利用T213物理量“垂叠法”模型制作沙澧河上游关键区面雨量预报     

王红燕  张晓鹏  靖春悦  张树立  侯凯  尹彬 《气象与环境科学》2010,33(4):43-47

利用沙澧河流域上游关键区2003-2006年6-8月降水资料和同时段T213产品中预报产品,分析了关键区强降水发生前24h T213产品中比湿、相对湿度、水汽通量、水汽通量散度、假相当位温、垂直速度等物理量垂直空间结构特征,并根据不同特征,构建T213物理量"垂叠法"暴雨和大雨预报模型,对沙澧河流域上游关键区分别作大雨以上(面雨量≥20mm)和暴雨以上(面雨量≥40mm)强降水预报。通过检验和试用,该预报模型对2007-2009年6-8月沙澧河流域上游关键区面雨量≥20mm强降水预报准确率平均达54.2%,对面雨量≥40mm强降水预报准确率平均为38.9%。  相似文献   

Effects of the Physical Process Ensemble Technique on Simulation of Summer Precipitation over China          下载免费PDF全文

HUANG Anning  ZHANG Yaocun  ZHU Jian 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2009,23(6):713-724

The effects of the physical process ensemble technique on simulation of summer precipitation over China have been studied by using a p-σregional climate model with 9 vertical levels（pσ-RCM9）.The results show that there are obvious differences among simulations of summer precipitation over China from different individual ensemble members.The simulated precipitation over China is sensitive to different cumulus convection,radiative transfer,and land surface process parameterizations.These differences lead to large uncertainties in the simulation results.The standard deviation of the simulated summer precipitation departure percentage over West China is larger than that over East China,signifying that the simulated precipitation over East China has higher reliability and consistency than that over West China.The Talagr and diagram shows that the ensemble system has reasonable dispersion in the simulated summer mean precipitation over East China.The summer ensemble mean precipitation over East China evaluated by various indices is better than most single simulations.The physical process ensemble technique reduces the uncertainties of the model physics in precipitation and improves the simulation results as a whole.Further, adopting the optimized ensemble mean method can obviously improve the performance of the pσ-RCM9 model in simulation of summer precipitation over East China.  相似文献   

鲁西北罕见的秋季连阴雨环流特征分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

于凤英  常平  杨学斌 《气象》2009,35(10):71-78

利用常规天气图资料和NCEP提供的1°×1°FNL分析场资料等,分析了2007年9月26日至10月7日鲁西北秋季连阴雨期间大尺度环流及物理量特征.分析表明,连阴雨期间,亚欧上空大型环流相对稳定,乌拉尔山附近维持一稳定的阻塞高压,西太平洋副热带高压异常偏强,低纬地区热带气旋活动频繁,南亚高压和副热带急流位置明显偏北,亚洲中纬度多短波槽东移,700hPa鲁西北及其北侧多维持切变线,与副热带高压西北侧的西南暖湿气流在黄河中、下游一带持续相互作用,形成了长达12天的阴雨天气.  相似文献   

哈密地区7·17暴雨天气过程分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王荣梅  道然  屠月青 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2010,4(1):36-40

对2007年7月16—19日哈密暴雨天气过程的分析表明:这次暴雨是伊朗副高北伸,里咸海长脊,与乌拉尔山高压脊反气旋型接通,推动中亚低涡东移进入新疆,在哈密滞留造成的。深厚的低值系统从低层到中层都表现为强的辐合上升运动,为暴雨产生提供很强的动力条件,有利于暴雨所需不稳定能量的储存,低层风场辐合及中高层强西南气流不断将水汽输送至暴雨区,为暴雨提供充足的水汽,冷暖、干湿空气的水平、垂直交换等在暴雨中激发大量不稳定能量的释放加强了对流,这都是暴雨产生的直接有利条件,欧洲数值预报产品、T213物理量场和FY-2红外云图进行暴雨天气预报具有较好的指导意义。  相似文献   

云南临沧市3次罕见雨雪天气对比分析     

郭萍  王亚莉  李成武  李金槐 《干旱气象》2009,27(1)

利用MICAPS资料,对临沧市近年出现的3次罕见雨雪天气从环流特征、冷空气特点和物理量场进行分析,得出:3次雨雪天气过程都是在有利的天气形势背景下发生的,冷空气的强弱和水汽来源的不同,以及水汽通量散度、垂直速度和假相当位温分布的差异导致了雨雪过程降水量的不同.  相似文献   

