Seafloor sediment classification based on multibeam sonar data   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

ZHOUXinghua CHENYongqi 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(4):290-296

The multibeam sonars can provide hydrographic quality depth data as well as hold the potential to provide calibrated measurements of the seafloor acoustic backscattering strength. There has been much interest in utilizing backscatters and images from multibeam sonar for seabed type identification and most results are obtained. This paper has presented a focused review of several main methods and recent developments of seafloor classification utilizing multibeam sonar data or/and images. These are including the power spectral analysis methods, the texture analysis, traditional Bayesian classification theory and the most active neural network approaches.  相似文献   

Global scale patterns of continental fragmentation: Wilson's cycles as a constraint for long-term sea-level changes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jean-Pascal Cogn  Eric Humler 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,273(3-4):251-259

We propose to characterize land–ocean distributions over Late Proterozoic to Phanerozoic times from measurement of perimeters and areas of continental fragments, based on paleomagnetic reconstructions. These measurements serve to calculate geophysically constrained breakup and scatter indexes of continental land masses from 0 to 1100 Ma. We then provide quantitative investigation and modelling of relationships between scatter of continental landmasses and mean age of the oceanic lithosphere during Mesozoic times, which appears to range from 56 to 62 Ma over the last 170 My. We then inverse the scatter of continental landmasses in terms of global oceanic crust mean age over the last 600 My, i.e. back in times where no measurement of seafloor accretion history is possible because of subduction. We finally show that the inferred evolution of oceanic lithosphere mean age over the Phanerozoic remarkably correlates in time with long-term sea-level changes since the Cambrian.  相似文献   

Sand wave migration near the southeastern corner of Martha's Vineyard,Massachusetts, USA     

《国际泥沙研究》2023,38(5):629-642

Sand waves of approximately 2 m in height were observed to migrate nearly 40 m with counterclockwise rotation between two bathymetric surveys performed three months apart near the southeastern corner of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. The region is characterized by strong tidal currents, intermittent energetic surface wave events, and shallow water with local depth ranging from 2 to 7 m. This study uses the process-based model, Delft3D, with a three-dimensional approach to examine the sand wave dynamics by incorporating surface waves, winds, currents, and bathymetric observations. The model successfully simulates sand wave migration in comparisons to observations. Model sensitivity analyses show that the sand wave migration reduces by 65% with the absence of the surface waves. The modeled sand wave migration speed is correlated with the tidal current Shields parameter, and sharp increases in migration speed occur when the wave-driven Shields parameter increases in response to energetic surface wave events. The combined effect of tides, surface waves, and bathymetry is the origin of the rotational aspect of the sand wave, using the Shields parameter as an indicator of tidal currents and surface wave influence on sand wave dynamics.  相似文献   

广东大亚湾海域潜在的地质灾害类型及其分布规律   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

张锦炜  刘广虎  王功祥  马胜中 《海洋地质前沿》2004,20(4):1-4

根据大量地质一地球物理实测资料,分析了大亚湾海底潜在地质灾害因素,特别是基底断层、沙波、浅埋基岩、陡坎、异常堆积区等与海洋工程关系密切的地质灾害的类型、分布特征、形成机制及危害性,为海洋开发与海底工程设计提供科学依据。  相似文献   

淤泥质粉砂海底典型平台桩基冲刷     

边淑华  胡泽建  胡光海  仲德林  刘建立 《海洋测绘》2006,26(2):23-26

通过黄河三角洲埕岛海域2个典型平台桩柱周围实测水深及海流、波浪资料,研究了淤泥质粉砂海底桩柱周围局部冲刷坑的特征及其发展演化情况,并结合水动力条件对其形成机制进行分析。  相似文献   

基于回波时间的多波束测深与声纳数据匹配方法     

朱小辰  刘雁春  夏伟  邹永刚 《海洋测绘》2010,30(1):25-28

以多波束精确的水深数据为参照源,采用原始回波时间对多波束测深数据与其同源声纳数据进行匹配,从而获得高精度和高分辨率的海底影像数据,并避免了传统声纳图像处理过程中斜距改正所带来的几何形变。匹配结果采用光照图输出,并与三维水深图、原始声纳图像和CARIS处理后的声纳图像进行比较分析。该方法有效地提高了多波束数据的利用率,增强了对海底地形的探测分辨率。  相似文献   

