青藏高原东北缘伯阳地区第三系流纹岩地球化学及岩石成因   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

赖绍聪  张国伟  秦江锋  李永飞  刘鑫 《地学前缘》2006,13(4):212-220

伯阳第三系流纹岩出露于青藏高原东北缘特殊的构造部位,位于青藏、华北和扬子三大构造域的交接转换区域。岩石的w(Si O2)介于68%~76%,w(K2O)>w(Na2O),w(K2O)/w(Na2O)平均值1·25,为一套典型的壳源流纹岩岩石系列。岩石微量及稀土元素具有典型的板内火山岩特征,K、Th、Rb等元素呈较明显的富集状态,而岩石显著的低Sr特征((19~120)×10-6)表明其并非源自加厚的下地壳,而是起源于斜长石稳定的正常下地壳。正是由于新生代期间青藏高原东北缘强烈的造山环境,加之渭河断裂的发育为下地壳物质提供了减压熔融的有利条件,从而诱发下地壳的局部熔融,形成伯阳酸性火山岩的原始岩浆。该岩浆体系沿区域断裂构造体系上升,并经历了较强的结晶分异和演化,最终形成伯阳第三系流纹岩系列。  相似文献   

The age and tectonic environment of the rhyolitic rocks on the western side of Wuyi Mountain,South China   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

LiangShu Shu  Ping Deng  JinHai Yu  YanBin Wang  ShaoYong Jiang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(8):1053-1063

During the geological survey of the metamorphic rocks in Xingning-Wuhua region on the western side of Wuyi Mountain, South China, we discovered the Neoproterozoic rhyolite and rhyolitic greywacke for the first time that outcrop in the Proterozoic metamorphic rocks near Jingnan Town of Xingning County, eastern Guangdong Province. A systematic research on petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of rhyolitic rocks was conducted to understand their tectonic setting and formation age. The Jingnan rhyolite is interbedded with a coeval greywacke, with a total thickness of 60 m; both rhyolite and greywacke display a similar folding and metamorphic pattern. Meta-rhyolite consists of groundmass and phenocrystals including sanidine, orthoclase, and quartz with distinct undulose extinction; the groundmass has been recrystallized into fine-grain feldspar, quartz and sericite aggregation. Meta-greywacke is composed of crystallinoclastic grains (sanidine, orthoclase, quartz and oligoclase) and clay groundmass. Zircon grains used for the SHRIMP U-Pb analysis are light brown-colored and euhedral or subeuhedral. Dating data suggest two age groups; eight grains of magmatype zircon with an idiomorphic form yield an age of 972±8 Ma, and the other seven weakly corroded grains of zircon with euhedral to subeuhedral shape construct an average age of 1097±11 Ma, which were captured from older rocks by an uplifting magma, implying that a late Mesoproterozoic basement exists in the Nanling region. In addition, one Paleoproterozoic age, 2035±11 Ma, is obtained from a rounded detrital zircon, indicating that a Paleoproterozoic thermal event took place in the South China. Geochemically, the Jingnan rhyolitic rocks are characterized by high K2O content, intermediate Al2O3 content, with the ACNK value 0.98―1.11, and belonging to high-K alkaline series. They are rich in ΣREE, Rb, Th and Ce, depleted in Ba, Sr, Eu, Ti, P and Nb-Ta, and with moderate negative Eu and Sr anomalies. These features indicate that the Jingnan volcanic rocks have an affinity of continental arc that is similar to those of acid volcanic rocks in the SE-China Coastal Region, in other words, a Neoproterozoic tectonomagma event might have taken place in the western Wuyi region, leading to an eruption of high-K calc-alkaline granitic magma.  相似文献   

Variation in rhyolitic magma composition linked with fractionation from a common source: insights from the Rotoiti eruption,Taupo Volcanic Zone,New Zealand     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(16):1967-1982

