天然气水合物开采储层出砂研究进展与思考     

宁伏龙  方翔宇  李彦龙  窦晓峰  王林杰  刘志超  罗强  孙嘉鑫  赵颖杰  张准  刘天乐  张凌  蒋国盛 《地质科技通报》2020,39(1):137-148

天然气水合物开采井眼出砂问题是当前水合物产业化急需突破的瓶颈之一,解决水合物开采时防砂与产能平衡问题是实现水合物安全高效、长期可控开采的关键.我国海域典型水合物储层属于弱固结的低渗泥质粉砂储层,其面临的防砂控泥与增产矛盾较为突出.厘清不同水合物储层和开采条件下的井眼出砂规律并揭示其机理,进而制定科学合理的防砂控泥措施以实现产能最大化是解决上述矛盾的途径所在.从理论分析、数值模拟、室内实验和现场试采4个角度介绍了世界范围内已开展的水合物出砂防砂情况,分析总结了水合物储层出砂影响因素及出砂机理,最后探讨了目前出砂研究存在的问题和挑战,并给出了相应的建议,旨在为后续水合物开采井眼出砂预测和防控研究提供思路和参考.  相似文献   

Research Progress of Seafloor Pockmarks in Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Classification     

XU Cuiling  XU Guoqiang  XING Junhui  SUN Zhilei  WU Nengyou 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(1):69-80

Seafloor pockmarks are important indicators of submarine methane seepages and slope instabilities.In order to promote the understanding of submarine pockmarks and their relationship with sediment instabilities and climate changes,here we summarize the research results of pockmarks in the spatio-temporal distributions and shaping factors.Most of pockmarks occur along active or passive continental margins during the last 25 kyr B.P..Circular and ellipse are the most common forms of pockmarks,whereas pockmarks in a special crescent or elongated shape are indicators of slope instabilities,and ring-shape pockmarks are endemic to the gas hydrate zones.Further researches should be focused on the trigger mechanism of climate changes based on the pockmarks in the high latitudes formed during the deglaciation periods,and the role of gas hydrates in the seafloor evolution should be elucidated.In addition,the feature of pockmarks at their early stage(e.g.,developing gas chimneys and gas driving sedimentary doming)and the relations between pockmarks and mass movements,mud diapirs could be further studied to clarify the influences of rapid methane release from submarine sediments on the atmospheric carbon contents.  相似文献   

GIS支持下的油气多因素综合预测方法——以苏里格气田苏120区为例     

梁梓君  冯强汉  陈龙  魏千盛  任越飞  熊哲  王国华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(4)

苏里格气田为一致密沙岩气田,油气富集区的预测优选为气藏开发奠定基础。常规的油气富集区预测方法存在着多学科成果综合分析困难、预测过程复杂、效率低下等弊端,本文针对苏里格120区块开展了基于GIS的油气富集区多因素综合预测方法的研究。首先借助GIS的空间数据库,实现多学科成果图件的集成管理;然后基于空间定位,从多学科成果图件中提取预测多因子,构建油气多因素综合预测模型;再次,运用GIS强大的叠加分析方法进行多因素综合预测,自动生成油气富集区预测平面图。本文的研究,为油气富集区的预测提供了新的技术方法,有效地提高了预测效率。  相似文献   

WorldView-Ⅲ卫星遥感数据在油气管道行业的应用与研究     

何宏华  张伟  梁自忠  邓银春 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(12):108-110

建设油气输送管道需依据一定比例尺的带状地形图进行施工图设计,本文以WorldView-Ⅲ卫星0.31 m分辨率的遥感立体像对为数据源,利用MapMatrix遥感影像数据处理平台进行立体数据采集,采用AutoCAD和南方CASS软件进行数据编辑,输出满足需要的DLG(数字线划图)。通过比对地面检查点与DLG成果来研究所得DLG的平面和高程精度,为高分辨率遥感技术在油气输送管道行业探索了新的应用方向。  相似文献   

The marker quantification of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 2: A middle-of-the-road scenario for the 21st century     

《Global Environmental Change》2017

Studies of global environmental change make extensive use of scenarios to explore how the future can evolve under a consistent set of assumptions. The recently developed Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) create a framework for the study of climate-related scenario outcomes. Their five narratives span a wide range of worlds that vary in their challenges for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Here we provide background on the quantification that has been selected to serve as the reference, or ‘marker’, implementation for SSP2. The SSP2 narrative describes a middle-of-the-road development in the mitigation and adaptation challenges space. We explain how the narrative has been translated into quantitative assumptions in the IIASA Integrated Assessment Modelling Framework. We show that our SSP2 marker implementation occupies a central position for key metrics along the mitigation and adaptation challenge dimensions. For many dimensions the SSP2 marker implementation also reflects an extension of the historical experience, particularly in terms of carbon and energy intensity improvements in its baseline. This leads to a steady emissions increase over the 21st century, with projected end-of-century warming nearing 4 °C relative to preindustrial levels. On the other hand, SSP2 also shows that global-mean temperature increase can be limited to below 2 °C, pending stringent climate policies throughout the world. The added value of the SSP2 marker implementation for the wider scientific community is that it can serve as a starting point to further explore integrated solutions for achieving multiple societal objectives in light of the climate adaptation and mitigation challenges that society could face over the 21st century.  相似文献   

