Nonstationary deconvolution using maximum kurtosis optimization     

Javad Jamali  Abdorrahim Javaherian 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(5):1443-1455

Deconvolution is an essential step for high-resolution imaging in seismic data processing. The frequency and phase of the seismic wavelet change through time during wave propagation as a consequence of seismic absorption. Therefore, wavelet estimation is the most vital step of deconvolution, which plays the main role in seismic processing and inversion. Gabor deconvolution is an effective method to eliminate attenuation effects. Since Gabor transform does not prepare the information about the phase, minimum-phase assumption is usually supposed to estimate the phase of the wavelet. This manner does not return the optimum response where the source wavelet would be dominantly a mixed phase. We used the kurtosis maximization algorithm to estimate the phase of the wavelet. First, we removed the attenuation effect in the Gabor domain and computed the amplitude spectrum of the source wavelet; then, we rotated the seismic trace with a constant phase to reach the maximum kurtosis. This procedure was repeated in moving windows to obtain the time-varying phase changes. After that, the propagating wavelet was generated to solve the inversion problem of the convolutional model. We showed that the assumption of minimum phase does not reflect a suitable response in the case of mixed-phase wavelets. Application of this algorithm on synthetic and real data shows that subtle reflectivity information could be recovered and vertical seismic resolution is significantly improved.  相似文献   

航磁梯度数据解释新方法在迁安铁矿勘探中的应用     

江志强  王建飞 《世界地质》2017,36(3):947

为更加清晰和准确地利用磁梯度数据获得地质体的分布特征,笔者采用解析信号总水平导数法和梯度欧拉反褶积技术组合实现磁梯度数据的解释,解析信号总水平导数的极值可有效地圈定出矿体的分布范围,梯度欧拉反褶积法可有效地避免背景异常的干扰,从而准确地给出磁性体的位置和深度信息。理论模型证明解析信号水平导数法和梯度欧拉反褶积法的组合可准确地获得磁性体的水平范围和深度。应用于河北迁安地区磁梯度数据的解释,圈定出5个呈条带状分布的较大型铁矿藏,埋深在200~450 m。  相似文献   

基于解耦传播的波场分解方法在VTI介质弹性波逆时偏移中的应用     

周进举  王德利  李博文  李强  王睿 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(3):909-921

由于弹性波逆时偏移更符合实际情况,而且转换波的成像结果有更高的分辨率,因此弹性波逆时偏移越来越受到重视。然而,弹性波逆时偏移需要多波多分量数据,为了减少成像结果中的串扰假象,在逆时偏移过程中进行P波和S波分解就变得非常必要。结合基于向量的激发振幅成像条件,我们把基于解耦传播的波场分解方法应用到弹性波逆时偏移中,并对比了其在各向同性介质和横向各向同性（VTI）介质中的应用效果。结果说明,该方法可以在各向同性介质中完全分解P波和S波,并保留波场的向量信息。虽然在VTI介质中有较小的分解残余,但是该分解残余不会在逆时偏移结果中产生明显的串扰;因此,这种波场分解方法可以应用于各向同性介质和VTI介质弹性波逆时偏移。该方法是在时间空间域实现的,可以在波场传播过程中直接对P波和S波进行分离,应用方便,计算效率高。与利用Helmholtz分解的弹性波逆时偏移相比,该方法避免了在PS波成像结果中的极性反转问题。在复杂Hess VTI模型的逆时偏移结果中,高速岩体和断层的成像清晰,甚至是两个低速薄夹层也能较好成像;这说明该方法对复杂介质具有较好的适应性。PS波成像结果中的各向异性体成像清晰,说明各向异性介质弹性波逆时偏移可以对传统逆时偏移不能很好成像的构造进行成像。  相似文献   

Multiridge Euler deconvolution   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Giovanni Florio  Maurizio Fedi 《Geophysical Prospecting》2014,62(2):333-351

Potential field interpretation can be carried out using multiscale methods. This class of methods analyses a multiscale data set, which is built by upward continuation of the original data to a number of altitudes conveniently chosen. Euler deconvolution can be cast into this multiscale environment by analysing data along ridges of potential fields, e.g., at those points along lines across scales where the field or its horizontal or vertical derivative respectively is zero. Previous work has shown that Euler equations are notably simplified along any of these ridges. Since a given anomaly may generate one or more ridges we describe in this paper how Euler deconvolution may be used to jointly invert data along all of them, so performing a multiridge Euler deconvolution. The method enjoys the stable and high‐resolution properties of multiscale methods, due to the composite upward continuation/vertical differentiation filter used. Such a physically‐based field transformation can have a positive effect on reducing both high‐wavenumber noise and interference or regional field effects. Multiridge Euler deconvolution can also be applied to the modulus of an analytic signal, gravity/magnetic gradient tensor components or Hilbert transform components. The advantages of using multiridge Euler deconvolution compared to single ridge Euler deconvolution include improved solution clustering, increased number of solutions, improvement of accuracy of the results obtainable from some types of ridges and greater ease in the selection of ridges to invert. The multiscale approach is particularly well suited to deal with non‐ideal sources. In these cases, our strategy is to find the optimal combination of upward continuation altitude range and data differentiation order, such that the field could be sensed as approximately homogeneous and then characterized by a structural index close to an integer value. This allows us to estimate depths related to the top or the centre of the structure.  相似文献   

