孔隙流体压力与流体排驱的关系   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

冯乔  张小莉 《地质论评》1997,43(3):297-302

本文讨论了在压实作用下孔隙流体压力的形成以及与流体排驱的关系，指出异常孔隙流体压力是因岩石渗透率变化引起毛细管力增加而产生的，且二者之间在流体压力孕育过程中一直维持一个动态平衡状态。对于连续沉积的盆地，只有当异常孔隙流体压力增加到超过岩石的抗剪强度时，因岩石发生剪切破裂导致毛细管力降低，流体才被排出；对于强烈构造变动的盆地，因地层大量剥蚀引起负荷压力降低，其降低幅度达到或超过岩石的抗张强度时，岩石  相似文献   

铜陵地区老鸦岭层状钼矿床铅同位素组成研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

喻钢  陈江峰  钱卉  陈树榆  杨刚  闫峻  张成火 《矿床地质》2004,23(4):422-430

安徽铜陵老鸦岭矿床中二叠系大隆组(P2d)顶部的含矿(钼矿化)黑色页岩以及附近(立新煤矿)同一层位不含矿黑色页岩的实测铅同位素组成分别为：^206Pb/^204Pb20.20～22.37,^207Pb/^204Pb15.67～15.82,^208Pb/^204Pb38.47～38.60和^206Pb/204Pb18.83～20.80,^207Pb/^204Pb15.65～15.76,^208Pb/^204Pb38．84～39．22。对137Ma的放射成因Pb进行校正后的铅同位素组成表明，含矿黑色页岩和不含矿黑色页岩均与燕山晚期火成岩无关，老鸦岭含矿黑色页岩可能具沉积成因。对沉积(约250Ma)以来的放射成因Pb进行校正后的铅同位素组成表明：不含矿黑色页岩的Pb源自上地壳，而含矿黑色页岩的Pb(因而推测其他成矿金属)可能源于上地壳物质(与不含矿黑色页岩的Pb源相似)与下地壳物质的混合。  相似文献   

铂族元素的表生地球化学研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

皮道会  邓海琳  李朝阳  朱维光 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2004,23(4):355-361

基性-超基性岩及黑色页岩等风化过程中铂族元素发生了活化和迁移。铂族元素在岩体附近土壤、植物和水体等表生介质中的迁移富集特征可以用来寻找岩浆型铂族元素矿床。黑色页岩风化过程中，Os的表生迁移对海洋^187Os／^188Os值上升有重要意义。此外，作为重金属元素，机动车铂族元素催化剂在环境中的释放，也会带来潜在的生态环境和人体健康问题。  相似文献   

宁夏中卫县沙坡头地区黑色泥质页岩固沙性能研究     

郭进京  杜东菊  韩文峰  杨爱武 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(1):121-123,133

我国西北干旱半干旱地区，生态环境极为脆弱，土地沙漠化问题十分突出。防风固沙，恢复植被，遏制沙漠化，改善生态环境，是我国西部大开发战略和加快西部经济腾飞的主要任务之一。防风治沙首先要解决的问题是固沙保水。文章提出了利用宁夏腾格里沙漠东南缘中卫县沙坡头地区香山北麓的黑色泥质页岩在自然条件下天然胶结成壳作用于固沙的可能性。这类黑色泥质页岩具有遇水则吸水软化，风干则形成薄硬壳之特点。在斜坡坡面上或坡脚风化破碎或构造破碎或人工开挖的黑色泥质页岩碎块堆积的表面常形成1层1～5cm的硬壳。这类黑色泥质页岩在500℃时灼减量高达17．56％，说明具有很高的有机质含量，同时P2O5，和K2O含量也较高，有利于成壤和植物生长。黑色泥质页岩的天然胶结成壳作用与地表破碎的黑色泥质页岩堆积和特定的干旱半干旱气候以及本身成分、结构有关。这一硬壳层不但具有一定的强度和抗风蚀能力，而且还具有一定的吸水性和保水性。因此，借鉴草方格固沙方法，就地取材，充分利用黑色泥质页岩在自然条件下的天然胶结成壳性能，用于沙漠治理中的固沙。进一步对黑色泥质页岩天然胶结成壳的机理进行深入研究，并开展黑色泥质页岩固沙试验研究，有可能为腾格里沙漠治理开辟新的途径。  相似文献   

小动力旋挖钻机用嵌岩短螺旋钻头结构形式的改进          下载免费PDF全文

刘南昌  胡继良  黄玉文  翁炜  张宏智 《探矿工程》2005,32(2):43-43,46

采用小动力无加压旋挖钻机在粒径较大的卵砾石地层和泥页岩地层中进行1500 mm以上大口径钻孔灌注桩施工，由于钻机动力小且不能加压，用常规嵌岩短螺旋钻头钻进出现进尺慢或不进尺现象。通过对河南西峡县宛西制药责任有限公司新厂房桩孔施工过程中出现此种现象的分析和处理，提出了嵌岩短螺旋钻头针对性的改进措施，并取得了良好效果。  相似文献   

Large‐scale poroelastic fractured reservoirs modeling using the fast multipole displacement discontinuity method          下载免费PDF全文

