活性炭从硫脲浸出液中回收金的工艺研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张云  杨建元 《矿物岩石》1999,19(2):98-100

本文研究了在酸性硫脲浸出液中活性炭回收金的工艺过程,实验表明,在该浸出液中活性炭对金具有较高的吸附速度、吸附率和吸附容量并易于解吸,为工业应用提供了可靠的技术依据。  相似文献   

二异氰酸酯与壳聚糖交联产物对金属离子的吸附性能     

安胜姬  张兰英  郑松志  徐景梅 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1999,29(2):2

研究了二异氰酸酯与壳聚糖的交联反应,其产物与壳聚糖相比,酸溶解度由82.04％降到58.08％。DSC曲线表明,交联产物的热稳定性明显提高,对低价重金属离子(Hg  相似文献   

Adsorption of Au(III) and Au(I) complexes on δ-MnO2     

Yong Ran  Jiamo Fu  R. J. Gilkes  R. W. Rate 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1999,42(2):172-181

The sorption of AuCl₄ ⁻,AuCl₂ ⁻ and Au(S₂O₃)^3- on δ-MnO₂ was investigated at pH2–11.6, 0.01 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L NaNO₃ solutions. At pH 4 in two electrolyte strength solutions, Au sorption densities on δ-MnO₂ are 0.18–0.21 and 0.28μmoL/m² for AuCl₄ ⁻ and Au(S₂O₃)₂ ^3-, respectively, and the Au surface coverage is approximate to or lower than 1%. This adsorption of the two Au complexes decreases as the solution pH increases, which conforms to the sorption regularity of the anion on δ-MnO₂. The Au sorption decreases in the sequence of Au(S₂O₃)₂ ^3- >AuCl₄ ⁻ >AuC1₂ ⁻. The intrinsic equilibrium constants (logK ^int) of the three Au complexes are 1.17–2.7, much higher than those of Cu and Cd. The hydrolysis products of AuCl₄ ^- are preferentially adsorbed by δ-MnO₂ and the inner-sphere Au-surface complexes are formed on the surface. Project supported by the National Studying-abroad Foundation, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49573200) and the Australian Mining Industry.  相似文献   

Role of coal type and rank on methane sorption characteristics of Bowen Basin, Australia coals   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Chikatamarla Laxminarayana  Peter J. Crosdale 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1999,40(4):157

The effect of coal composition, particularly the organic fraction, upon gas sorption has been investigated for Bowen Basin and Sydney Basin, Australia coals. Maceral composition influences on gas retention and release were investigated using isorank pairs of hand-picked bright and dull coal in the rank range of high volatile bituminous (0.78% R_{o max}) to anthracite (3.01% R_{o max}). Adsorption isotherm results of dry coals indicated that Langmuir volume (V_L) for bright and dull coal types followed discrete, second-order polynomial trends with increasing rank. Bright coals had a minimum V_L at 1.72% R_{o max} and dull coals had a minimum V_L at 1.17% R_{o max}. At low rank, V_L was greater in bright coal by about 10 cm³/g, but as rank increased, the bright and dull trends converged and crossed at 1.65% R_{o max}. At ranks higher than 1.65% R_{o max}, both bright and dull coals followed similar trends. These competing trends mean that the importance of maceral composition on V_L varies according to rank. In high volatile bituminous coals, increases in vitrinite content are associated with increases in adsorption capacity. At ranks higher than medium to low volatile bituminous, changes in maceral composition may exert relatively little influence on adsorption capacity. The Langmuir pressure (P_L) showed a strong relationship of decreasing P_L with increasing rank, which was not related to coal type. It is suggested that the observed trend is related to a decrease in the heterogeneity of the pore surfaces, and subsequent increased coverage by the adsorbate, as coal rank increases. Desorption rate studies on crushed samples show that dull coals desorb more rapidly than bright coals and that desorption rate is also a function of rank. Coals of lower rank have higher effective diffusivities. Mineral matter was found to have no influence on desorption rate of these finely crushed samples. The evolution of the coal pore structure with changing rank is implicated in diffusion rate differences.  相似文献   

