Stress–dilatancy behavior for sand under loading and unloading conditions     

Zhen‐Yu Yin  Ching S. Chang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(8):855-870

Experimental results have shown very different stress–dilatancy behavior for sand under loading and unloading conditions. Experimental results have also shown significant effects of inherent anisotropy. In this article, a micromechanics‐based method is presented, by which the stress–dilatancy relation is obtained through the consideration of slips at the interparticle contacts in all orientations. The method also accounts for the effect of inherent anisotropy in sand. Experimental results on Toyoura sand and Hostun sand are used for illustration of the proposed method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

考虑剪胀效应的深埋圆形隧道围岩应变软化弹塑性解     

崔岚  郑俊杰  章荣军 《岩土力学》2014,35(4):1187-1193

隧道围岩非线性体积膨胀影响施工安全,如何正确评价隧道围岩塑性区域内扩容机制非常重要。多数研究从理论上推导深埋圆形隧洞应变软化围岩应力-应变场时仅采用恒定或线性变化剪胀模型,针对此不足,提出了一种基于有限差分法的分析方法,能够合理地考虑围岩非线性剪胀效应及其应变软化特性。利用已有的研究成果,验证了该方法的合理性,并进一步探讨了不同质量石灰岩与支护压力下剪胀系数在围岩塑性区域内的影响因素,比较了恒定与非线性变化剪胀模型下围岩变形的不同。结果表明:对于地质强度指标(GSI)较小、质量较差的岩体,塑性区域内主要由围压控制剪胀效应程度;恒定与非线性变化剪胀模型下围岩洞壁变形差别显著。  相似文献   

Non‐coaxiality and stress–dilatancy rule in granular materials: FE investigation within micro‐polar hypoplasticity     

Jacek Tejchman  Wei Wu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2009,33(1):117-142

This paper deals with FE investigations of shear localization in dilatant granular bodies. The calculations were carried out with a hypoplastic constitutive law enhanced by micro‐polar terms to properly model the shear zone evolution. The behaviour of an initially medium dense sand specimen with very smooth and very rough horizontal boundaries was analyzed during a plane strain compression test. A stochastic distribution of the initial void ratio was assumed to be spatially correlated. Attention was focused on the non‐coaxiality of the directions of the principal strain increments and principal stresses in the shear zone and on the stress–dilatancy rule. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Liquefaction and cyclic mobility model for saturated granular media     

S. Lpez‐Querol  R. Blzquez 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2006,30(5):413-439

A new constitutive law for the behaviour of undrained sand subjected to dynamic loading is presented. The proposed model works for small and large strain ranges and incorporates contractive and dilative properties of the sand into the unified numerical scheme. These features allow to correctly predict liquefaction and cyclic mobility phenomena for different initial relative densities of the soil. The model has been calibrated as an element test, by using cyclic simple shear data reported in the literature. For the contractive sand behaviour a well‐known endochronic densification model has been used, whereas a plastic model with a new non‐associative flow rule is applied when the sand tends to dilate. Both dilatancy and flow rule are based on a new state parameter, associated to the stiffness degradation of the material as the shaking goes on. Also, the function that represents the rearrangement memory of the soil takes a zero value when the material dilates, in order to easily model the change in the internal structure. Proceeding along this kind of approach, liquefaction and cyclic mobility are modelled with the same constitutive law, within the framework of a bi‐dimensional FEM coupled algorithm developed in the paper. For calibration purposes, the behaviour of the soil in a cyclic simple shear test has been simulated, in order to estimate the influence of permeability, frequency of loading, and homogeneity of the shear stress field on the laboratory data. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Motions close to escapes in the rhomboidal four body problem     

Ernesto A. Lacomba  Ernesto Pérez-Chavela 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1993,57(3):411-437

In this work we study escape and capture orbits in the planar rhomboidal 4-body problem in a level of constant negative energy. There are only two different values of the masses here. By using numerical analysis, we show certain transversal intersections of the invariant manifolds of parabolic orbits. We then introduce Symbolic Dynamics when the mass ratio is small, and when it is close to one. In the first case the escapes or captures predominate in the direction of one of the diagonals of the rhombus, while in the second case we find solutions escaping or being captured in the direction of both possible diagonals.  相似文献   

地壳岩石剪切失稳的应力与应变准则   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

秦四清  泮晓华 《地球物理学报》2011,54(7):1767-1771

本文建立了岩石体膨胀起点与峰值点之间应力与应变关系的解析表达式,分别给出了其剪切失稳应力与应变准则.考虑到地壳岩石缓慢加载作用使其均匀性指标的减小效应,本文也分别给出了简化的适用于脆性破坏预测的应力与应变准则.实例表明该应变准则可用于崩塌与强震等脆性破坏问题的预测分析.  相似文献   

Constitutive modeling of inherent anisotropy in a strain space multiple mechanism model for granular materials     