Seafloor asymmetry in the Atlantic Ocean     

S.S.Gao K.H.Liu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(2):191-194

1　Introduction　Themid oceanridgesystemisthelargestgeologicstructureonEarth .Oneoftheoriginalmodelsonridgeprocessesconsiderstheupwellingoftheunderly ingasthenosphereastheresultoftheactiveascendingofalarge scaleconvectioncellinthemantle (Holmes ,1931;Hess…  相似文献   

An Interpretation of the Seafloor Spreading History of the West Enderby Basin between Initial Breakup of Gondwana and Anomaly C34     

Yoshifumi Nogi  Kumiko Nishi  Nobukazu Seama  Yoichi Fukuda 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2004,25(3-4):221-231

The seafloor spreading evolution in the Southern Indian Ocean is key to understanding the initial breakup of Gondwana. We summarize the structural lineaments deduced from the GEOSAT 10 Hz sampled raw altimetry data as well as satellite derived gravity anomaly map and the magnetic anomaly lineation trends from vector magnetic anomalies in the West Enderby Basin, the Southern Indian Ocean. The gravity anomaly maps by both Sandwell and Smith 1997, J. Geophys. Res. 102, 10039–10054 and 10 Hz raw altimeter data show almost the same general trends. However, curved structural trends, which turn from NNW–SSE in the south to NNE–SSW in the north, are detected only from gravity anomaly maps by 10 Hz raw altimeter data just to the east of Gunnerus Ridge. NNE–SSW structural trends and magnetic anomaly lineation trends that are perpendicular to them are observed between the Gunnerus Ridge and the Conrad Rise. To the west of Gunnerus Ridge, structural elements trend NNE–SSW and magnetic polarity changes are normal to them. In contrast, almost NNW–SSE structural trends and ENE–WSW magnetic polarity reversal strikes are dominant to the east of Gunnerus Ridge. Curved structural trends, which turn from WNW–ESE direction in the south to NNE–SSW direction in the west, and magnetic polarity reversal strikes that are almost perpendicular to them are observed just south of Conrad Rise. The magnetic polarity reversals may be parts of the Mesozoic magnetic anomaly sequence that formed along side of the structural lineaments before the long Cretaceous normal polarity superchron. Curved structural trends, detected only from gravity anomaly maps by 10 Hz raw altimeter data, most likely indicate slight changes in spreading direction from an initial NNW–SSE direction to NNE–SSW. Our results also suggest that these curved structural trends are fracture zones that formed during initial breakup of Gondwana.  相似文献   

大洋多金属结核化学分析方法标准的研究     

夏宁  宋苏顷  刘昌岭  张红  李学刚  林学辉  姚德 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(6):935-940

依据大洋多金属结核分析测试方法标准研究的总体设计 ,完成了 36个分析项目的 2 1份验证报告 ,进行了实验室间精密度协作性检验工作。在 H2 O-,TFe,Al2 O3 ,P2 O5等分析方法研究中取得新进展 ,并建立了 ICP- AES法测定大洋多金属结核中常量、微量、稀土元素分析方法标准。  相似文献   

南沙岛礁区中西部海底岩石拖网和发现早第三纪半深海沉积的地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周蒂  施小斌  陈汉宗  钟石兰 《热带海洋学报》2002,21(2):32-42

在南沙岛礁区中西部实施海底岩石拖网,有3个站获得海底岩石样品。其中在巽它陆架东北缘水深200多米的NS99－17站见深灰色淤泥中有大量铁褐色含泥钙质结核,说明该区（可能在末次冰期时）处于滨海或海滩氧化环境形成结核,之后海平面上升了至少150m。在南威岛西北方康泰滩的NS99－57站1360m水深的海底获强溶蚀的白垩多孔灰岩,含底栖有孔虫化石,指示康泰滩是从早－中中新世或更早开始生长的生物礁。在永暑礁东北约55km处的NS99－52站新命名了“东生海山”,其西北坡获含第四纪钙质超微化石的礁灰岩,以及由抱球虫类等生物碎屑和胶磷矿组成的钙质磷块岩和含磷生物屑灰岩滚石,指示半深海环境,其中的钙质超微化石大部分时代为中始新世－渐新世,以始新世可能较大,小部分属第四纪。这次海底岩石拖网为研究南沙岛礁区中部写信为和油气资源评价提供了重要的“硬证据”,尤其是发现早第三纪半深海相钙质磷块岩离南海西南次海盆很近,不但证实了南沙海域广布下第三系海相沉积的推断,而且为判断南海的张开时间提供了补充依据。  相似文献