基于卫星遥感的鲁西北季节性风沙化土地研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

史同广  孙希华  闫业超 《地域研究与开发》2003,22(5):42-45

文章对鲁西北地区季节性风沙化土地的分布、特征及近20年来的演变做了初步的分析，阐述了该地区风沙化土地的成因及其危害，在肯定已有治沙成绩的基础上，就如何合理利用和改造这些土地提出了合理布局农田林网、地一步完善农田水利设施等意见和建议。  相似文献   

On the land use in Three Gorges Reservoir area     

HE Longhua  Lorenz King  JIANG Tong 《地理学报》2003,13(4):416-422

In this study the arable land changes in two counties (Zigui and Xingshan) in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China are investigated. The statistical data from the officially published statistical books are used to study these changes in the two counties during the past 50 years since 1949. The changes of arable land, changes of arable land per capita, and changes of multiple crop index in Zigui and Xingshan counties are examined. Using an index method, we conclude that the two counties are critical in the sustainable utilization of arable land.  相似文献   

Present land use and cover patterns and their development potential in North Ningxia     

WU Weicheng  ZHANG Wenfeng 《地理学报》2003,13(1):54-62

With the objectives to acquire the fundamental data of the territorial resource, understand the impacts of human activities on the land use and cover patterns and evaluate the potential of the future exploitation, an intensive land cover classification with an accuracy of 93% has been completed for North Ningxia by remote sensing technique based on the adoption of a combination method composed of texture training, maximum likelihood classification and post-processing such as re-allocation and aggregation. This classification result was incorporated with the contemporaneous socio-economic and meteorological data for cross-sectional regression modelling to reveal the spatial determinants of the land cover patterns and understand the human-environmental relationships. A tentative evaluation on the potential of soil exploitation in the near future was carried out in combination with our land use and cover change detection results aiming at supplying some useful references for the central and local governments in their sustainable land use planning.  相似文献   

USING UPLAND FOREST IN SHIMENTAI NATURE RESERVE,CHINA*     

STEVE S. W. XU  C. Y. JIM 《Geographical review》2003,93(3):308-327

ABSTRACT. The Shimentai Nature Reserve in Yingde County, Guangdong Province, China, established recently in a subtropical upland forest area, has served for ages as an essential and customary source of livelihood for local people. Assessment of forest usage indicates heavy reliance by villagers on its diversified biotic resources. This forest dependence, associated with socioeconomic factors such as distance from village, ethnic origin, out‐migration of rural youngsters, and a local tradition of conservation, is unlikely to decline in the near future. The reserve management recognizes the need to address the livelihood issues of local people and to win local support. A pragmatic adherence to provincial and higher‐level policies that exclude forest‐tapping activities could lead to more people‐versus‐park conflicts, which would dilute fundamental conservation objectives. A more enlightened and localized approach that nurtures a synergy between limited forest use and conservation while helping to develop new income sources could furnish workable alternatives.  相似文献   

关于地质勘查成果有偿使用的思考   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

李季三 《中国煤田地质》2003,15(4):1-3,9

地质勘查成果有偿使用是我国《矿产资源法》、《著作权法》和一系列行政法规所确认的。但在当前存在将地质成果的著作权与矿业权混为一谈的现象，现行行政法规对此未予剥离，可操作性不足，保护规定也不尽合理。因此，地质成果使用者难以遵守有偿使用的规定，甚至资料保管单位也有擅自将地质成果公开乃至出售的弊端。为方便地勘单位学习、掌握有关法律、法规，作者列举了相关政策法规的演进过程，以便让读者系统了解，并为维护自己成果的合法权益提出修改意见；地质矿产主管部门应依据国家法律进一步征求各方面意见，修订有关行政法规，使地质成果有偿使用得以正常实施。  相似文献   

民勤绿洲现状土地利用模式影响下地下水位时空变化的预测   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24       下载免费PDF全文