柯西约束盲反褶积技术在井间地震的应用   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6  

曾锐  刘洪  陈世军  夏吉庄  孔庆丰  乔玉雷  王慧  胡天跃 《地球物理学进展》2004,19(1):166-172

利用地面三维地震资料将二维井间地震资料推广到井间范围以外。对于提高井间地震的效益,加快其应用十分重要．为了将井间地震二维资料推广到井外三维,需要从地面地震低频信息提取层位、断面的几何信息,反褶积方法是重要的部分．本文给出了盲源反褶积方法的一种具体实现。并结合优化的预条件共轭梯度法以改善算法的稳定性,同时减少计算量．然后对经过高频恢复的地面地震数据与井间地震数据进行联合约束反演,有效地提高了地面地震的频带．并用实际资料的处理给予证实．  相似文献   

梯度反褶积法及其在矿产勘探中的应用     

马国庆  杜晓娟  李丽丽  李文成  王凤刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(1):259-266

梯度探测技术以其信息量大、精度高、干扰小等优点在地球物理领域中得到广泛应用,但现今针对梯度数据的反演方法还比较少。笔者提出一种新的梯度数据解释方法--梯度反褶积法,该方法以梯度数据为基础获得场源体的位置信息,在计算公式中消除了构造指数,避免了因构造指数选取不当引起的误差。通过理论模型试验证明,梯度反褶积法能有效地完成目标体的反演工作,反演结果与理论值之间的误差小于5%,且相对于常规欧拉反褶积法更加稳定、准确。将梯度反褶积法应用于实测航磁梯度异常的解释,获得了地下铁矿的分布状态。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地航磁场分析与磁源体结构   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

杨文采  王家林  钟慧智  陈冰 《地球物理学报》2012,55(4):1278-1287

本文研究塔里木盆地区域磁异常图的反演及磁源体结构.由于众多异常的叠加和反演固有的多解性,区域磁异常图的准确解释是非常困难的.三维欧拉反褶积是一种确定地质体位置和埋藏深度的自动定量反演方法,比较适用于计算区域磁异常源的埋藏深度.由于大型克拉通沉积盆地地层具有上新下老的规律性,将磁异常源分解为三个深度层次,圈定它们各自的分布区域,便可将它们与形成的地质作用及时代联系起来,为准确解释区域磁异常图提供可靠的依据.本文应用三维欧拉反褶积反演方法,计算出的塔里木盆地深度为2~5 km、5~10 km、10~20 km三个等级的磁异常源,它们与形成的地质作用及时代分别为: 中生代构造运动,海西期玄武岩侵位和太古代结晶基底的变质作用;圈定了它们各自的分布区域.  相似文献   

A gradient‐ratio method for the semi‐automatic interpretation of gravity map data sets     

G.R.J. Cooper 《Geophysical Prospecting》2012,60(5):995-1000

The application of semi‐automatic interpretation techniques to potential field data can be of significant assistance to a geophysicist. This paper generalizes the magnetic vertical contact model tilt‐depth method to gravity data using a vertical cylinder and buried sphere models. The method computes the ratio of the vertical to the total horizontal derivative of data and then identifies circular contours within it. Given the radius of the contour and the contour value itself, the depth to the source can be determined. The method is applied both to synthetic and gravity data from South Africa. The Matlab source code can be obtained from the author upon request.  相似文献   

小孔径台阵垂直分量P波接收函数研究及应用          下载免费PDF全文

秦满忠  张元生  沈旭章  魏从信 《地震学报》2012,34(1):44-51

尝试用垂直分量P波接收函数技术,分离莫霍面多次反射透射震相PpPmp,以此确定台阵下方的地壳厚度．利用兰州小孔径台阵记录的16次深远地震资料,分离了PpPmp震相,根据其到时计算台阵下方的地壳厚度约(51.6plusmn;1.8) km,与前人研究结果一致．   相似文献   

基于反褶积算法的地震干涉技术被动源成像     

王德利  程浩  朱恒  冯飞 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(6):1920-1926

地震干涉技术可以将任意2个检波器接收到的数据合成为在若干检波器之间传播的波,就好像其中的一个检波器作为一个虚拟震源来发挥作用。它可以从混沌无序的地震信号中发现有用信息,从地震噪声中提取有用信号以此推断地震波穿过介质的地质构造。基于反褶积算法,对其理论公式进行了较详细的推导,实现被动源地震干涉成像,证明了反褶积算法的可行性;并将其结果与互相关算法的结果进行对比,分析了2种方法在信噪比和分辨率方面的差异。数值计算表明,反褶积算法的纵向分辨率比互相关算法的高。对其进行的加噪试算表明,震源叠加后的反褶积算法呈现出高信噪比的特点。  相似文献