西风槽与副高相互作用的暴雨过程动热力场结构特征分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

侯淑梅  郭俊建  张磊  郑怡  孙兴池 《气象》2017,43(2):151-165

利用常规气象观测、自动气象站加密观测、NCEP/NCAR(1°×1°,逐6 h)再分析以及FY 2C卫星云图等资料,分析了2007年8月15—18日发生在山东的一次暴雨过程中,西风槽与副热带高压(以下简称副高)相互作用三个阶段的热力、动力场结构特征。结果表明:整个过程先后经历了副高西进切变线缓慢西移、横槽南压副高减弱和横槽转竖副高南撤三个阶段,三个阶段的共同特征是中低层有切变线和θ_(se)锋区;700 hPa有低空急流;产生暴雨的对流云团具有后向传播特征,生命史中多次发生合并。三个阶段的不同点是:(1)副高西进过程中,锋区随高度向北倾斜,坡度小,切变线和θ_(se)锋区均为后倾,为典型的暖锋降水。暴雨区范围大,强度均匀,位于850 hPaθ_(se)锋区与暖脊的交界处的水汽辐合中心附近。饱和区宽广,伸展高度高。低层气旋性辐合、切变线辐合、锋面抬升是触发暴雨的动力机制,低空急流是暴雨增强机制。(2)副高减弱过程中,干冷空气分别从低层和中层侵入θ_(se)暖脊,θ_(se)锋区随高度先向北后向南,呈交错倾斜现象,坡度大,为典型的强对流降水,上升运动最为激烈。暴雨区范围小,强度大,分布不均,位于θ_(se)暖脊垂直方向轴线附近。饱和区狭窄,伸展高度高。锋面抬升运动是触发对流性强降水的主要动力机制,对流层中层干冷空气入侵是强降水的增强机制。(3)副高南撤过程中,θ_(se)锋区随高度向南倾斜,坡度大,呈前倾特征,为典型的高空槽降水。暴雨区狭长分散,强度弱,位于850 hPa切变线上、θ_(se)暖舌靠近锋区一侧。饱和区狭窄,伸展高度低。低层切变线辐合抬升是触发强降水动力机制,中层干侵入是降水增强机制。  相似文献   

Oil and gas development exposure and conservation scenarios for Greater sage-grouse: Combining spatially explicit modeling with GIS visualization provides critical information for management decisions     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

During the last quarter-century, global demand for energy has increased by more than 60%, and a similar increase is anticipated to occur by 2030 (Raymond, Deming, & Nichols, 2007). In the U.S., oil and gas development is projected to continue across western states within sage-grouse habitat. Greater sage-grouse, recently a candidate species for protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), have well documented negative responses to oil and gas disturbance. In this study, we create spatially-explicit oil and gas future development scenarios, baseline and high, and link them to sage-grouse population and habitat maps to quantify future exposure risk within Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) sage-grouse management zones (MZ) I and II. We then analyze recent land use decisions from the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) along with enacted policy from the State of Wyoming to estimate how these management actions might minimize the exposure risk of sage-grouse to oil and gas development into the future. Our results show that BLM and Wyoming conservation plans could reduce the exposure of sage-grouse to oil and gas development from 15-27% to 11–17% (31–37% reduction) in MZ I and from 15-27% to 5–9% (64–68% reduction) in MZ II. Our estimates of exposure to future oil and gas development, and conservation measures designed to ameliorate those threats, represent the upper and lower extents of potential impacts within scenarios. Our work demonstrates how spatial modeling and GIS visualization can be used by managers to assess likely outcomes of conservation decisions.  相似文献   

油气无机成因学说的新进展   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

张景廉  张平中  吕锡敏  关银录  廖天纯  张正刚  王爱勤 《地球科学进展》1998,13(1):44-50

介绍了油气无机成因学说的新发展,主要是目前在西方、俄罗斯等影响较大的关于无机生油气的几个学派以及在中国的一些学派。其中之一是Ｇｏｌｄ氏的地幔脱气理论,之二是费－托地质合成理论。  相似文献   

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷文昌组浊积体含油气性分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈国俊  吕成福  李玉兰  何仕斌  王天奇  刘得文  杜贵超 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):881-885

岩性油气藏是目前油气勘探开发的重要方向和热点研究领域。珠江口盆地恩平凹陷古近系文昌组发育一厚300余米、面积约140 km2的浊积砂体,其上下岩性均为深湖—半深湖相暗色细粒沉积物。文昌组是该盆地最主要的烃源岩,具有形成岩性油气藏的物质条件。以地震资料为主,结合地质和测井等综合技术,对该浊积体的含油气性进行了综合分析。研究表明,浊积体具有低频振幅能量增强、高频振幅能量降低的特点;同时AVO异常,在浊积体下部表现出同相轴下拉现象。EP17 3 1井钻遇该浊积体边缘,在浊积砂体深度（4 552～4 642 m）出现异常高压。这些特点都是含油气的表现。因此,该浊积砂体是有利的勘探目标,也是该区获得油气勘探开发重大突破的希望所在。  相似文献   

东营凹陷民丰地区天然气生成机理与化学动力学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王秀红  金强  胡晓庆  陈涛  宋国奇  王力  王娟  林腊梅  陈志伟 《沉积学报》2008,26(3):525-530

民丰地区天然气存在源岩热解和原油裂解成因的争议。本文采用高压釜封闭体系对该区烃源岩和原油样品分别进行了热模拟实验,从烃类气体生成过程、气态烃与部分单体烃生成动力学特征讨论了二者的生气机理,认为原油裂解比源岩热解生气活化能高30～40 kJ/mol,原油比源岩生气需要更高的热力学条件。模拟实验证实,成熟阶段源岩热解气与原油裂解气相比,以环烷烃和芳烃相对含量低为特征,与民丰地区产出的天然气组成更接近,据此认为该区天然气主要为源岩热解成因。  相似文献