长江口沉积物对铅的吸附作用   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

陈松  廖文卓  许爱玉  骆炳坤 《台湾海峡》1999,18(1):20-25

模拟研究长江口悬浮沉积物对Pb的吸附作用,发现沉积物的吸附性能与其氧化铁和有机物等活性组份的含量密切相关,获得Langmuir型吸附等温线,测定饱和吸附容量和分配系数,结果表明,pH和盐度对吸附产生明显影响,吸附率与pH和盐度之间分别呈线性正相关和负相关关系。初步探讨吸附动力学特征,沉积物对Pb吸附化化学作用为主,与厦门港沉积物相似。  相似文献   

南沙群岛海区表层沉积物吸附铜离子的实验研究     

田玉红  张正斌  刘莲生 《热带海洋学报》1999,(4)

通过对南沙群岛海区表层沉积物与铜离子交换吸附作用的实验研究发现:(1)铜离子在海水条件下与沉积物的交换吸附为一价阳离子交换;(2)不同站位的沉积物对铜离子的交换吸附能力不同;(3)铜离子在沉积物上的吸着行为存在着分级离子/配位子交换反应。  相似文献   

海水介质中钼酸根在针铁矿上的吸附(英文)     

王江涛  张正斌  赵卫红 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(Z1)

研究了ｐＨ 和总钼酸根浓度对海水中钼酸根在针铁矿上吸附的影响。钼酸根在针铁矿上的吸附等温线为Ｓ型。假设海水中钼酸根在针铁矿表面的吸附,是在双电层的内Ｈｅｌｍｈｏｌｔ 层中的能量相等的不同位置上进行的,并考虑到吸附的钼酸根之间存在着横向相互作用,由此推导得到的吸附等温式可描述钼酸根在针铁矿上的Ｓ型吸附等温线,并计算得到钼酸根在针铁矿上的最大吸附量为４ ．７６ ×１０－ ５ｍｏｌ／ｇ。钼酸根在针铁矿上的吸附受溶液ｐＨ影响,吸附密度随ｐＨ 的增加而降低。加入到海水中的钼约有２０ ％ 可被水合氧化铁的清除作用所转移。  相似文献   

Direct Conversion of Food Waste into 3D Porous Carbon Traps for Selective Adsorption of Cationic Dyes     

Anitha Senthamizhan  Brabu Balusamy  Doriana Debellis  Jose Alejandro Heredia-Guerrero  Giorgio Mancini  Riccardo Carzino  Luca Ceseracciu  Athanassia Athanassiou  Despina Fragouli 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(1):2200284

Conversion of waste biomass into valuable functional materials accomplishes the concept of circular economy in the development of sustainable waste management, and also recovery of such resources possibly reduces the requirement of feedstocks. In this scenario, the development of methodologies toward the direct conversion of the raw biomass into solid adsorbent materials without the use of any templates is highly desirable, but exceptionally challenging due to the complexity of the process. Here the direct synthesis of 3D porous carbon traps by a simple, cost-effective, and template-free process starting from a kitchen-based recipe and fermented food waste is described. Precisely, a robust carbon trap is formed with a spongy structure and highly interconnected hierarchical pores after the pyrolysis of a rice-based foam in the air. The developed materials float on water and interact efficiently with cationic dyes at static conditions. Importantly, such performance of the 3D carbon traps is not affected in the presence of anionic dyes, indicating the excellent selectivity towards the adsorption of cationic dyes. The adsorbent can be easily recovered and reused for up to 3 cycles without releasing any byproducts, thus, without causing hazardous risk of any secondary pollution to the environment.  相似文献   

固体浮力材料海洋生物污损及其防护研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

杨转  陈妙谋  王文硏  刘刚 《海洋技术学报》2023,(3):88-100

固体浮力材料为水下设备设施提供必要的浮力,是海洋开发和作业不可缺少的重要材料,其长期在海洋环境中使用,容易受到海洋生物污损的影响。海洋污损生物附着在固体浮力材料表面,会对浮力材料本身和使用浮力材料的设备产生严重的危害,导致浮力材料性能下降、功能受损,严重影响了水下设施设备的使用寿命及经济价值。本文通过检索近阶段固体浮力材料及海洋生物污损领域的研究进展,总结了固体浮力材料的特性、海洋生物污损原理和污损防护技术。重点分析和比较了各类防护技术的作用机理、适用范围及优缺点,评估了复合防护法和新型防护法的发展及应用前景,基于工程实践经验针对固体浮力材料防污技术的未来发展趋势进行了探讨并提出了建议。  相似文献   

Application of Partial Least Squares‐Kernel Calibration in Competitive Adsorption Studies Using an Effective Chemically Activated Biochar     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(4)

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