马兴旺  李保国  吴春荣  彭鸿嘉  郭有祯 《水科学进展》2003,14(1):85-90

用GIS与专业计算地下水运动的FEFLOW软件结合模拟研究了民勤绿洲现状土地利用模式影响下地下水位的时空变化。结果表明,如民勤绿洲现状土地利用模式发展下去,受其影响,绿洲地区的地下水位将持续地以较快的速度下降,到2010年10月,绿洲内将出现以绿洲腹地为中心、范围波及整个绿洲的两个地下水漏斗,漏斗中心地下水埋深将达47～52m,绿洲边缘地下水埋深将增加到17～22m,与1997年10月相比绿洲地下水位将下降9～34m。分析表明,在上游来水不变或减少的情形下,保持现状土地利用模式,将会逐步耗竭地下水资源,加速民勤绿洲的荒漠化过程的发生;如果调整作物种植结构、采用节水灌溉技术,将会减少地下水抽取量,减缓地下水位下降的趋势。  相似文献   

SOIL CONSERVATION EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT MODELS CONVERTING FROM STEEP FARMING SLOPE PLOTS IN YA''''AN, SICHUAN, CHINA     

Yulin DENG  Yan PENG  Yukuan WANG  Zongting YANG Institute of Mountain Hazards  Environment  Chinese Academy of Sichuan  P. R. China  College of Forestry  Horticulture of Sichuan Agricultural University  Sichuan  P. R. China. Water Resources Administration in Ya''''an  Sichuan  P. R. China. 《国际泥沙研究》2003,18(4)

Converting farming slope land into artificial forestland or grassland is a major measure of soil/water conservation. Five conversion practices, namely, 1) a control plot still tilled with a crop (maize), 2) a folder grass-growing plot seeded with Lolium perenne , 3) a young alder tree-growing plot, 4) a pear orchard plot and 5)a bamboo plot intercropped with folder grass, were monitored to compare the soil conservation efficiency of those changes in Ya'an, Sichuan for 3 years between September 1998 and August 2001. Results showed that the 5 designed converting models functioned differently in erosion control. The most effective model was bamboo groves intercropped with folder grass (Lolium perenne). The folder grass (Lolium perenne) growing model was more effective than the pure pear orchard model. The least effective model was the young alder tree-growing slope, which was even less effective than the control (a slope without converted cultivation). Meanwhile, changes in the soil's physical properties r  相似文献   

城市节水工作存在的问题及对策研究     

邵泽宝  刘乃行  王松江 《地下水》2003,25(4):251-253

水资源匮乏已成为当今社会发展不可回避的主要问题，成为制约国民经济快速、稳定、健康发展的“瓶颈”，解决这一问题成为当务之急，本文就城市节水存在的问题，提出了加强节水管理的综合性措施。  相似文献   

高原交通干线对土地利用和景观格局的影响——以兰州至格尔木段为例   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

阎建忠  张镱锂  刘林山  沈振西  刘燕华  郑度 《地理学报》2003,58(1):34-44

运用景观生态学方法和Arc/Info软件，研究1995年至2000年兰州至格尔木铁路沿线的区域土地利用和景观格局变化，分析交通干线（公路和铁路）的影响程度与范围。主要结果如下：（1）东线土地利用和景观格局没有发生显著变化，西线土地利用和景观格局变化较大；（2）东线缓冲带土地利用程度综合指数没有显著变化，西线缓冲带土地利用程度综合指数明显升高。缓冲带综合土地利用动态度的变化反映了交通干线的轴向影响规律；兰州至西宁铁路对土地利用变化的显著影响范围是5km，青藏铁路对土地利用变化的显著影响范围是7km；（3）9个城市缓冲带的土地利用变化分析表明：城市扩展主要发生在1km缓冲带内。  相似文献   

土地利用变化对我国区域气候影响的数值试验   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

GAO Xuejie  LUO Yong  LIN Wantao  ZHAO Zongci  Filippo GIORGI 《大气科学进展》2003,20(4):583-592

使用RegCM2区域气候模式单向嵌套澳大利亚CSIRO R21L9全球海-气耦合模式,通过将中国区域植被覆盖由理想状况改变为实际状况的数值试验对比分析,探讨了当代中国土地利用变化对中国区域气候的影响,并对结果进行了统计显著性检验。研究表明,土地利用的变化,会导致我国西北等地区年平均降水减少,导致年平均气温在内陆部分地区升高和在沿海个别地区降低,引起许多地方夏季日平均最高气温升高,而冬季日平均最低气温则在我国东部部分地区降低的同时在西北地区升高,土壤湿度的变化表现为大范围的降低。研究同时表明,相同的土地变化在不同的地理环境下引起的气候要素变化有一定的不一致性。  相似文献