斜向波对直立式防波堤堤头作用的试验研究     

唐筱宁  饶永红 《海岸工程》2005,24(2):7-12

直立式防波堤堤头在斜向波浪作用下波浪力的计算在现行的技术规范中尚属空白。通过物理模型试验给出了堤头结构设计所需的波压分布图，指出了波浪入射方向和地形对堤头所受波浪力的贡献有时可以超过波高和波周期，根据现行规范按波浪正向入射计算堤头所受的波浪力偏于安全。  相似文献   

Effect of Cyclic Loading Frequency on Undrained Behaviors of Undisturbed Marine Clay   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈云敏  姬美秀黄博 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(4):643-651

Based on a series of cyclic triaxial tests, the effect of cyclic frequency on the undrained behaviors of undisturbed marine clay is investigated. For a given dynamic stress ratio, the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain increase with the number of cycles. There exists a threshold value for beth the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain, below which the effect of cyclic frequency is very small, but above which the accumulated pore water pressure and dynamic strain increase intensely with the decrease of cyclic frequency for a given number of cycles. The dynamic strength increases with the increase of cyclic frequency, whereas the effect of cyclic frequency on it gradually diminishes to zero when the number of cycles is large enough, and the dynamic strengths at different frequencies tend to the same limiting minimum dynamic strength. The test results demonstrate that the reasons for the frequency effect on the undrained soil behaviors are beth the creep effect induced by the loading rate and the decrease of sample effective confining pressure caused by the accumulated pore water pressure.  相似文献   

Spatial patterns and environmental risks of ringnet fishing along the Kenyan coast     

P Thoya  S Pérez-Jorge  GM Okemwa  H Mwamlavya  A Tuda  N Wambiji 《African Journal of Marine Science》2020,42(1):23-33

Ringnet fishing began in the early 20th century and is practised worldwide, mainly to target nearshore pelagic species. The method was introduced to Kenya’s coastal waters by migrant fishers from Tanzania. However, the impacts of this fishing gear remain poorly assessed. We assessed the spatial distribution of ringnet fishing effort and its possible effects on ecosystem components, such as coral reefs, marine megafauna and marine protected areas, on the south coast of Kenya. We tracked 89 ringnet fishing trips made from December 2015 to January 2016 and used spatial multicriteria analysis to determine hotspots of possible environmental risks. The results showed that habitat type and bathymetric profile influenced the spatial distribution of ringnet fishing effort. Mixed seagrass and coral habitats had the highest concentration of the effort. Most of the habitats in the study area were moderately exposed to the impacts of the ringnet fishery. The study identifies high-risk areas that require spatial measures to minimise possible environmental risks of the gear both to habitats and to endangered sea turtles.  相似文献   

Dynamic analysis of a vertical plate exposed to breaking wave impact     

M. Salih Kirkgoz  A. Kamil Tanrikulu  Cengiz Dündar 《Ocean Engineering》2004,31(13):2308-1635

From the experimental studies in recent years, it has become known that when a wave breaks directly on a vertical faced coastal structure, high magnitude impact pressures are produced. The theoretical and experimental studies show that the dynamic response of such structures under wave impact loading is closely dependent on the magnitude and duration of the load history. The dynamic analysis and design of a coastal structure can be succeeded provided the design load history for the wave impact is available. Since these types of data are very scarce, it is much more convenient to follow a method which is based on static analysis for the dynamic design procedure. Therefore, to facilitate the dynamic design of a vertical plate that is exposed to breaking wave impact, a multiplication factor called “dynamic magnification factor” is herein presented which is defined as the ratio of the maximum value of the dynamic response to that found by static analysis. The computational results of the present study show that the dynamic magnification factor is a useful ratio to transfer the results of static analysis to the dynamic design of a coastal plate for the maximum impact pressure conditions of p_max/γH₀≤18.  相似文献   

压力传感器的自动标定技术     

王莉娜  赵先龙  阮锐  严晓明 《海洋测绘》2007,27(4):78-80

针对压力测量设备生产和维护过程中,对关键部件压力传感器标定处于手工操作状态、效率低、操作人员不易掌控、标定结果处置复杂的现状,开发了针对压力传感器的自动标定技术。该技术将计算机控制、智能化、曲线拟合和误差分析引入到压力传感器的标定过程中,大幅度提高了标定的效率和可靠性。经此技术标定过的压力探头,在使用中具有互换性,减轻了数据后处理工作的难度。  相似文献   

海洋平台沉垫的波浪载荷试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚美旺  张承懿  缪国平  季春群 《海洋工程》1997,(4)

本文通过对海洋平台沉垫的波浪载荷试验研究分析，着重研究了在规则波中平台沉垫总体波浪载荷和局部水动压力分布的情况，定性地考察了非线性影响、浅水影响的重要性，为今后波浪理论中粘性的引入，进而考虑粘性与波浪运动的非线性相互干扰提供实测依据  相似文献   

Prediction of impact pressure induced by breaking waves on vertical cylinders in random seas     

Michel K. Ochi  Chen-Han Tsai 《Applied Ocean Research》1984,6(3):157-165

This paper presents a method to statistically predict the magnitude of impact pressure (including extreme values) produced by deep water waves breaking on a circular cylinder representing a column of an ocean structure. Breaking waves defined here are not those whose tops are blown off by the wind but those whose breaking is associated with steepness. The probability density function of wave period associated with breaking waves is derived for a specified wave spectrum, and then converted to the probability density function of impact pressure. Impacts caused by two different breaking conditions are considered; one is the impact associated with waves breaking in close proximity to the column, the other is an impact caused by waves approaching the column after they have broken. As an example of the application of the present method, numerical computations are carried out for a wave spectrum obtained from measured data in the North Atlantic.  相似文献   

中国海岸湿地退化压力因素的综合分析   总被引：39，自引：1，他引：39       下载免费PDF全文

谷东起  赵晓涛  夏东兴 《海洋学报》2003,25(1):78-85

对我国海岸湿地类型、特点和分布进行了论述.通过分析指出围垦、城市与港口开发、污染、海岸侵蚀、油气资源开发、生物资源过度利用和海平面上升等环境压力因素是造成湿地退化的主要原因.综合矩阵因子分析表明,不同的海岸湿地类型所承受的环境压力和所遭受的环境退化程度是不同的,其中三角洲、海岸潟湖、砂质海岸、珊瑚礁、淤泥质海岸、滨岸沼泽和红树林等湿地类型遭受的环境压力最大,环境退化也最严重;指出了人为因素是造成海岸湿地环境退化的主要原因.  相似文献   

石榴石橄榄岩的熔融实验及其地质意义     

韩宗珠  谢鸿森  盛兴土 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(2)

在20×10~9Pa和25×10~9Pa条件下,对石榴石橄榄岩进行的14次高温高压熔融实验研究表明,在1600℃时石榴石橄榄岩开始熔融(初熔),熔体中的SiO_2>70％,Na_2O+K_2O>8％,类似于A型花岗岩成分。本实验为地幔花岗岩的成因提供了证据。  相似文献   

Calculating Method and Verification of Wave Pressure Distribution on the Breast Wall of Mound Breakwater     

Lu Wujiang Associate Prof.  Hohai University    Nanjing 《中国海洋工程》1992,(4)

In this paper, the calculating charts and formulae about wave pressure on the breast wall are derived with seven parameters on the basis of physical model study. The verification shows that the charts agree with the example, and are adopted in the Specifications of Fishery Harbours Breakwater by the Ministry of Agricultures.  相似文献