关于用科氏力预测最大余震问题的讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭增建  郭安宁 《中国地震》2009,25(4)

对用科里奥利力效应预测余震最大强度的某些问题进行了讨论.并介绍了用该效应对2008年汶川8级地震的最大余震所作的正确预测.  相似文献   

Axisymmetric transient waves in transversely isotropic half-space     

Morteza Eskandari-Ghadi  Siamak Sattar 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

A transversely isotropic material in the sense of Green is considered. Using a series of potential functions proposed in [Eskandari-Ghadi M. A complete solution of the wave equations for transversely isotropic media. J Elasticity 2005; 81:1–19], the solutions of the transient wave equations within a half-space under surface load are obtained in the Laplace–Hankel domain for axisymmetric problems. The solutions are investigated in detail in the special case of a surface point force pulse varying with time as Heaviside function. Using Cagniard–De Hoop method, the inverse Laplace transform and inverse Hankel transform of the solutions are then obtained in the form of integrals with finite limits. For validity of the analytical results, the final formulations for surface waves are degenerated for an isotropic material and compared with the existing formulation obtained by Pekeris [The seismic surface pulse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1955;41:469–80], to show that they are exactly the same. The numerical evaluations of the integrals for some transversely isotropic materials as well as an isotropic one are obtained. The present approach is then numerically verified by comparing a particular case of displacements for the surface of an isotropic half-space subjected to a point load of Heaviside function with the solutions obtained by Pekeris [The seismic surface pulse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1955;41:469–80]. In addition, the wave equations for the mentioned medium are obtained on the vertical line directly under the applied surface load. The final formulations are degenerated for an isotropic material and compared with the existing formulation given in Graff [Wave motion in elastic solids. New York: Dover Publications Inc; 1975 [New Ed edition, November 1991]], to show that they are also exactly the same. Then equations are presented in graphical forms using an appropriate numerical evaluation.  相似文献   

Depth–energy and depth–force relationships in open channel flows. II: Analytical findings for power-law cross-sections     

A. Valiani  V. Caleffi 《Advances in water resources》2009

In a recent work [Valiani A, Caleffi V. Depth–energy and depth–force relationships in open channel flows: analytical findings. Adv Water Resour 2008;31(3):447–54], the authors analytically inverted the depth–specific energy and depth–total force relationships for flows in open channels with wide rectangular cross-sections.  相似文献   

钻孔灌注桩的超声波检测     

殷建武  李清林 《CT理论与应用研究》2009,18(3)

结合焦郑高速公路钻孔灌注桩的超声波检测,对超声波检测的原理、方法以及桩身缺陷的判定进行了介绍和分析,通过实例证明超声波检测法能准确判断出桩身缺陷的位置和范围,并能对缺陷严重程度做出评价,是检测灌注桩桩身质量的一种较好方法.  相似文献   

现浇X型混凝土桩的荷载传递机理初探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘汉龙  ;雍君  ;丁选明  ;陈育民 《地震学刊》2009,(3):267-271

现浇X型混凝土桩技术是河海大学开发研制的用于地基加固处理的一项新技术。在模型试验的基础上,通过有限元方法研究了现浇X型混凝土桩的荷载传递机理,并与模型槽试验结果进行了对比,分析中考虑了桩和土之间的接触和土的非线性。通过数值分析,揭示了X型桩的截面形式对侧摩阻力分布、端阻力发挥的影响。计算结果表明,由于桩的泊松比效应,X型桩截面周边不同位置的侧阻力大小有所不同;X型桩中出现了类似于H型桩的“半封闭土塞”,与圆截面桩相比,桩端附近的侧摩阻力有较明显的增加;X型桩的桩端承载力系数要小于圆截面桩的情况,体现了X型桩截面形状的影响。  相似文献   

基于现场测试的斜拉桥有限元模型修正     

杨新刚  冯新  周晶 《地震学刊》2009,(4):467-472

由于多年使用,桥的结构材料等都已经发生变化,因此在研究桥的当前工作状态时,必须依照现场测试结果,将初始模型修正为符合现阶段实际情况的有限元模型。本文以黄河胜利大桥为工程背景,根据设计资料建立了该桥初始有限元模型,用ANSYS通用软件开发了索力修正程序,该程序通过调整拉索的初始应变和附加质量块,使模型索力与设计索力之间误差在5％以内。计算发现,有限元模型中的施工顺序对成桥状态有着很大影响,应通过单元生死技术进行施工模拟。本文以各级加载工况下挠度、索力的变化情况作为控制目标,最终建立了能够反映加载工况下挠度变化、索力变化的黄河胜利大桥基准有限元模型,为今后监测桥的索力变化情况进而了解整座桥的工作状态奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Seismic response of single-column bent on pile: evidence of beneficial role of pile and soil inelasticity   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Nikos Gerolymos  V. Drosos  G. Gazetas 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2009,7(2):547-573