Kyohei Ueda  Susumu Iai 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(3):708-737

Consideration of fabric anisotropy is crucial to gaining an improved understanding of the behavior of granular materials. This paper presents a constitutive model to describe the sand behavior associated with fabric anisotropy within a framework of a strain space multiple mechanism model. In the proposed model, a second-order fabric tensor is extended by incorporating a new function that represents the effect of inherent (or initial fabric) anisotropy, along with three additional parameters: two of them, a₁ and a₂ , control the degree of anisotropy, and the second mode of inherent anisotropy can be expressed by introducing the parameter a₂ as well as the first mode by the parameter a₁ . The third parameter, θ₀ , expresses the principal direction of inherent anisotropy (eg, the normal vector direction of bedding planes relative to horizontal axis). The formulation of the dilative component of dilatancy (ie, positive dilatancy) is also extended to consider the effect of inherent anisotropy based on the interlocking mechanism. Experimental data on the complex anisotropic responses of Fraser River sand and Toyoura sand under monotonic loading is used to validate this model. The proposed model is shown to successfully capture anisotropic responses, which become contractive or dilative depending on different principal-stress directions, with a single set of anisotropy parameters; thus, the model is considered to possess the capability to simulate the anisotropic behaviors of granular materials. In addition to different loadings on the same fabric, the effects of different fabric anisotropies upon the sand behavior under the same loadings are also investigated.  相似文献   

Bounding surface‐based modeling of compacted silty sand exhibiting suction dependent postpeak strain softening          下载免费PDF全文

Ujwalkumar D. Patil  Laureano R. Hoyos  Mathilde Morvan  Anand J. Puppala 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(14):1741-1761

This article focuses on modeling the strain hardening‐softening response of statically compacted silty sand as observed from a comprehensive series of suction‐controlled, consolidated‐drained triaxial tests accomplished in a fully automated, double‐walled triaxial test system via the axis‐translation technique. The constitutive model used in this work is based on the theory of Bounding Surface (BS) plasticity and is formulated within a critical state framework. The essential BS model parameters are calibrated using the full set of triaxial test results and then used for predictions of compacted silty sand response at matric suction states varying from 50 to 750 kPa. Complementary simulations using the Barcelona Basic Model have also been included, alongside BS model predictions, in order to get further enlightening insights into some of the main limitations and challenges facing both frameworks within the context of the experimental evidence resulting from the present research effort. In general, irrespective of the value of matric suction applied, the Barcelona Basic Model performs relatively well in predicting response at peak and critical state failure under low net confining pressure while the Bounding Surface Model performs relatively well under high net confining pressures.  相似文献   

A bounding surface model for saturated and unsaturated soil-structure interfaces     

Chao Zhou  Pei Tai  Jian-Hua Yin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(18):2412-2429

In many geotechnical systems, such as reinforced slopes and embankments, soil-structure interfaces are often unsaturated. Shear behaviour of unsaturated interfaces is strongly dependent on their matric suctions, as revealed by the results of extensive laboratory tests. So far, constitutive models for unsaturated interfaces are very limited in the literature. This paper reports a new bounding surface model for saturated and unsaturated interfaces. New formulations were developed to incorporate suction effects on the flow rule and plastic modulus. To examine the capability of the proposed model, it was applied to simulate suction- and stress-controlled direct shear tests on unsaturated soil–cement, soil–steel and soil–geotextile interfaces. Measured and computed results are well matched, demonstrating that the proposed model can well capture key features of the shear behaviour of unsaturated interfaces, including suction-dependent dilatancy, stress–strain relation and peak and critical state shear strengths.  相似文献   

钱塘江冲海积非饱和粉土剪胀性三轴试验研究     

杨迎晓  龚晓南  范川  金兴平  陈华 《岩土力学》2011,32(Z1):38-42

钱塘江两岸广泛分布着冲海积粉土。在对钱塘江饱和粉土三轴试验研究的基础上,采用常规三轴仪,通过对不同饱和度系列粉土的固结排水CD试验,探讨钱塘江非饱和粉土的应力-应变性状和剪胀特性。对稍密状态（e = 0.871～0.969）粉土的试验表明：钱塘江冲海积非饱和粉土显著的特性之一是剪胀性,剪胀主要与粉土的饱和度和围压有关;饱和度对应力­应变曲线的一般形状影响不大;应力-应变曲线呈微软化型,残余强度qr与峰值强度qmax之比大多在0.9～1.0之间;粉土的剪胀随饱和度增高而增大,随围压增高而减小。临界状态体应变与中主应力随饱和度的变化有明显规律,围压800 kPa下,稍密状态钱塘江非饱和粉土体应变在 =12.020 2 – 4.939 2lnp和 =15.771 7 – 5.775 1lnp两条线所围的范围内,剪胀的最大体应变小于5%。  相似文献