ABSTRACT

The Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand, is a well-documented volcanic arc characterized by explosive rhyolitic magmas within a series of caldera complexes that include the Okataina Volcanic Centre (OVC). New quartz melt inclusion and volcanic glass data from the 45 ka caldera-forming Rotoiti eruption within the OVC are compared to published studies. The new data are characterized by low K₂O (~1.5–3.5 wt.%), Rb (~30–70 ppm), Sr (~40–90 ppm), U (~0.5–2.5 ppm), and Ba (~300–1000 ppm) ranges that differ significantly from other OVC systems (~3.0–4.5 wt.% K₂O, ~80–150 ppm Rb, and ~2.5–5.0 ppm U). Most interestingly, the Rotoiti melt inclusion data measured in this study show a decrease in Rb, Sr, and U, although the fractionation trends originate from the same source point as published OVC data. This progressive decreasing trend is interpreted as an interaction with a less enriched rhyolitic melt (represented by the low Rb, Sr, and U of glasses) during fractionation processes from a common TVZ source. The established model for TVZ rhyolites is that they are extracted from a middle or upper crustal source (‘mush’ zone) prior to eruption. Adding to this model, new melt inclusion data suggest that all TVZ rhyolites are fractionated from this common TVZ source and, prior to eruption, the Rotoiti system was rejuvenated by this source (evidenced by the low REE glasses). Exactly what triggers the common TVZ source to fractionate remains unclear, but a proposed mechanism to account for this involves the successive melting of the upper crust by upwelling mantle induced by incremental subduction.  相似文献   

大兴安岭北部新林地区早侏罗世火山岩的发现及其地质意义     

刘涛  吉峰  王文东  王久懿  赵喜东 《地质与资源》2022,31(1):1-12

大兴安岭北部新林地区战备村一带新发现早侏罗世酸性火山岩.共测试2个锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄.第一个测年样品为绢英岩化流纹岩,谐和图上测点偏离谐和线右侧为典型的不谐和年龄,与谐和线相交年龄为192.0±1 Ma,MSWD=1.2,为流纹岩喷出后的冷却结晶年龄;第二个测试样品为弱硅化流纹岩,谐和年龄为178.0...  相似文献   

苏鲁造山带白垩系青山群流纹岩石泡构造的矿物学与地球化学特征：对石泡流纹岩成因的指示意义     

石晓兰  孟凡超  王尉  魏嘉怡  周瑶琪 《地质学报》2023,97(12):4085-4100

石泡构造是酸性火山岩中的一种特殊原生构造,常见于流纹岩中。石泡构造成因的研究对认识流纹质岩浆性质和喷发环境都具有重要意义。然而,关于形成石泡构造的岩浆性质、形成机理及其影响因素的研究仍比较薄弱。本文以苏鲁造山带白垩系青山群流纹岩石泡构造为研究对象,通过矿物学、岩石学、地球化学等方法,对石泡构造的发育规律、石泡和石泡间胶结熔浆的矿物组成、元素变化进行了系统研究。结果表明,石泡构造流纹岩主要发育于溢流相上部亚相,石泡可划分为实心型和空心型两类。地球化学特征显示石泡流纹岩与流纹构造流纹岩属同源岩浆,石泡流纹岩经历了更高程度的分异作用。石泡构造流纹岩胶结熔浆中水含量高于下部流纹构造流纹岩的玻璃质,导致溢流相上部亚相挥发分逸出趋势相对明显,受限于富硅岩浆的高黏度,挥发分未能顺利逸出,在逸出点猝冷形成石泡壁,受瞬时应力作用和过冷程度影响,形成形态多样的空腔。随着结晶温度下降,空腔内部残余岩浆依次冷凝结晶形成玉髓或石英。石泡构造的形成意味着岩浆作用过程或者喷发环境水的加入,对于研究酸性岩浆的演化和火山喷发机制具有重要意义。  相似文献   

西天山阿吾拉勒地区A型流纹斑岩的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李宁波  单强  张永平  罗勇  杨武斌  姜玉航  于学元 《大地构造与成矿学》2012,36(4)