While seismic codes do not allow plastic deformation of piles, the Kobe earthquake has shown that limited structural yielding and cracking of piles may not be always detrimental. As a first attempt to investigate the consequences of pile yielding in the response of a pile-column supported bridge structure, this paper explores the soil–pile-bridge pier interaction to seismic loading, with emphasis on structural nonlinearity. The pile–soil interaction is modeled through distributed nonlinear Winkler-type springs and dashpots. Numerical analysis is performed with a constitutive model (Gerolymos and Gazetas 2005a, Soils Found 45(3):147–159, Gerolymos and Gazetas 2005b, Soils Found 45(4):119–132, Gerolymos and Gazetas 2006a, Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 26(5):363–376) materialized in the OpenSees finite element code (Mazzoni et al. 2005, OpenSees command language manual, p 375) which can simulate: the nonlinear behaviour of both pile and soil; the possible separation and gapping between pile and soil; radiation damping; loss of stiffness and strength in pile and soil. The model is applied to the analysis of pile-column supported bridge structures, focusing on the influence of soil compliance, intensity of seismic excitation, pile diameter, above-ground height of the pile, and above or below ground development of plastic hinge, on key performance measures of the pier as is: the displacement (global) and curvature (local) ductility demands and the maximum drift ratio. It is shown that kinematic expressions for performance measure parameters may lead to erroneous results when soil-structure interaction is considered.  相似文献   

A new framework for evaluating along-wind responses of a transmission tower     

Guohuan Liu  Hongnan Li 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2009,8(1):87-93

In this paper, an analytical framework to evaluate the along-wind-induced dynamic responses of a transmission tower is presented. Two analytical models and a new method are developed: (1) a higher mode generalized force spectrum (GFS) model of the transmission tower is deduced; (2) an analytical model that includes the contributions of the higher modes is further derived as a rational algebraic formula to estimate the structural displacement response; and (3) a new approach, applying load with displacement (ALD) instead of force, to solve the internal force of transmission tower is given. Unlike conventional methods, the ALD method can avoid calculating equivalent static wind loads (ESWLs). Finally, a transmission tower structure is used as a numerical example to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the ALD method.  相似文献   

螺旋桩基础抗拔试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董天文  梁力  黄连壮  王明恕 《岩土力学》2009,30(1):186-190

异型的桩体几何形式增加了抗拔螺旋桩的桩土相互作用复杂性,抗拔试验研究有利于了解螺旋桩基础的承载机制和影响因素。通过16次原型桩抗拔试验,实测了单桩上拔荷载-位移曲线（U-Z曲线）,该曲线表现出多拐点、渐进型特点,采用单位荷载的桩顶位移变化率、桩顶位移增量以及结合地基变形特征的方法判定了3种桩型的抗拔极限荷载。用U-Z曲线、lgU-Z曲线和P/Pu-Z曲线初步分析了桩体埋深、深宽比、首层叶片埋置深度以及叶片距宽比等参数对螺旋桩基础抗拔承载性状的影响。试验表明,抗拔螺旋桩的埋深、首层叶片埋置深度和叶片距宽比存在临界点,影响桩土的工作性状和破坏模式。  相似文献   

刚-柔性桩复合地基中桩荷载传递规律试验研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

朱奎  魏纲  徐日庆 《岩土力学》2009,30(1):201-205

为了解刚-柔性桩复合地基中刚性桩和柔性桩的荷载传递规律,在温州地区选择了2幢采用刚-柔性桩复合地基的建筑物进行原位试验。试验前在钻孔灌注桩桩身埋设了钢筋应力计,在水泥搅拌桩桩身埋设了振弦式应变计,在建筑物施工过程中同步检测传感器的变化情况。试验结果表明,不同部位及不同类型桩荷载传递规律不同,中部刚性桩摩阻力相对于边部刚性桩重心下降,刚性桩荷载传递长度大于柔性桩。无褥垫层刚-柔性桩复合地基中部刚性桩在层数低时会出现负摩阻力,有褥垫层刚-柔性桩复合地基中在施工期间始终存在负摩阻力。中部桩端承力要高于边部桩端承力。  相似文献