宇宙尘似文象结构的图像分析和成因探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李增慧  李先宜 《矿物学报》1989,9(3):241-244

宇宙尘较广泛地分布于各地质时代和各种岩石中,它形成在不同的物理化学环境下,因此具有比较复杂的结构构造。本文对产于不同时代、不同岩性岩石中具有似文象结构的宇宙尘进行了广泛的研究,一方面研究Si、Al等元素的赋存状态,另一方面研究这些元素与似文象结构的关系,进一步为它们的成因提供信息。  相似文献   

华北地区航磁图像处理结果和地震构造解释   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

余钦范  马杏垣 《地震地质》1989,11(4):5-14

本文介绍了我国华北地区航磁图像处理结果,它包括航磁数据的假彩色图、立体阴影图、卷积滤波、指数滤波及局部自适应增强(LAHE)等图像。本文在研究了这些图像所蕴含的丰富信息基础上,对其所反映的地质实体及其演化和各种构造形迹这两个相互联系的方面进行了综合分析,进而建立了华北亚板块的地震构造立体格架,并运用走滑断裂带间块体转动模型,对本区构造变形和地震活动机制作了探讨  相似文献   

High time resolution monitoring of tropospheric temperature with a Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS)     

T. Tsuda  Y. Masuda  H. Inuki  K. Takahashi  T. Takami  T. Sato  S. Fukao  S. Kato 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,130(2-3):497-507

We have observed the time-height variation of the temperature field in the upper troposphere using a Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS) which consists of the MU radar and a high-power acoustic transmitter. The fast beam steerability of the MU radar has made it possible to measure temperature profiles in a fairly wide height range in the upper troposphere (5–11 km), even under intense wind conditions. Observations were continued for about 32 hr on 24–26 December, 1986 with a time-height resolution of 30 min and 150 m. During the observation period, the tropospheric jet was so intense that the acoustic wavefronts were severely distorted. Using wind velocity profiles observed by the MU radar we have numerically estimated the propagation of acoustic wavefronts, and further determined favorable pointing directions for the MU radar to receive significant backscattering from refractive index fluctuations produced by the acoustic waves. Conventional radiosonde soundings were carried out every 6 hr, which showed a temperature decrease of 4 K/day in the upper troposphere during the observation period. Temperature profiles taken by RASS agree well with the radiosonde results.  相似文献   

中国新疆北部遥感地质找矿的应用     

王道经 《大地构造与成矿学》1989,13(2):116-127

在新疆北部,结合地面地质调查和验证,应用遥感图象解译进行找矿、预测、获得了成效。对含油气地洼盆地的构造研究中,发现了经地球物理成果证实对油气运移、聚集起控制作用的断裂构造;对地穹隆起区,依成矿理论指导解译选定的找矿有利地段,经实地验证发现一批新的侵入岩体和成矿构造、并找到一批内生金属矿产,本文例举实例以此说明:在自然景观改造不多,植被覆盖甚少,基本保持各种地质体面貌的地区,开展遥感图象的成矿解译分析,能够迅速、有效地捕捉找矿标,结合地质、物化探资料的综合分析和地面实地验证,可以达到快速找矿的目的。  相似文献   

航空摄影最佳曝光量的选择     

吴祖义  孙和利 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1988,(2)

分解力是评定影象质量的重要指标。本文介绍利用改进后的国产9 w测微密度仪,测定航空软片静态分解力与曝光量的关系。以最大分解力所相应的曝光量作为确定航摄软片感光度的基准,以此为基础,确定航摄底片的最大密度(D_(max))、最小密度(D_(min))、影象反差(△D)和平均密度(D_R)本文对国产1022T、1022P、柯达2402、2412等航摄软片进行了研究,其试验结果可作为今后修改航摄规范的基础。  相似文献   

序贯一维型边缘检测新算法     

吕言 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1988,(4)

本文提出一种既可用于从图象上提取具有某种用途的一维边缘,又可用于提取具有多种用途的二维边缘的序贯一维型边缘检测新算法。由于构成该算法重要组成部分的基础算子的作用,以及将二维问题化为一维问题求解而使其明显具有简单,快速、有效的特点。该算法还具有Abdou等所建议的边缘检测算子应具有的两个特性。  相似文献   

Seismic imaging of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs     

J. J. O'Brien  I. Lerche 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1988,127(1):33-61

This paper examines those aspects of reflection seismology which require special consideration when imaging deeper hydrocarbon reservoirs, including the constraints imposed by vertical resolution, lateral resolution, and velocity analysis. We derive quantitative expressions relating the uncertainties in stacking velocities and in interval velocities derived from stacking velocities to acquisition parameters, as well as expressions for the lateral resolution which can theoretically be achieved for migrated seismic images. This analysis shows that the most significant limitations of seismic imaging at depth involve the finite lateral resolution of the seismic method, and the proper lateral positioning of seismic images. These difficulties are overcome in large measure through the proper migration of a seismic dataset, which becomes more critical as deeper horizons are imaged. If these horizons are suspected of having significant 3-D structure, a strong argument may be made for acquiring a 3-D seismic survey over the prospect. Migration of this dataset will then generate an image of the subsurface with good lateral resolution in both the X and Y directions.  相似文献   

Shape analysis and multispectral classification in geological remote sensing     

Andrea G. Fabbri  Freek D. van der Meer  Carlos R. Valenzuela  Cornelius A. Kushigbor 《Mathematical Geology》1993,25(7):773-793

This paper discusses the usage of mathematical morphology in image processing of remotely-sensed data for geologic interpretation. Particular attention is given to noise-reducing transformations of spectral bands before and after different methods of classification, and to the usage of textural context. The development of a viable processing strategy requires a multidisciplinary approach and expert knowledge in different areas: (a) geology, geomorphology, and vegetation in a study area, (b) properties of the sensor for imagery photointerpretation, (c) spectral/spatial properties of the digital data within an integrated dataset (remote sensing and ancillary data), and (d) data-processing tools including mathematical morphology theory. Examples of geometric characterization of Canadian LANDSAT scenes are described in which shape measurements are obtained using a PC-based hybrid image-processing and geographic information system, termed ILWIS, which was developed at ITC, in the Netherlands. Classes from supervised and unsupervised classification are compared to guide in geological mapping. Classes over individual occurrences of broad vegetation-landform units are studied to aid in environmental mapping. Field knowledge is the context necessary to construct expert procedures to drive sequences of data-processing steps toward a target result such as optimal classification, enhancement, or feature extraction. The interaction between expert rules and the image-processing steps can be based on synthetic measurements of shape to quantize the information either spatially or spectrally. Many useful geometrical transformations of spatially-distributed data are extensions or generalizations of spatial analysis functions typical of geographic information systems.  相似文献   

我国月降水和气温网格点资料的处理和分析   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

魏凤英  曹鸿兴 《气象》1994,20(10):26-30

用逐步搜索逼近法的客观分析技术计算出１９５１－１９９２年中国月降水量和月平均气温的格点资料，并利用图象识别原理对格点值和站点观测值进行了比较。  相似文献   

江汉平原渍涝灾害遥感的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

喻光明 《水科学进展》1994,5(1):64-70

提出了采用遥感技术与地理信息系统结合研究渍涝灾害的方案,其内容包括:(1)信息源选择与信息处理1(2)清访机理与灾情分析;(3)灾情预报与防治决策.讨论了实施技术系统的基本功能:(1)图像与数据处理1(2)基本信息的提取与分析,(3)损失分析模型与预报模型.作为本方案论证的一部分,还介绍了笔者近期在这一领域中的部分研究成果.  相似文献