新疆阿吾拉勒山是中亚造山带的重要组成部分。通过对区内火山岩的主量元素和微量元素地球化学研究,在群吉萨伊-塔尔得套一带下二叠统乌朗组中厘定出了一套铝质A型流纹斑岩。群吉萨伊和塔尔得套的流纹斑岩具有富硅(SiO2≥69.9%)和富碱(Na2O+K2O≥7.06%)的特征。其中,塔尔得套流纹斑岩的总碱含量低于群吉萨伊流纹斑岩,但其K2O含量则明显高于后者,属于高钾火山岩。二者均具有明显的Ba、Sr、Eu和Ti亏损,稀土总量在90.7×10-6～264×10-6之间。主量元素和微量元素特征显示,群吉萨伊和塔尔得套的A型流纹斑岩的源区均与硬质砂岩相似,属于A2型花岗岩,同时具有较高的锆饱和温度(TZr约900°C),其成因可能与后俯冲阶段的岩石圈拆沉过程有关。  相似文献   

内蒙古正蓝旗地区中生代火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄与板内伸展环境成因讨论   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

刘哲  薛怀民  曹光跃 《中国地质》2017,44(1):151-176

内蒙古东南部正蓝旗地区中生代火山岩广泛出露,岩性主要包括流纹岩、粗面岩、碎斑熔岩、熔结凝灰岩以及黑曜岩等,以碎斑熔岩发育为显著特征。本次研究测得流纹岩、霏细质碎斑熔岩及熔结凝灰岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(141.4±0.7)Ma、(141.6±0.6)Ma和(139.4±0.7)Ma,三者在误差范围内一致,表明研究区火山活动(从溢流、爆发到侵出)持续的时间很短,时代为早白垩世早期,属张家口组。除个别样品,正蓝旗地区晚期侵出的碎斑熔岩与早期溢流相的流纹岩、粗面岩在地球化学特征上极为一致,均为富硅富钾,贫Ca、Mg和Al,属粗面岩-流纹岩组合,部分样品具有碱性流纹岩的特征;富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,而强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、P;轻稀土元素(LREE)富集,Eu强烈亏损,轻、重稀土元素分馏较强(LaN/YbN主要介于6.87~42.74)。碎斑熔岩体相较于早期熔岩更加富硅贫碱,表明流纹岩-粗面岩喷溢之后,岩浆房中剩余岩浆又经过一定程度的分异,向更为富硅贫碱方向演化之后侵出地表。正蓝旗地区火山岩具有A型花岗岩的特征,为A_1型为主,A_1—A_2过渡的地球化学特征。碎斑熔岩体与流纹岩-粗面岩的Nb/Ta介于10.46~24.02,在地壳和地幔岩浆Nb/Ta比值之间;Y/Nb、Ti/Yb、Ti/Zr均体现出壳幔混合的特点;Rb/Sr介于0.61~64.51,为壳源特征。因此,研究区火山岩是造山后向板内非造山转换并以板内非造山为主的伸展环境下,经较为强烈地幔物质改造的下地壳部分熔融的产物。  相似文献   