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GENETIC ALGORITHM IN CAPTURING CONDITIONAL NONLINEAR OPTIMAL PERTURBATION WITH PARAMETERIZATION "ON-OFF" SWITCHES INCLUDED BY A MODEL     

方昌銮  郑琴 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2009,15(1)

In the typhoon adaptive observation based on conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP), the ‘on-off’ switch caused by moist physical parameterization in prediction models prevents the conventional adjoint method from providing correct gradient during the optimization process. To address this problem, the capture of CNOP, when the on-off switches are included in models, is treated as non-smooth optimization in this study, and the genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced. After detailed algorithm procedur...  相似文献   

热带风暴海马变性前后的物理量诊断分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张迎新  李根娥  张守保 《气象》2008,34(3):49-55

利用NCEP再分析资料,针对热带风暴海马(0421)变性前后各物理量进行诊断分析,发现了一些有意义的结果.由变性前高低层的暖心对称结构到变性后非对称的锋面结构,其中冷空气是从低层、低压的西南象限开始入侵的.同时相对涡度场上,也由整层左右对称的正涡度演变成自低层到高层向西倾斜的垂直分布.另外,24小时平均相对涡度、平均散度呈现出中低层数值变大,且辐合上升层的厚度也加大的特点;最大上升速度中心的高度由变性前的600hPa上升到500hPa.由于西风带高空槽东移,变性后存在两条水汽通道,一条伴随槽前的西南气流,一条来自南海与强劲的偏南气流相伴.  相似文献   

绿洲效应的模拟及内外因子的敏感性实验   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

刘树华  胡予  胡非  梁福明  王建华  刘和平 《大气科学》2005,29(6):997-1009

利用一个已发展的陆面物理过程参数化方案与大气边界层数值模式耦合,模拟了半干旱区绿洲戈壁非均匀下垫面的陆面物理过程及其与大气边界层的相互作用,成功地描绘了绿洲戈壁局地气候效应,并进行了绿洲戈壁局地气候效应对于降水、绿洲水平尺度和植被结构等若干内外因子的敏感性实验.结果表明:绿洲的最小临界尺度为5～10 km之间,最大临界尺度为55～65 km之间,而最利于绿洲维持的尺度范围为20 km左右,这一结论与我国西部地区现存的绿洲尺度统计结果十分一致;绿洲植被覆盖率为0.6左右时,最利于绿洲发展.另外对植被空间分布方式和绿洲植被组成比例上也进行了数值实验,并对影响绿洲生存和持续发展的内、外因子气候效应的影响力量级进行了分级.这些结果对于深入了解绿洲气候的形成和维持机理具有重要的意义.  相似文献   

Equilibrium mechanism analysis on the physical processes of IAP3.0     

ZUO Ruiting  WANG Liqiong  ZENG Qingcun  ZHANG Ming 《大气科学进展》2005,22(4):525-533

Based on the detection of the dynamic and thermodynamic functions of the physical processes in IAP3.0, the equilibrium mechanisms of the temperature, moisture and wind are analyzed. The negative feedback between the longwave radiation and temperature is verified. The cooling regulation of net radiation on temperature is mostly balanced by the heating of precipitation, the leading actions on temperature of other processes such as vertical diffusion, shallow cumulus convection and friction are merely available for lower air. The moisture consumption of precipitation is compensated on the whole by the provision of shallow cumulus convection, which sustains the moisture conservation to a high degree. The wind field is directly regulated by the momentum redistribution of cumulus, the dry adiabatic convection and vertical diffusion. Yet, the prominent influences of these processes are generally confined to the lower level. The east wind at low latitudes and the west wind at high latitudes are both weakened by the regulations and furthermore, by virtue of the transportation of mean meridional circulation, such a variation exactly maintains the angular momentum conservation.  相似文献   

2004年7月广西一次大范围暴雨的诊断分析     

卢伟萍  李菁  赵芳 《气象研究与应用》2005,26(1):13-16

通过对2004年7月18～21日广西大范围的特大暴雨天气过程期间的环流形势场,以及与强降水有关的物理量场的变化分析,探讨了在本次强降水过程中势力相当的副热带高压与南亚高压"两脊一槽"的环流形势下,低空强劲的暖湿急流轴左侧强降水天气发生发展的环境条件。  相似文献