in the lower highstand systems tract (7·0 to 2·0 cal kyr bp ) records the development of a shallow, wave‐dominated coastal system fed alongshore, with elongated, modestly crescent beaches (ca 2·5 m year^?1). Third, in the last 2000 years, the development of faster accreting and more rapidly prograding (up to ca 15 m year^?1) Po delta lobes occurred into 30 m deep waters (upper highstand systems tract). This study documents the close correspondence of sediment character with stratal distribution patterns within the highstand systems tract. Remarkable changes in sediment characteristics, palaeoenvironments and direction of sediment transport occur across a surface named the ‘A–P surface’. This surface demarcates a major shift from dominantly aggradational (lower highstand systems tract) to fully progradational (upper highstand systems tract) parasequence stacking. In the Po system, this surface also reflects evolution from a wave‐dominated to river‐dominated deltaic system. Identifying the A–P surface through detailed palaeoecological and compositional data can help guide interpretation of highstand systems tracts in the rock record, especially where facies assemblages and their characteristic geometries are difficult to discern from physical sedimentary structures alone.  相似文献   

Lower Kungurian shallow-water lagoon biota of Middle Cis-Urals,Russia:towards paleoecological reconstruction     

Serge V.Naugolnykh 《世界地质(英文版)》2017,(1)

The paper deals with the Lower Kungurian( Philippovian Horizon; Lower Permian) biota of the Middle Cis-Urals,Russia.The biota is characterized on the basis of four representative localities( Philippovskoe Bus-stop,Philippovskian Quarry,Kamai and Kiselevo-Suksun Highway),which are situated in the stratotype area of the Kungurian stage.All the localities can be regarded as Lagersttten,but of authentically low biodiversity,since they represent oligotrophic lagoons of abnormal fluctuating salinity.General reconstruction of the Philippovian near-shore shallow-water ecosystem is given.Two new species of algae Algites philippoviensis sp.nov.,A.shurtanensis sp.nov.,and a new species of the limulids Paleolimulus kunguricus sp.nov.are described for the first time.  相似文献   

滇西保山地区何元寨组上部四射珊瑚动物群的古生态和古地理意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王训练  徐力 《现代地质》1997,11(2):137-144,T002

摘 要　 详细的古生态研究表明滇西保山地区何元寨组上部（泥盆系）四射珊瑚生活于温带气 候条件下的与深海盆地毗邻的碳酸盐台地边缘高能浅水环境中‚死后经过短距离搬运‚迅速 埋藏于大陆斜坡中部的静水环境中。保山地区与扬子地区中、晚泥盆世的动物群‚包括四射 珊瑚、腕足类和脊椎动物‚差别很大‚而与西藏日土、印度西北部 Chitral 及尼泊尔 Dolpo 中、 晚泥盆世的四射珊瑚动物群具有一定程度的相似性。因此‚保山地区与日土、Chitral 和 Dolpo 同属于冈瓦纳构造域‚与包括扬子地区在内的南亚构造域为宽阔的大洋———古特提斯洋所分 隔‚两边的底栖生物不能自由交流。  相似文献   

轮藻居群的种内变异与生物地层对比     

李莎  王启飞  张海春  万晓樵 《地学前缘》2020,27(6):234-240

传统轮藻化石研究对中国白垩系-古近系地层界线划分起到了重要的作用,但是轮藻属种的洲际对比却难以实现,究其原因,主要是中国与国际分类学方法未统一,属种名称不一致所导致。前人通过对现生轮藻藏卵器形态发育的观察发现,一个轮藻种的藏卵器钙化程度的不同,会导致其螺旋细胞呈现由凹到凸的变化。文章介绍了以居群为单位的轮藻化石研究思路,居群内不同的藏卵器个体在形态上存在一定的差异, 但这些差异之间存在连续过渡的关系,并未出现明显的分异,我们将这些形态变化称为种内变异;种内形态分析可以对已建立的属种进行有效厘定,有助于中国与国际的轮藻化石居群进行对比。此外,轮藻生物地层学研究还需结合古生态学和古地理学分析,优先选择生态域广和地理分布范围广的分子进行生物带命名,有利于进行洲际地层对比。  相似文献