A. Verde  A. Ghassemi 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(6):865-886

An effective approach to modeling the geomechanical behavior of the network and its permeability variation is to use a poroelastic displacement discontinuity method (DDM). However, the approach becomes rather computationally intensive for an extensive system of cracks, particularly when considering coupled diffusion/deformation processes. This is because of additional unknowns and the need for time‐marching schemes for the numerical integration. The Fast Multipole Method (FMM) is a technique that can accelerate the solution of large fracture problems with linear complexity with the number of unknowns both in memory and CPU time. Previous works combining DDM and FMM for large‐scale problems have accounted only for elastic rocks, neglecting the fluid leak‐off from the fractures into the matrix and its influence on pore pressure and stress field. In this work we develop an efficient geomechanical model for large‐scale natural fracture networks in poroelastic reservoirs with fracture flow in response to injection and production operations. Accuracy and computational performance of the proposed method with those of conventional poroelastic DDM are compared through several case studies involving up to several tens of thousands of boundary elements. The results show the effectiveness of the FMM approach to successfully evaluate field‐scale problems for the design of exploitation strategies in unconventional geothermal and petroleum reservoirs. An example considering faults reveals the impact of reservoir compartmentalization because of sealing faults for both geomechanical and flow variables under elastic and poroelastic rocks. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于热模拟实验的富有机质泥页岩成岩作用及演化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

栾国强  董春梅  马存飞  林承焰  张津营  吕夏霏  Muhammad Aleem Zahid 《沉积学报》2016,34(6):1208-1216

富有机质泥页岩蕴含丰富的油气资源,但成岩研究基础薄弱,已成为制约页岩油气勘探开发进程的重要因素。通过开展成岩热模拟实验,结合扫描电镜观察、流体成分测试及有机酸测试等实验测试手段,全面描述实验过程中所发生的水-岩化学反应,试图揭示泥页岩成岩过程及成岩演化规律。研究结果显示,有机质热演化过程中存在一个较宽的有机酸生成窗口,对孔隙流体性质具有重要影响;长石和方解石存在接力溶蚀现象,长石溶蚀高峰过后紧接着出现方解石溶蚀高峰,但方解石溶蚀窗较窄,此后出现方解石重新沉淀结晶;黏土矿物转化及长石的溶蚀过程中会产生大量自生微晶石英,成链状或簇状胶结泥页岩骨架。泥页岩地层作为一个相对封闭体系,各类成岩作用之间相互关联,相互影响,构成错综复杂的成岩体系,进一步增加其成岩作用研究难度。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics of Lacustrine Shale and Marine Shale: Examples from the Songliao Basin, Bohai Bay Basin and Qiannan Depression     

WANG Min  LU Shuangfang  WANG Zhiwei  LIU Yang  HUANG Wenbiao  CHEN Fangwen  XU Xingyou  LI Zheng  LI Jijun 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(3):1024-1038

  相似文献   

Shale Gas Formation and Occurrence in China: An Overview of the Current Status and Future Potential     

ZOU Caineng  YANG Zhi  PAN Songqi  CHEN Yanyan  LIN Senhu  HUANG Jinliang  WU Songtao  DONG Dazhong  WANG Shufang  LIANG Feng  SUN Shash  HUANG Yong  WENG Dingwei 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(4):1249-1283

Shale gas is one of the most promising unconventional resources both in China and abroad. It is known as a form of self-contained source-reservoir system with large and continuous dimensions. Through years of considerable exploration efforts, China has identified three large shale gas fields in the Fuling, Changning and Weiyuan areas of the Sichuan Basin, and has announced more than 540 billion m~3 of proven shale gas reserves in marine shale systems. The geological theories for shale gas development have progressed rapidly in China as well. For example, the new depositional patterns have been introduced for deciphering the paleogeography and sedimentary systems of the Wufeng shale and Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin. The shale gas storage mechanism has been widely accepted as differing from conventional natural gas in that it is adsorbed on organic matter or a mineral surface or occurs as free gas trapped in pores and fractures of the shale. Significant advances in the techniques of microstructural characterization have provided new insights on how gas molecules are stored in micro- and nano-scale porous shales. Furthermore, newly-developed concepts and practices in the petroleum industry, such as hydraulic fracturing, microseismic monitoring and multiwell horizontal drilling, have made the production of this unevenly distributed but promising unconventional natural gas a reality. China has 10–36 trillion m~3 of promising shale gas among the world's whole predicted technically recoverable reserves of 206.6 trillion m~3. China is on the way to achieving its goal of an annual yield of 30–50 billion m~3 by launching more trials within shale gas projects.  相似文献   

A Review of the Bentong-Raub Suture vis-à-vis New Insight of the Tectonic Evolution of Malay Peninsula, South East Asia     

Aftab Alam KHAN  Mustaffa Kamal SHUIB 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1865-1886

As a milestone of the entire energy industry, unconventional resources have inevitably swept the world in the last decade, and will certainly dominate the global oil and gas industry in the near future. Eventually, the “unconventional” will become “conventional”. Along with the rapid development, however, some issues have emerged, which are closely related to the viability of unconventional resources development. Under the current circumstances of low crude oil and gas price, coupled with the prominent environmental concerns, the arguments about the development and production of unconventional resources have been recently heated up. This work introduced the full-blown aspects of unconventional resources especially shale reservoirs, by discussing their concepts and definitions, reviewing the shale gas and shale oil development history and necessity, analyzing the shale plays’ geology and petroleum systems with respects to key hydrocarbon accumulation elements and mechanisms, and summarizing the technology resolution. This study also discussed the relevant key issues, including significant estimation uncertainty of technically recoverable resources, the equivocal understanding of complex geology preventing the production and technologies implementation optimization, the difficulties of experiences and technologies global expanding, and the corresponding risks and uncertainties. In addition, based on the latest production and exploration data, the future perspective of the unconventional resources was depicted from global unconventional resources assessments, technology development, and limitations constraining the development.  相似文献