辽北德仁组火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石地球化学特征     

豆世勇  刘锦  鲍东明  彭游博  杨仲杰  赵辰  吕行 《地质通报》2017,36(10):1708-1721

通过对辽北平岗盆地中德仁组火山岩的岩石学、地球化学和年代学的研究,探讨了其岩石成因、形成时代、构造环境,以及华北克拉通东部岩石圈减薄时间和减薄机制。用LA-ICP-MS技术测定了平岗盆地中德仁组中部英安质角砾晶屑岩屑凝灰岩和上部流纹岩中的锆石U-Th-Pb同位素组成。获得前者的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为246.8±3.5Ma和169.6±4.6Ma,代表了2期岩浆活动的年龄,是平岗盆地基底早三叠世和中侏罗世岩浆活动的表现;后者的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为117.0±0.9Ma,表明流纹岩形成于早白垩世。德仁组火山岩富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Y、Yb;富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,表现出壳源特征。德仁组火山岩形成于活动大陆边缘火山弧环境,原始岩浆来源于盆地基底岩浆岩重熔。研究区在117~135Ma期间,发生了由正地形向负地形的重大转变,区域上发育伸展盆地和变质核杂岩,并在基底岩石重熔过程中受到地幔混染作用,表明研究区在早白垩世发生了岩石圈减薄,且减薄的起始时间早于117.0±0.9Ma,减薄机制为拆沉作用。  相似文献   

冲绳海槽南部流纹岩中角闪石的化学特征及其对岩石成因的指示   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈祖兴  曾志刚  王晓媛  殷学博  陈帅  李晓辉  齐海燕 《海洋学报》2017,39(12):74-89

为了揭示冲绳海槽西南端流纹岩成因,利用电子探针和LA-ICP-MS对该流纹岩中角闪石进行了主量和微量元素测定。所有角闪石主量元素成分变化范围小,晶体化学特征主要表现为:Ca_B>1.60,Ca_A=0,（Na+K）_A<0.33,Na_B介于0.23~0.39之间,均为钙质镁闪石。微量元素以富集Sc、V、Cr、Co、Ni和REE,亏损Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr、Th、U和Pb为特征,这些元素的富集与亏损与复杂的类质同象作用有关。由角闪石温压计得出其结晶时的温度范围为775~839℃,压力为0.12 GPa,大致相当于4 km的深度。角闪石的成因矿物学研究显示该流纹岩中角闪石为壳-幔混合成因,进一步表明冲绳海槽南部流纹岩由幔源玄武质岩浆与壳源长英质岩浆混合形成的中基性岩浆在浅层岩浆房中结晶分异而形成,且壳幔混合源很可能是冲绳海槽西南端火山岩岩浆的主要来源。  相似文献   

Modelling Geophysical Precursors to the Prehistoric c. AD1305 Kaharoa Rhyolite Eruption of Tarawera Volcano, New Zealand     

S. Sherburn  I. A. Nairn 《Natural Hazards》2004,32(1):37-58

The 1305 Kaharoa rhyolite eruptive episode is the largest volcanic event(4 km³ magma) to have occurred in New Zealand during the last 1000 years. Proximal areas were devastated by pyroclastic flows, and tephra fell over much of the northern North Island. No eyewitness observations are recorded, but ejecta analyses show that the rhyolite eruptions were primed and triggered by basalt intrusions. This key finding, combined with observations of similar modern eruptions, has allowed construction of a conceptual scenario of the seismic and other activity that likely preceded the Kaharoa episode.The precursory scenario begins at -5 years (before the first eruption). Rising basalt magma intrusions generate deep long-period earthquakes in the lower crust, before intersecting and heating a rhyolite magma body at 6 km depth beneath Tarawera. By -1 year, increased heat flux from the rhyolite magma body had raised temperatures and pressures in the overlying hydrothermal system; generating shallow long-period earthquakes and increased heat flow at the surface. At -2 months, shallow volcano-tectonic earthquake activity intensified, driven by inflation of the rhyolite magma body, with magmatic gas appearing in fumarole discharges. Rapidly accelerating seismicity, ground deformation and surface heat flow occurred in the last few weeks and days, before the initial vent-opening explosions intensified into major plinian eruptions.Effectiveness of the present volcano monitoring system at Tarawera can be evaluated against this scenario. The precursory seismic activity, including the critical deep long-period earthquakes, would be recorded but not accurately located. Similarly, the existing ground deformation monitoring systems would detect early magma chamber inflation, but discrimination from the background tectonic tilting signal would be difficult. Continuous telemetering of geodetic data from existing and additional instruments would be required for any useful monitoring of rapid ground deformation in the final precursory phases.  相似文献